Recommendations for the classification of group A rotaviruses using all 11 genomic RNA segments

Group A rotaviruses are the main cause of acute gastroenteritis in children throughout the world. The two outer capsid proteins, VP4 and VP7, define the P and G genotypes, respectively. Rotaviruses with P[8]G1, P[4]G2, P[8]G3 and P[8]G4 genotypes are predominant in infecting humans and the G9 genotype is emerging in most continents as the fifth most common G type worldwide. The inner capsid protein VP6 is responsible for subgroup (SG) specificities, allowing classification of rotaviruses into SG I, SG II, SG I+II and SG non-I-non-II. The non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) encoded by segment 10 has a role in viral morphogenesis and five genetic groups have been described, NSP4 genotypes A–E. The aim of this investigation was to characterize the NSP4 and VP6 genes of rotavirus strains recovered from hospitalized children. Thirty rotavirus strains were submitted to RT-PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Among the different G and P genotype combinations, two distinct genetic groups could be recognized for the NSP4 gene. Twenty-eight clustered with NSP4 genotype B. The two P[4]G2 strains fell into NSP4 genotype A and clustered distinctly, with a 100 % bootstrap value. The strains distinguished within a group were closely related to each other at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. A phylogenetic tree was constructed for the VP6 gene including the human strains RMC100, E210, Wa, US1205 and 1076, and the animal strains Gott, NCDV, SA-11, FI-14 and EW. This is the first report on Brazilian rotavirus strains describing NSP4 genotype A strains associated with VP6 SG I, and NSP4 genotype B strains associated with VP6 SG II.

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RotaC: A web-based tool for the complete genome classification of group A rotaviruses

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/1471-2180-9-238 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 238 ◽

Cited By ~ 297

Author(s):

Piet Maes ◽

Jelle Matthijnssens ◽

Mustafizur Rahman ◽

Marc Van Ranst

Keyword(s):

Complete Genome ◽

Web Based ◽

Group A Rotaviruses ◽

Group A

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Rotaviruses and Rotavirus Vaccines

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10080959 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 959

Author(s):

Celeste M. Donato ◽

Julie E. Bines

Keyword(s):

Capsid Proteins ◽

Virus Family ◽

Rotavirus Vaccines ◽

Group A Rotaviruses ◽

Group A ◽

Outer Capsid

Group A rotaviruses belong to the Reoviridae virus family and are classified into G and P genotypes based on the outer capsid proteins VP7 and VP4, respectively [...]

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A Survey of G6 and G10 Serotypes of Group a Bovine Rotaviruses from Diarrheic Beef and Dairy Calves using Monoclonal Antibodies in ELISA

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063879400600207 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 175-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

A. Lucchelli ◽

S. Y. Kang ◽

M. K. Jayasekera ◽

A. V. Parwani ◽

D. H. Zeman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

South Dakota ◽

Dairy Herd ◽

Dairy Calves ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Positive Stool ◽

Field Samples ◽

Group A Rotaviruses ◽

Beef Herds ◽

Group A

Group A bovine rotaviruses (BRV) have been identified worldwide as a major cause of diarrhea in the young of many species, including humans. Group A rotaviruses are classified into serotypes on the basis of the outer capsid proteins, VP7 (G types) and VP4 (P types). To date, there are 14 G types of group A rotaviruses, with G1, G6, G8, and G10 described for BRV isolates. In this study, G6- and G lo-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the G typing of BRV-positive stool samples from diarrheic beef and dairy calves from South Dakota, Ohio, Michigan, Nebraska, and Washington, USA, and Ontario, Canada. ELISA plates were coated using a broadly reactive VP7 MAb (Common 60) or with G6- or G10-specific MAbs. BRV-positive fecal samples were diluted and added to duplicate wells, followed by the addition of polyclonal guinea pig anti-group A rotavirus serum as the secondary antibody. Several reference G6 and G10 BRV strains as well as other G types previously reported in cattle (G1, G2, G3, G8) and BRV-negative samples were included as G type specificity and negative controls. From a total of 308 field samples analyzed, 79% (244/308) tested positive by the broadly reactive VP7 MAb; of these, 54% (131/244) were G6 positive, 14% (35/244) were G10 positive, 4% (9/244) were both G6 and G10 positive, and 28% (69/244) were G6 and G10 negative. The negative samples may represent additional or undefined serotypes. The 89 samples from South Dakota were further subdivided into samples from beef ( n = 43) or dairy ( n = 46) herds. G6 was more prevalent in beef herd samples (67%) than in dairy herd samples (47.5%). In addition, dairy herds had higher percentages of G10-positive samples (17.5%) G6-G10 double positives (10%), and untypable samples (25%) than did beef herds, in which the prevalence of G10 positive samples was 5.5%, G6-G10 double positives was 5.5%, and untypable samples was 22%. Application of the serotype ELISA for the analysis of additional BRV samples will provide further epidemiologic data on the distribution of BRV serotypes in beef or dairy cattle, an important consideration for the development of improved BRV vaccines.

