Nitrate pollution from agriculture in different hydrogeological zones of the regional groundwater flow system in the North China Plain

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyao Chen ◽  
Changyuan Tang ◽  
Yasuo Sakura ◽  
Jingjie Yu ◽  
Yoshihiro Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Groundwater Flow System ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Regional Groundwater

scholarly journals Summertime fine particulate nitrate pollution in the North China Plain: Increasing trends, formation mechanisms, and implications for control policy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wen ◽  
Likun Xue ◽  
Xinfeng Wang ◽  
Caihong Xu ◽  
Tianshu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Nitrate Aerosol

Abstract. Nitrate aerosol composes a significant fraction of fine particles and plays a key role in regional air quality and climate. To obtain a holistic understanding of the nitrate pollution and its formation mechanisms over the North China Plain (NCP) – the most industrialized and polluted region in northern China, intensive field observations were conducted at three sites during summertime in 2014–2015. The measurement sites include the downtown and downwind of Ji'nan, the capital city of Shandong Province, as well as the peak of NCP – Mt. Tai (1534 m a.s.l.), and hence cover representative urban, rural and remote areas of the region. Elevated nitrate concentrations were observed at all three sites despite distinct temporal and spatial variations. The nitrate / PM2.5 and nitrate / sulfate ratios have significantly increased in Ji'nan (2005–2015) and at Mt. Tai (from 2007 to 2014), indicating the worsening situation of regional nitrate pollution. A multi-phase chemical box model (RACM/CAPRAM) was deployed and constrained by observations to elucidate the nitrate formation mechanisms. The principal formation route is the partitioning of gaseous HNO3 to aerosol phase at daytime, whilst the nocturnal nitrate formation is dominated by the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5. The daytime nitrate production in the NCP region is mainly limited by the availability of NO2 and to a lesser extent O3 and NH3, and the nighttime formation is controlled by both NO2 and O3. NH3 prompts significantly the nitrate formation at daytime but plays a slightly negative role in the nighttime. Our analyses suggest that controlling NOx and O3 is an efficient way at the moment to mitigate nitrate pollution in the NCP region, where NH3 is usually in excess in summer. This study provides observational evidence of rising trend of nitrate aerosol as well as scientific support for formulating effective control strategies for regional haze in China.

Spatial geochemical and isotopic characteristics associated with groundwater flow in the North China Plain

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 3133-3146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyao Chen ◽  
Changyuan Tang ◽  
Yasuo Sakura ◽  
Akihiko Kondoh ◽  
Jingjie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain

scholarly journals Summertime fine particulate nitrate pollution in the North China Plain: increasing trends, formation mechanisms and implications for control policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 11261-11275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wen ◽  
Likun Xue ◽  
Xinfeng Wang ◽  
Caihong Xu ◽  
Tianshu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Nitrate Aerosol

Abstract. Nitrate aerosol makes up a significant fraction of fine particles and plays a key role in regional air quality and climate. The North China Plain (NCP) is one of the most industrialized and polluted regions in China. To obtain a holistic understanding of the nitrate pollution and its formation mechanisms over the NCP region, intensive field observations were conducted at three sites during summertime in 2014–2015. The measurement sites include an urban site in downtown Jinan – the capital city of Shandong Province –, a rural site downwind of Jinan city, and a remote mountain site at Mt. Tai (1534 m a.s.l.). Elevated nitrate concentrations were observed at all three sites despite distinct temporal and spatial variations. Using historical observations, the nitrate ∕ PM2.5 and nitrate ∕ sulfate ratios have statistically significantly increased in Jinan (2005–2015) and at Mt. Tai (from 2007 to 2014), indicating the worsening situation of regional nitrate pollution. A multiphase chemical box model (RACM–CAPRAM) was deployed and constrained by observations to elucidate the nitrate formation mechanisms. The principal formation route is the partitioning of gaseous HNO3 to the aerosol phase during the day, whilst the nocturnal nitrate formation is dominated by the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5. The daytime nitrate production in the NCP region is mainly limited by the availability of NO2 and to a lesser extent by O3 and NH3. In comparison, the nighttime formation is controlled by both NO2 and O3. The presence of NH3 contributes to the formation of nitrate aerosol during the day, while there is slightly decreasing nitrate formation at night. Our analyses suggest that controlling NOx and O3 is an efficient way, at the moment, to mitigate nitrate pollution in the NCP region, where NH3 is usually in excess in summer. This study provides observational evidence of a rising trend of nitrate aerosol as well as scientific support for formulating effective control strategies for regional haze in China.

Parallel simulation of groundwater flow in the North China Plain

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tangpei Cheng ◽  
Jingli Shao ◽  
Yali Cui ◽  
Zeyao Mo ◽  
Zhong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Parallel Simulation ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain
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