The use of body surface area for determination of age, body weight, urine creatinine, plasma creatinine, serum creatinine, urine volume, and creatinine clearance: the reliable canonical method of assessing renotoxicity in animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1531-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saganuwan Alhaji Saganuwan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Plasma Creatinine ◽  
Urine Creatinine

Creatinine clearance: enzymatic vs Jaffé determinations of creatinine in plasma and urine.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Apple ◽  
C Bandt ◽  
A Prosch ◽  
G Erlandson ◽  
V Holmstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Plasma Creatinine ◽  
Plasma And Urine Samples

Abstract We measured creatinine in plasma and urine samples from 17 normal subjects and 10 renally impaired subjects by four different methods: two enzymatic--Ektachem iminohydrolase and Boehringer Mannheim amidohydrolase--and two Jaffé reaction based--Beckman Astra 8 and Technicon AutoAnalyzer I. Creatinine clearances, standardized for body surface area, were also calculated. In both groups of subjects plasma creatinine values were significantly (p less than 0.05) lower, by 3 to 4 mg/L, when measured enzymatically than when measured by the Jaffé reaction. Additionally, creatinine clearances were significantly (p less than 0.05) greater by at least 30 mL/min when calculated from enzymatically measured creatinine values vs Jaffé method values for creatinine. The benefits of lack of interference with enzymatically measured creatinine concentrations and clearances should be assessed in relation to the lack of agreement with long-established (Jaffé) methods for determining creatinine (and inulin) clearances.

Variability in Creatinine Clearance (Ccr) and Ktn Due to Different Methods of Calculating Volume and Ccr

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai Luan Low ◽  
George R Bailie ◽  
Ray Rasmussen ◽  
George Eisele
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Total Body

Objective This study aimed to compare the correlations between KTN and creatinine clearance (Ccr) calculated by different methods and to determine and compare the correlations between KTN and Ccr. Design Nonrandomized, retrospective analysis of data. Setting Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) outpatient clinic in a teaching hospital. Patients All patients were included for analysis if the data collection was complete for the calculations of KTN and Ccr using five different methods. Interventions Volume of distribution for urea (V) was estimated by four methods: Watson nomogram, ideal body weight (IBW), actual body weight, and total body surface area. Ccr was determined by five methods: Dialysate Ccr was calculated by creatinine (Cr) uncorrected and corrected for the presence of glucose; urinary Ccr was calculated using urinary Cr alone and the average urinary clearance of urea and Cr; and by the Cockcroft and Gault method. Main Outcome Measures Correlations between KTN and Ccr. Results Sixty-three data sets were collected from 52 CAPD patients. The correlations between weekly KTN and Ccr normalized to 1.73 m2 body surface area were found to be highly variable from one method to another (r2 = 0.012 -0.494). For obese patients (20% above IBW), KTN values obtained were more variable using the Watson nomogram compared to the IBW and BSA methods. Conclusion KT/V calculated using the Watson nomogram and the Ccr determined using average of urinary urea and creatinine clearance gave the best correlation (r2 = 0.49).

scholarly journals Determination of Kidney Length and Volume by Ultrasound in 100 Term Bangladeshi Newborn

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Sultana ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Biplob Kumar Basak ◽  
Nilofar Shameem Afza ◽  
Md Nurul Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Kidney Volume ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Kidney Length

Objective: To determine the normal range of kidney length and volume in term Bangladeshi newborn. Methods: Hundred inborn, healthy, appropriate for gestational ages, term infants were prospectively examined by sonography within 72 hours of birth by a single senior sonologist. In 52 boys and 48 girls body weight (BW), supine length (SL), occipito frontal circumference(OFC) were collected from delivery room records, and body surface area (BSA) was calculated using the formula BSA=BW(kg)0.425 ×BL(cm)0.725 ×0.007184 and BMI=Weight(kg)/height(m)2. Scanning was performed with 6.5 MHZ transducer with child supine position. Maximum length of each kidney was determined. Volume of the kidney was determined by the inbuilt formula of software. Kidney length and volume were then correlated with gestational age, body weight, length, OFC, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area of infant. Results: There were no significant differences in mean kidney length and volume between right (39.22±4.32 mm, 9.79±2.80cc) and left (38.36±4.30 mm, 9.82±2.24cc) and kidneys in boys (right kidney 39.77±4.28mm, 10.30±2.69cc, left kidney38.62±3.68mm, 9.91±2.06cc) and girls (right kidney 38.63±4.32mm, 9.23±2.83cc left kidney 38.09±4.91mm, 9.73±2.43cc). Kidney length was correlated better with BMI (<0.001), BW (<0.01) and BSA. (<0.05). Kidney volume was also correlated with BW (<0.05), BMI (<0.05) and BSA (<0.05). No correlation found with length and OFC. Conclusion: The present study provides an important baseline data in term babies for kidney dimension in Bangladeshi neonate. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v36i1.13032 Bangladesh J Child Health 2012; Vol 36 (1): 26-29

