The determination of the mineralogical alteration index and the investigation of the efficiency of the hydrothermal alteration on physico-mechanical properties in volcanic rocks from Köprülü, Afyonkarahisar, West Turkey

Zunyite [Ali3SÌ5C>2o(OH,F)i8CI], an extremely rare mineral, was found as an accessory mineral in highly altered rhyolitic rocks at Kefalos, southwestern Kos, and in a completely kaolinized rhyolitic dyke at Asfendiou, northeastern Kos. It is associated with dickite, kaolinite, quartz and minor pyrophyllite. Kos Island contains both Tertiary and Quaternary volcanic rocks. Zunyite has been identified by XRD and studied by SEM, EDS, Raman spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The presence of zunyite, in the highly altered samples is significant for the determination of the conditions of the hydrothermal alteration that took place. Zunyite crystals, are up to 90 pm in diameter but usually are less than 10 pm; the crystals are partly covered by kaolinite layers. EDX analyses on the surface of zunyite revealed AI2O3/S1O2 values raging from 2.6 to 2.7. The occurrence of zunyite suggests incorporation of hydrothermal fluids rich in F" and CI", thus indicating contamination by seawater

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Alteration of volcanic rocks and changes in physical-mechanical properties on the South-Kambalny thermal field (South Kamchatka)

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199808002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 08002

Author(s):

Julia Frolova ◽

Michael Chernov ◽

Sergey Rychagov ◽

Ruslan Kuznetsov ◽

Ksenia Surovtseva

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Hydrothermal Alteration ◽

Thermal Water ◽

Thermal Field ◽

Surface Deformation ◽

Volcanic Rocks ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

The South ◽

Research Project

The aim of this research project was to consider hydrothermal alteration of volcanic rocks and accompanying changes in their physical and mechanical properties on the thermal field of South Kamchatka. Under the influence of thermal water and steam original andesites and basaltic andesites gradually transform to clay-rich soils and then to opalites and secondary quartzites. The changes in the mineral composition, microstructure, and physical-mechanical properties of rocks and soils in the thermal field were studied. Argillic hydrothermal alteration has gradually decomposed andesites to weak clay-rich soils which form a cover above the field. Elevated sites on the thermal field are composed of opalites and monoquartzites. Progressive hydrothermal alteration of andesites and changes in their properties promotes a broad range of geological phenomena including initiation of landslides, migration of thermal manifestations, changes in relief, and surface deformation.

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Mechanical properties of young concrete - Part II: Determination of model parameters and test program proposals

Materials and Structures ◽

10.1617/13836 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 36 (258) ◽

pp. 226-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T. Kanstad

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Test Program ◽

Young Concrete ◽

Concrete Part

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Basic set of experiments for determination of mechanical properties of sand

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences ◽

10.2478/bpasts-2014-0015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 129-137

Author(s):

A. Sawicki ◽

J. Mierczyński

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Soil Mechanics ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Local Strain ◽

Initial State ◽

Laboratory Equipment ◽

Additional Information ◽

Basic Set ◽

Initial Anisotropy

Abstract A basic set of experiments for the determination of mechanical properties of sands is described. This includes the determination of basic physical and mechanical properties, as conventionally applied in soil mechanics, as well as some additional experiments, which provide further information on mechanical properties of granular soils. These additional experiments allow for determination of steady state and instability lines, stress-strain relations for isotropic loading and pure shearing, and simple cyclic shearing tests. Unconventional oedometric experiments are also presented. Necessary laboratory equipment is described, which includes a triaxial apparatus equipped with local strain gauges, an oedometer capable of measuring lateral stresses and a simple cyclic shearing apparatus. The above experiments provide additional information on soil’s properties, which is useful in studying the following phenomena: pre-failure deformations of sand including cyclic loading compaction, pore-pressure generation and liquefaction, both static and caused by cyclic loadings, the effect of sand initial anisotropy and various instabilities. An important feature of the experiments described is that they make it possible to determine the initial state of sand, defined as either contractive or dilative. Experimental results for the “Gdynia” model sand are shown.

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