Three-dimensional configuration and dynamics of the fresh–saline water interface near two saline lakes with different levels (Middle East)

The adiabatic three-dimensional potential energy surface and the corresponding dipole moment surface describing the ground electronic state of HN2+ (Χ1Σ+) are calculated at different levels of ab initio theory. The calculations cover the entire bound part of the potential up to its lowest dissociation channel including the isomerization barrier. Energies of all bound vibrational and low-lying ro-vibrational levels are determined in a fully variational procedure using the Suttcliffe-Tennyson Hamiltonian for triatomic molecules. They are in close agreement with the available experimental numbers. From the dipole moment function effective dipoles and transition moments are obtained for all the calculated vibrational and ro-vibrational states. Statistical tools such as the density of states or the nearest-neighbor level spacing distribution (NNSD) are applied to describe and analyse general patterns and characteristics of the energy and dipole results calculated for the massively large number of states of the strongly bound HN2+ ion and its deuterated isotopomer.

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Diffusion characteristics of air pockets on hydrophobic surfaces in channel flow: Three-dimensional measurement of air-water interface

Physical Review Fluids ◽

10.1103/physrevfluids.4.074001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hyunseok Kim ◽

Hyungmin Park

Keyword(s):

Channel Flow ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Water Interface ◽

Hydrophobic Surfaces ◽

Dimensional Measurement ◽

Diffusion Characteristics ◽

Air Water Interface ◽

Three Dimensional Measurement ◽

Air Pockets

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Improvement on Permeability of Cyclic Peptide/Peptidomimetic: Backbone N-Methylation as A Useful Tool

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19060311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 311

Author(s):

Yang Li ◽

Wang Li ◽

Zhengshuang Xu

Keyword(s):

Cyclic Peptides ◽

Cyclic Peptide ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Conformational Space ◽

Cell Permeability ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Intrinsic Properties ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Synthetic Methodologies ◽

Three Dimensional Configuration

Peptides have a three-dimensional configuration that can adopt particular conformations for binding to proteins, which are well suited to interact with larger contact surface areas on target proteins. However, low cell permeability is a major challenge in the development of peptide-related drugs. In recent years, backbone N-methylation has been a useful tool for manipulating the permeability of cyclic peptides/peptidomimetics. Backbone N-methylation permits the adjustment of molecule’s conformational space. Several pathways are involved in the drug absorption pathway; the relative importance of each N-methylation to total permeation is likely to differ with intrinsic properties of cyclic peptide/peptidomimetic. Recent studies on the permeability of cyclic peptides/peptidomimetics using the backbone N-methylation strategy and synthetic methodologies will be presented in this review.

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Middle East Refugees' Crisis: Europeans' Three Dimensional Approaches

Policy Perspectives ◽

10.13169/polipers.13.2.0063 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bakare Najimdeen

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Three Dimensional

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EFFECT OF ABRASIVE TYPE ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND MRR IN MAF OF AISI 304 STEEL

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x21501225 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

MAHMUT ÇELIK ◽

HAKAN GÜRÜN ◽

ULAŞ ÇAYDAŞ

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Steel Plates ◽

304 Stainless Steel ◽

Average Surface Roughness ◽

Machining Time ◽

Aisi 304 ◽

Average Surface ◽

Different Levels

In this study, the effects of experimental parameters on average surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) were experimentally investigated by machining of AISI 304 stainless steel plates by magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) method. In the study in which three different abrasive types were used (Al2O3, B4C, SiC), the abrasive grain size was changed in two different levels (50 and 80[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m), while the machining time was changed in three different levels (30, 45, 60[Formula: see text]min). Surface roughness values of finished surfaces were measured by using three-dimensional (3D) optical surface profilometer and surface topographies were created. MRRs were measured with the help of precision scales. The abrasive particles’ condition before and after the MAF process was examined and compared using a scanning electron microscope. As a result of the study, the surface roughness values of plates were reduced from 0.106[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m to 0.028[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m. It was determined that the best parameters in terms of average surface roughness were 60[Formula: see text]min machining time with 50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m B4C abrasives, while the best result in terms of MRR was taken in 30[Formula: see text]min with 50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m SiC abrasives.

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Preclinical Ultrasound-Guided Photoacoustic Imaging of the Placenta in Normal and Pathologic Pregnancy

Molecular Imaging ◽

10.1177/1536012118802721 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 153601211880272 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Liliya M. Yamaleyeva ◽

K. Bridget Brosnihan ◽

Lane M. Smith ◽

Yao Sun

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Early Identification ◽

Photoacoustic Imaging ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Preclinical Study ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Sensitive Tool ◽

Different Levels

Placental oxygenation varies throughout pregnancy. The detection of early changes in placental oxygenation as pregnancy progresses is important for early identification of preeclampsia or other complications. This invited commentary discusses a recent preclinical study on the application of 3-dimensional photoacoustic imaging (PAI) for assessment of regional variations in placental oxygenation and longitudinal analysis of differences in placental oxygenation throughout normal pregnancy and pregnancy associated with hypertension or placental insufficiency in mice. Three-dimensional PAI more accurately reflects oxygen saturation, hemoglobin concentrations, and changes in oxygen saturation in whole placenta compared to 2-dimensional imaging. These studies suggest that PAI is a sensitive tool to detect different levels of oxygen saturation in the placental and fetal vasculature in pathologic and normal pregnancy in mice.

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