scholarly journals Obesity Related Glomerulopathy: weighing in the effect of Body Surface Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bielopolski Dana ◽  
Singh Neha ◽  
S Bentur Ohad ◽  
Renert-Yuval Yael ◽  
MacArthur Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Underrepresented Populations ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Urine Creatinine

AbstractImportanceObesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG), part of the cardio-renal spectrum, has an early reversible stage of hyperfiltration. Early identification in the obese adolescent population provides an opportunity to reverse the damage.ObjectiveAge-appropriate formulae for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), are standardized to ideal body surface area (BSA) and provide assessment of renal function in mL/min/1.73 m2 units, may underestimate prevalence of early ORG. We investigated whether adjusting eGFR to actual BSA more readily identifies early ORG.DesignCross sectional cohort study. Data were collected between 2011-2015 and analysis was performed between January-November 2020.SettingElectronic health records clinical data base from 12 academic health centers and community health centers in the New York metropolitan area.Participants22,417 women and girls ages 12-21 years for whom data of body measurements and renal function were available.Main Outcome and measuresThe hypothesis was generated using previously collected health record data. eGFR was calculated in two ways: BSA-standardized eGFR according to KDIGO recommended formula; and Absolute eGFR adjusted to individual BSA. Hyperfiltration was defined above a threshold of 135mL/min/1.73 m2 or 135 mL/min, respectively. The prevalence of hyperfiltration according to each formula was assessed in parallel to 24-hour urine creatinine.Results22,417 female adolescents mean age 17 with high prevalence of underrepresented populations (32.6% African American, 12.8% Caucasians and 40.4% Hispanic) were evaluated. Serum creatinine values and hyperfiltration rates according to BSA-standardized eGFR were similar,13.4-15.3%, across Body Mass Index (BMI) groups. Prevalence of hyperfiltration determined by Absolute eGFR differed across groups: Underweight – 2.3%; Normal 6.1%; Overweight – 17.4%; Obese – 31.4%. This trend paralleled the rise in 24-hour urine creatinine across BMI groups.Conclusions and relevanceAbsolute eGFR more readily identifies early ORG compared to currently used formulae, which are adjusted to an archaic value of a BSA, not representative of current population BMI measures. The high proportion of underrepresented populations in this study accounts for the higher-than-expected obesity rates and should raise awareness for missed opportunities for screening, early diagnosis, and intervention particularly in young Black adults.Key pointsQuestionDo the currently recommended formulae estimating GFR reliably predict hyperfiltration due to Obesity Related Glomerulopathy (ORG)?FindingsRenal function in relation to BMI was evaluated in a cohort of 22,417 adolescents from the New York metropolitan. Serum creatinine values and BSA-standardized eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) were similar across BMI groups, and as a result, hyperfiltration rates were also similar. However, Absolute eGFR (mL/min) adjusted to individual BSA, created a positive trend across BMI groups similar to urine creatinine.MeaningAbsolute eGFR better reflects the prevalence of hyperfiltration due to Obesity Related Glomerulopathy providing an opportunity for early intervention and damage reversal.

New formula for predicting standard liver and spleen volumes in Chinese adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longbao Yang ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
Xinxing Tantai ◽  
Cailan Xiao ◽  
Caifeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Liver Volume ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Spleen Volume ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Volume Formula

