scholarly journals Suspected zoonotic transmission of rotavirus group A in Danish adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. MIDGLEY ◽  
C. K. HJULSAGER ◽  
L. E. LARSEN ◽  
G. FALKENHORST ◽  
B. BÖTTIGER
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples

SUMMARYGroup A rotaviruses infect humans and a variety of animals. In July 2006 a rare rotavirus strain with G8P[14] specificity was identified in the stool samples of two adult patients with diarrheoa, who lived in the same geographical area in Denmark. Nucleotide sequences of the VP7, VP4, VP6, and NSP4 genes of the identified strains were identical. Phylogenetic analyses showed that both Danish G8P[14] strains clustered with rotaviruses of animal, mainly, bovine and caprine, origin. The high genetic relatedness to animal rotaviruses and the atypical epidemiological features suggest that these human G8P[14] strains were acquired through direct zoonotic transmission events.

scholarly journals Human, porcine and bovine rotaviruses in Slovenia: evidence of interspecies transmission and genome reassortment

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 1690-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Steyer ◽  
Mateja Poljšak-Prijatelj ◽  
Darja Barlič-Maganja ◽  
Jožica Marin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Genotype Combination ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Genome Reassortment

A surveillance of human, porcine and bovine rotaviruses was carried out in Slovenia in 2004 and 2005. Stool samples were collected from a total of 406 pigs (373 from asymptomatic animals), 132 cattle (126 from asymptomatic animals) and 241 humans (all with diarrhoea), tested for group A rotaviruses using RT-PCR and analysed by sequencing. The aims of the study were to determine the incidence of asymptomatic rotavirus infection in animals, to look for evidence of zoonotic transmission and to detect reassortment among rotaviruses. The rates of asymptomatic shedding of rotaviruses in pigs and cattle were 18.0 % (67/373) and 4.0 % (5/126), respectively. Evidence for zoonotic transmission was detected in one human rotavirus strain, SI-MB6, with the G3P[6] genotype combination, as the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the VP6, VP7, VP8* and NSP4 genes of strain SI-MB6 and of porcine strains showed high nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity. Two porcine rotavirus strains carried VP7 of probable human origin, suggesting an interspecies reassortment event in the past.

scholarly journals Electropherotypes and G-Types of Group A Rotaviruses Detected in Children with Diarrhea in Lagos, Nigeria

ISRN Virology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christianah Idowu Ayolabi ◽  
David Ajiboye Ojo ◽  
George Enyimah Armah
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Migration Pattern ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Health Care Centers ◽  
Virus Isolates

Approximately over 500,000 children die annually due to severe dehydrating diarrhea caused by rotaviruses. This work investigated rotavirus infection among children less than 5 years with diarrhea in Lagos and determined the circulating electropherotypes and genotypes of the virus isolates. Three hundred and two (n=302) stool samples from children below 60 months were collected from different hospitals and health care centers in Lagos and subjected to enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to determine the presence of Group A rotavirus, RT-PCR to determine the G-types, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to determine the electropherotypes. The results show that 60.3% of the samples showed distinct rotavirus RNA migration pattern, having long electropherotypes (55.3%) of seven variations dominating over the short electropherotypes (44.5%). Six different G-types were detected (G1, G2, G3, G4, G9, and G12). Serotypes G1 and G12 showed long electropherotypic pattern while G2, G3, and G9 exhibited either short or long electropherotype. All G4 detected show short electropherotypic pattern. In conclusion, information on the genomic diversity and RNA electropherotypes of rotaviruses detected in children with diarrhea in Lagos is reported in this study.

