Abstract
Back Ground
Hypertension and its cardiovascular complications as myocardial infarction are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Reperfusion strategies are the current standard therapy but they result in cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury. Stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy and showed many beneficial effects in different medical disorders as reno-vascular hypertension.
Aim of Work
To assess the possible protective effects of bone marrow derived mesemchymal stem cells treatment on ischemic/reperfused hearts in hypertensive rats.
Materials & Methods
49 adult female Wistar albino rats, were allocated into three main groups: control group, hypertensive untreated (Ht-u) group and hypertensive stem cells (Ht-SCs) treated group. Body weight, arterial blood pressure, ECG recording, isolated heart study with exposure to ischemia reperfusion injury and fluorescence imaging of labeled MSCs in the heart, aorta and liver were performed. Plasma lipid profile, nitric oxide, MDA and SOD levels and cardiac MDA and SOD levels were estimated. Cardiac tissues were weighed. Heart, aorta and liver were histopathologically assessed.
Results
Ht-SCs treated group demonstrated significant increase in body weight gain %, significant decrease in R voltage, SBP, DBP and MAP sixth week values compared to HT-u group, with DBP and MAP showing non-significance from the control. Significant increase in heart rate basal and all reperfusion values and non-significant increase in basal PT/LVW were detected compared to HT-u group. Basal TPT and HRT were significantly shortened and MFR/LVW was significantly increased than HT-u group, being non-significantly changed from the control denoting systolic and diastolic function improvement.TPT and HRT prolongation and MFR/LVW decrease after IR injury was significantly lower in HT-SC group than HT-u group. This was accompanied by significant decrease in atherogenic index, plasma and cardiac MDA and significant increase in plasma nitrites, SOD and cardiac SOD. BM-MScs were detected in cardiac and aortic tissues.
Conclusion
Single injection of BM-MScs exerted anti-hypertensive and anti-hypertrophic effects, reduced systolic and diastolic dysfunction after ischemia reperfusion injury and improved coronary flow in hypertensive rats, through homing into aortic tissues mitigating endothelial dysfunction and exerting angiogenic effects and homing into cardiac tissues exerting anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
The Impact of High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein (HMGB1) on Renal Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury in Male and Female Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR)