Abstract BACKGROUNDThe liver volume and spleen volum are useful index for cirrhosis patients with esphageal varices. But the calculation of the volume is time-consuming and boring. To solve the problem, we successfully established the liver and spleen volume formula using the body surface area. We compared the liver volume formula with other four formulas, which be proved with highest accuracy and lowest error. Until now, except for the new spleen volume formula in the research, there are few reports about it.AIMTo obtain a reference range of morphological indices, and to establish a formula to accurately predict the standard liver and spleen volumes in Chinese adults.METHODSComputed tomography was used to calculate the estimated total liver volume and spleen volume of 305 Chinese adults without any diseases which could influence the volumes of these two organs. Gender, age, body height, body weight, body surface area and body mass index were determined. Correlation analysis and step-wise multiple linear regression analysis were performed to evaluate the impact of each parameter on the liver and spleen volumes, and then a formula to predict the liver and spleen volumes was established. Finally, the results obtained with the new liver volume formula with existing formulas in a validation group were compared.RESULTSThe average liver and spleen volume values were 1043.18 ± 244.60 cm3 and 175.07 ± 88.15 cm3, respectively. Age, body height, body weight, body surface area and body mass index were significantly correlated with liver and spleen volume. Body surface area showed the strongest correlation with liver volume and spleen volume( p<0.005 and p<0.001). Based on these results, new formulas to calculate the standard liver volume and standard spleen volume were established.CONCLUSIONSCompared the new liver volume formula with the existing formula, it is found that the new liver volume is more accurate. And the accuracy of the spleen volume formula is acceptable. Core tip: To solve the problem of time-consuming and boring in calculating the liver and spleen volume, we successfully established the liver and spleen volume formula can be used in Chinese adult. Though there are some reports about the liver volume, but it is different in spleen volume. The liver volume and spleen volume radio is an useful index to predict the esophageal varices and bleeding risk for cirrhosis patients. Only liver volume formula is not enough, the finding of the spleen volume is very meaningful.

Efficacy of body weight vs body surface area-based prednisolone regimen in nephrotic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 622-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswanath Basu ◽  
Suman Bhattacharyya ◽  
Shilpita Barua ◽  
Abhisek Naskar ◽  
Birendranath Roy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface

scholarly journals Impossibility of Comparing Data of Indexed Peritoneal Creatinine Clearance when Different Formulae of Body Surface Area are Used

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. poc.5000191
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Ruggieri
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Physiological Variable ◽  
Renal Clearances ◽  
Body Mass Indexes ◽  
Paired T Test

Background This study aimed to determine the differences arising form indexing a measured physiological variable by using different body surface area (BSA) estimation formulae. Methods The studied variables were the overall measured peritoneal creatinine clearance plus residual renal clearances (MeasCtCl) of 19 men and 23 women in a stable condition who were undergoing peritoneal dialysis and were a mean 55.7 ± 15.8 and 55.1 ± 14.1 years of age, respectively. The patients had comparable body mass indexes (BMIs; 25.01 ± 4.14 in men and 24.5 ± 3.46 in women). The MeasCtCls were indexed to 1.73 m2 using 5 formulae: by Du Bois, Boyd, Mosteller, Livingston and Yu. The numerical and percentage differences between the MeasCtCl values and each approach to indexation were calculated, as well as the differences between the indexations. Paired t-test and similarity percentage test were used to evaluate the significance of the differences. Results The impossibility of adequately comparing data indexed according to different BSA estimation formulae was shown, documenting a high risk of erroneous evaluations and conclusions. Conclusions Some methods to avoid these errors in clinical applications are suggested, as well as the possibility of indexing only to height.

Carbohydrate Metabolism of Hypophysectomized Dogs as Studied With Radioactive Glucose

1956 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Steele ◽  
J. S. Wall ◽  
R. C. de Bodo ◽  
N. Altszuler
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Minute Period ◽  
Endogenous Glucose ◽  
Low Rate

Minute amounts of uniformly labeled C14 glucose were administered intravenously to unanesthetized normal and hypophysectomized dogs, in the postabsorptive state, as an initial priming injection, followed by a constant infusion. From the observed specific activity of the plasma glucose during the 60–180-minute period of the constant infusion, the following parameters of carbohydrate metabolism were determined: a) the size of the glucose pool, b) the glucose space and c) the rate of turnover of the glucose pool. The rate of total CO2 production was also determined. The rate of total CO2 production, per square meter of body surface area, was found to be less in the hypophysectomized dog than in the normal one. The glucose pool, per kilogram body weight, was found to be smaller in the hypophysectomized dog than in the normal one. The glucose space, expressed as percentage of body weight, was found to be similar in the two types of animals. The rate of turnover of the glucose pool in the hypophysectomized dog, presented as grams glucose per square meter of body surface area per hour, was found to be less in the hypophysectomized dog than in the normal one. The low rate of glucose uptake by the tissues which was observed to prevail in the hypophysectomized dog is believed to reflect an adjustment in the secretion of insulin to conform to the limited availability of endogenous glucose which results from the removal of the pituitary gland.

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