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Classification of weak variants of blood-group A

Revue Fran&#xE7 aise de Transfusion et Immuno-h&#xE9 matologie ◽

10.1016/s0338-4535(76)80086-4 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 25-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B MOORE

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Blood Group A ◽

Group A

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Electropherotypes and G-Types of Group A Rotaviruses Detected in Children with Diarrhea in Lagos, Nigeria

ISRN Virology ◽

10.5402/2013/179871 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Christianah Idowu Ayolabi ◽

David Ajiboye Ojo ◽

George Enyimah Armah

Keyword(s):

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Migration Pattern ◽

Genomic Diversity ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Group A Rotaviruses ◽

Group A ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Health Care Centers ◽

Virus Isolates

Approximately over 500,000 children die annually due to severe dehydrating diarrhea caused by rotaviruses. This work investigated rotavirus infection among children less than 5 years with diarrhea in Lagos and determined the circulating electropherotypes and genotypes of the virus isolates. Three hundred and two (n=302) stool samples from children below 60 months were collected from different hospitals and health care centers in Lagos and subjected to enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to determine the presence of Group A rotavirus, RT-PCR to determine the G-types, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to determine the electropherotypes. The results show that 60.3% of the samples showed distinct rotavirus RNA migration pattern, having long electropherotypes (55.3%) of seven variations dominating over the short electropherotypes (44.5%). Six different G-types were detected (G1, G2, G3, G4, G9, and G12). Serotypes G1 and G12 showed long electropherotypic pattern while G2, G3, and G9 exhibited either short or long electropherotype. All G4 detected show short electropherotypic pattern. In conclusion, information on the genomic diversity and RNA electropherotypes of rotaviruses detected in children with diarrhea in Lagos is reported in this study.

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Survey of Human Group C Rotaviruses in Japan during the Winter of 1992 to 1993

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.36.1.6-10.1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Mitsutaka Kuzuya ◽

Ritsushi Fujii ◽

Masako Hamano ◽

Masao Yamada ◽

Kuniko Shinozaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Blot Hybridization ◽

Human Group ◽

Dot Blot ◽

Passive Hemagglutination ◽

Group A Rotaviruses ◽

Group A ◽

Outer Capsid ◽

Very High ◽

Vp7 Gene

Fecal specimens from patients with acute diarrhea were collected from 10 prefectures in Japan over a 6-month period (November 1992 to April 1993), and the specimens that were negative for human group A rotaviruses were screened for the presence of human group C rotaviruses (CHRVs) by the reverse passive hemagglutination test. Of 784 specimens examined, 53 samples (6.8%) that were collected in 7 of 10 prefectures were positive for CHRV, indicating that CHRVs are widely distributed across Japan. Most of the CHRV isolates were detected in March and April, and CHRVs mainly prevailed in children ages 3 to 8 years. The genome electropherotypes of eight strains isolated in five individual prefectures were surprisingly similar to each other and were different from those of CHRV strains isolated to date. The outer capsid glycoprotein (VP7) gene homologies of the isolates retrieved in 1993 were subsequently analyzed by the dot blot hybridization method. As a result, the VP7 genes of the isolates revealed very high levels of homology not only with each other but also with the VP7 gene of the OK118 strain isolated in 1988. These results suggest that a large-scale outbreak of CHRV occurred during the winter of 1992 and 1993 in Japan.

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Ground beetles (Carabidae) from slopes of Macošská stráň and Vilémovická stráň (Protected landscape area of Moravský kras, Czech Republic)

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201159030143 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 143-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jana Niedobová ◽

Vladimír Hula ◽

Pavla Šťastná

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Endangered Species ◽

Threatened Species ◽

Ground Beetles ◽

Red List ◽

The Other ◽

Pitfall Traps ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Group A

Collecting of Carabidae was conducted using pitfall traps at four sites. The first two sites (T1 + T2) were at the slope of Macošská stráň and the other two sites (T3 + T4) at the slope of Vilémovická stráň. The study was done in 2008 and 2009. At Macošská stráň in 2008, 21 species of Carabidae with the total number of 228 individuals were found and in 2009, 18 species of the total number of 116 specimens were collected. At Vilémovická stráň in 2008, 22 species of Carabidae with the total number of 1977 specimens were found and in 2009, 21 species of the total number of 623 specimens were caught. In terms of classification of relictness, Macošská stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of adaptable group A (60%), species of eurytop group (E) were represented by 35% and of relic group (R) by 5%. In 2009, the same representation of species of groups A and E (47%) were found and the species of group R were represented by 6%. Vilémovická stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of group A (52%), species of group E were represented by 43% and of group R by 5%. In 2009 also dominated species of group A (54%), species of group E were represented by 41% and of group R by 5%. In the studied area we reported four endangered species of Carabidae protected by Law (No. 395/1992 Coll.) as amended, these were Calosoma auropunctatum (critically endangered), Brachinus crepitans, Carabus ullrichii and Cicindela campestris (endangered) and two species listed under the Red List of Threatened Species of the Czech Republic (Veselý et al., 2005). One of the species is listed as vulnerable (Calosoma auropunctatum) and one as near endangered (Carabus cancellatus). Another significant species found on the monitored sites was Aptinus bombarda.

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Suspected zoonotic transmission of rotavirus group A in Danish adults

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268811001981 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 140 (6) ◽

pp. 1013-1017 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

S. E. MIDGLEY ◽

C. K. HJULSAGER ◽

L. E. LARSEN ◽

G. FALKENHORST ◽

B. BÖTTIGER

Keyword(s):

Genetic Relatedness ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Nucleotide Sequences ◽

Zoonotic Transmission ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Epidemiological Features ◽

Group A Rotaviruses ◽

Group A ◽

Stool Samples

SUMMARYGroup A rotaviruses infect humans and a variety of animals. In July 2006 a rare rotavirus strain with G8P[14] specificity was identified in the stool samples of two adult patients with diarrheoa, who lived in the same geographical area in Denmark. Nucleotide sequences of the VP7, VP4, VP6, and NSP4 genes of the identified strains were identical. Phylogenetic analyses showed that both Danish G8P[14] strains clustered with rotaviruses of animal, mainly, bovine and caprine, origin. The high genetic relatedness to animal rotaviruses and the atypical epidemiological features suggest that these human G8P[14] strains were acquired through direct zoonotic transmission events.

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