Evaluation of Immunochromatographic Test for Dual Detection of Noroviruses and Group A Rotaviruses in Stool Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (05/2018) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattara Khamrin ◽  
Kattareeya Kumthip ◽  
Aksara Thongprachum ◽  
Sayaka Takanashi ◽  
Shoko Okitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dual Detection ◽  
Stool Samples

scholarly journals Unbiased whole-genome deep sequencing of human and porcine stool samples reveals circulation of multiple groups of rotaviruses and a putative zoonotic infection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
My VT Phan ◽  
Pham Hong Anh ◽  
Nguyen Van Cuong ◽  
Bas B. Oude Munnink ◽  
Lia van der Hoek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Virus Diversity ◽  
Genotype Constellation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Group B

AbstractCoordinated and synchronous virological surveillance for zoonotic viruses in both human clinical cases and animal reservoirs provides an opportunity to identify interspecies virus movement. Rotavirus is an important cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans and animals. We have documented the rotavirus diversity within co-located humans and animals sampled from the Mekong delta region of Vietnam using a primer-independent, agnostic, deep sequencing approach. A total of 296 stool samples (146 from diarrhoeal human patients and 150 from pigs living in the same geographical region) were directly sequenced, generating the genomic sequences of 60 human rotaviruses (all group A) and 31 porcine rotaviruses (13 group A, 7 group B, 6 group C and 5 group H). Phylogenetic analyses showed the co-circulation of multiple distinct rotavirus group A (RVA) genotypes/strains, many of which were divergent from the strain components of licensed RVA vaccines, as well as considerable virus diversity in pigs including full genomes of rotaviruses in groups B, C and H, none of which have been previously reported in Vietnam. Furthermore the detection of an atypical RVA genotype constellation (G4-P[6]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T7-E1-H1) in a human patient and a pig from the same region provides some evidence for a zoonotic event

scholarly journals Co-Infection by Waterborne Enteric Viruses in Children with Gastroenteritis in Nepal

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmila Tandukar ◽  
Jeevan Sherchand ◽  
Surendra Karki ◽  
Bikash Malla ◽  
Rajani Ghaju Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Enteric Virus ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples

Enteric viruses are highly contagious and a major cause of waterborne gastroenteritis in children younger than five years of age in developing world. This study examined the prevalence of enteric virus infection in children with gastroenteritis to identify risk factors for co-infections. In total, 107 stool samples were collected from patients with acute gastroenteritis along with samples of their household drinking water and other possible contamination sources, such as food and hand. The presence of major gastroenteritis-causing enteric virus species (group A rotaviruses, enteroviruses, adenoviruses, and noroviruses of genogroup I) in stool and water samples was examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Among the 107 stool samples tested, 103 (96%) samples contained at least one of the four tested enteric viruses, and the combination of group A rotaviruses and enteroviruses was the most common co-infection (52%, n = 54/103). At least one viral agent was detected in 16 (16%) of 103 drinking water samples. Identical enteric viruses were detected in both the stool and water samples taken from the same patients in 13% of cases (n = 13/103). Group A rotaviruses were most frequently found in children suffering from acute diarrhea. No socio-demographic and clinical factors were associated with the risk of co-infection compared with mono-infection. These less commonly diagnosed viral etiological agents in hospitals are highly prevalent in patients with acute gastroenteritis.

scholarly journals Detection and molecular characterization of reassortant DS-1-like G1P [8] strains of rotavirus A

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
O. V. Morozova ◽  
T. A. Sashina ◽  
N. A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
First Time

Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are the main cause of viral gastroenteritis in children worldwide. In this study we provide the molecular characteristics of reassortant DS-1-like G1P[8] RVA strains detected in Russia for the first time. Previously, such reassortant strains were detected in Japan and Thailand. The G1P[8] RVAs with DS-1-like short electropherotype RNA-PAGE were isolated from children hospitalised with an acute gastroenteritis during the 2013-2014 period. The DS-1-like G1P[8] strains accounted for 2.6% of all RVA strains detected continuously throughout the season. A phylogenetic analysis was made on the basis of the established nucleotide sequences of genes VP7, VP8* (VP4), VP6 and NSP4. The Nizhny Novgorod strains belong to G1-I and G1-II alleles of VP7 gene and to P[8]-3 allele of VP4. According to their VP6 sequences, two Russian samples clustered with the reassortant strains isolated in Japan, Thailand and Australia and two other strains were phylogenetically close to the typical G2P[4] DS-1-like RVA. Nucleotide sequences of G1P[8] strains that belong to NSP4 gene form a separate cluster from G3P[8] DS-1-like rotaviruses detected in Thailand and Australia. The RVA alleles included in Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccine strains were clustered separately from the studied reassortant RVAs. On the grounds of phylogenetic analysis we assume a polyphyletic origin of reassortants between Wa- and DS-1-like strains. Mutation rates evaluated by Bayesian inference in clusters with reassortant RVA strains were 1.004Е-3 (VP7), 1.227E-3 (VP4), 3.909E-4 (VP6), and 4.014Е-4 (NSP4). Analysis of tMRCA showed relatively contemporary origin of alleles DS-1-like G1P[8] rotaviruses: VP7 - 1998 (G1-I) and 1981 (G1-II), VP4 - 1998, VP6 - 1994, NSP4 - 1979.

scholarly journals Bovine coronavirus detection in a collection of diarrheic stool samples positive for group a bovine rotavirus

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (spe) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Fernandes Barry ◽  
Alice Fernandes Alfieri ◽  
Danilo Tancler Stipp ◽  
Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bovine Coronavirus ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Nucleoprotein Gene ◽  
Bovine Rotavirus ◽  
Unusual Event ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Viral Etiologies

Neonatal diarrhea is an important cause of economic losses for cattle farmers. The main viral etiologies of enteric diseases are group A rotaviruses (GARV) and the bovine coronavirus (BCoV). Although both viruses infect calves of the same age, the occurrence of mixed infections is still under studied. The present study describes the co-infection of BCoV and GARV in stool samples. Forty-four diarrheic fecal samples from calves up to 60 days old that had previously tested positive for GARV by SS-PAGE were analyzed using semi-nested PCR for BCoV. A product with 251 bp of the BCoV nucleoprotein gene was amplified in 15.9% (7/44) of the samples, demonstrating that co-infection is not an unusual event. These results reinforce the need for testing for both GARV and BCoV, even in fecal samples that previously tested positive for one virus.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Distribution of Rotavirus Genotypes Among Children With Acute Gastroenteritis in Areas Other Than Java Island, Indonesia, 2016–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rury Mega Wahyuni ◽  
Takako Utsumi ◽  
Zayyin Dinana ◽  
Laura Navika Yamani ◽  
Juniastuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, which is often associated with severe symptoms in children under 5 years old. Genetic reassortments and interspecies transmission commonly occur, resulting in a great diversity of RVA circulating in the world. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and distribution of RVA genotypes among children in Indonesia over the years 2016–2018 across representative areas of the country. Stool samples were collected from 202 pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in three regions of Indonesia (West Nusa Tenggara, South Sumatra, and West Papua) in 2016–2018. Rotavirus G and P genotypes were determined by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and direct sequencing analysis. The prevalences of RVA in South Sumatra (55.4%) and West Papua (54.0%) were significantly higher than that in East Java (31.7%) as determined in our previous study. The prevalence in West Nusa Tenggara (42.6%) was the lowest among three regions, but higher than that in East Java. Interestingly, equine-like G3 rotavirus strains were found as predominant strains in South Sumatra in 2016 and in West Papua in 2017–2018. Moreover, the equine-like G3 strains in South Sumatra detected in 2016 were completely replaced by human G1 and G2 in 2018. In conclusion, RVA infection in South Sumatra and West Papua was highly endemic. Equine-like G3 strains were also spread to South Sumatra (West Indonesia) and West Papua (East Indonesia), as well as Java Island. Dynamic change in rotavirus genotypes from equine-like G3 to human genotypes was also observed. Continuous monitoring may be warranted in isolated areas in Indonesia.

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