Assessment of collateral venous flow using temporary clip placement at ICG videoangiography

PURPOSE: The objective was to quantify the venous redistribution during a 4-d dry immersion (DI) and evaluate the effect of thigh cuffs.METHODS: The study included nine control (Co) and nine subjects wearing thigh cuffs during the daytime (CU). Ultrasound measures were performed Pre-DI, on day 4 AM (D4 AM) and D4 PM: left ventricle stroke volume and ejection fraction (SV, EF), jugular vein volume (JVvol), portal vein diameter (PV), and middle cerebral vein velocity (MCVv). An additional measure of JVvol was performed on Day 1 after 2 h in DI.RESULTS: After 2 h in DI, JVvol increased significantly from Pre in both groups, but increased more in the Co compared to the CU subjects (Co: 0.27 0.15 cm3 to 0.94 0.22 cm3; CU: 0.32 0.13 cm3 to 0.64 0.32 cm3). At D4 AM, SV and EF decreased from Pre (SV: 111 23 cm3 to 93 24 cm3; EF: 0.66 0.07 to 0.62 0.07). JVvol was slightly increased (Co: 0.47 0.22 cm3 CU: 0.35 014 cm3). MCVv and PV remained unchanged from Pre-DI. No difference was found between the two groups for any of the parameters measured. From D4 AM to PM, no significant change was observed for any parameter.CONCLUSION: The results confirm that DI induces, during the first 2-3 h, a significant cephalic fluid shift as observed in spaceflight. During this early phase, the thigh cuffs reduced the amplitude of the fluid shift toward the head, but after 4 d in DI there was only a slight memory (residual) effect of DI on the jugular volume and no residual effect of the thigh cuffs.Arbeille P, Greaves D, Guillon L, Besnard S. Thigh cuff effects on venous flow redistribution during 4 days in dry immersion. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(9):697702.

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Effects of intermittent pneumatic compression on femoral vein peak venous velocity during active ankle exercise

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

10.1177/2309499021998105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 230949902199810

Author(s):

Kenta Sakai ◽

Naonobu Takahira ◽

Kouji Tsuda ◽

Akihiko Akamine

Keyword(s):

Femoral Vein ◽

Bed Rest ◽

Intermittent Pneumatic Compression ◽

Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽

Venous Flow ◽

Compression Phase ◽

Superficial Femoral Vein ◽

Inpatient Ward ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Strong Compression

Introduction: The risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is high even after the period of bed rest following major general surgery including total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Mobile intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) devices allow the application of IPC during postoperative exercise. Although ambulation included ankle movement, no reports have been made regarding the effects of IPC during exercise, including active ankle exercise (AAE), on venous flow. This study was performed to examine whether using a mobile IPC device can effectively augment the AAE-induced increase in peak velocity (PV). Methods: PV was measured by Doppler ultrasonography in the superficial femoral vein at rest, during AAE alone, during IPC alone, and during AAE with IPC in 20 healthy subjects in the sitting position. PV in AAE with IPC was measured with a mobile IPC device during AAE in the strong compression phase. AAE was interrupted from the end of the strong compression phase to minimize lower limb fatigue. Results: AAE with IPC (76.2 cm/s [95%CI, 69.0–83.4]) resulted in a significant increase in PV compared to either AAE or IPC alone (47.1 cm/s [95%CI, 38.7–55.6], p < 0.001 and 48.1 cm/s [95%CI, 43.7–52.4], p < 0.001, respectively). Discussion: Reduced calf muscle pump activity due to the decline in ambulation ability reduced venous flow. Therefore, use of a mobile IPC device during postoperative rehabilitation in hospital and activity including self-training in an inpatient ward may promote venous flow compared to postoperative exercise without IPC. Conclusion: Use of a mobile IPC device significantly increased the PV during AAE, and simultaneous AAE with IPC could be useful evidence for the prevention of DVT in clinical settings, including after TJA.

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Significantly enlarged varix in the free-loop of the umbilical cord during the second trimester

Case Reports in Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/crpm-2019-0006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akiko Kurasaki ◽

Junichi Hasegawa ◽

Natsumi Furuya ◽

Chika Homma ◽

Satoshi Harada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Umbilical Cord ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Umbilical Vein ◽

Second Trimester ◽

Venous Flow ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Neonatal Blood ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Venous Varix ◽

D Dimer

Abstract Objectives Umbilical cord varix is an abnormal dilatation of the umbilical vein. There are two types of umbilical venous varix, of which the free-loop type is extremely rare, and the prognosis and etiology are unclear. In this report, we present a case of a significantly enlarged varix in the free loop of the umbilical cord found in the second trimester. Case presentation Cesarean section was performed at 28 weeks’ gestation due to enlargement of the varix and rapidly increased umbilical venous velocity at the outlet of the varix. Neonatal blood tests revealed anemia and high concentrations of D-dimer, and they were considered to be due to clot formation inside the umbilical cord venous varix. The neonate received blood transfusion but other neonatal course was generally favorable. Thrombus formation in the enlarged varix was due to the constriction of the umbilical cord. Conclusions This case showed that the assessment of umbilical venous flow velocity can be used for estimating the constriction of the umbilical vein and for determining the timing of delivery.

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