The 2004 Sumatra earthquake and Indian Ocean tsunami: What happened and why?

A post-tsunami survey was conducted along the Myanmar coast two months after the 2004 Great Sumatra earthquake ( Mw=9.0) that occurred off the west coast of Sumatra and generated a devastating tsunami around the Indian Ocean. Visual observations, measurements, and a survey of local people's experiences with the tsunami indicated some reasons why less damage and fewer casualties occurred in Myanmar than in other countries around the Indian Ocean. The tide level at the measured sites was calibrated with reference to a real-time tsunami datum, and the tsunami tide level range was 2–3 m for 22 localities in Myanmar. The tsunami arrived three to four hours after the earthquake.

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CONSIDERATION ON REALITIES AND ISSUES OF SETTLEMENTS IN SOUTH WEST COAST OF SRI LANKA AFTER THE SUMATRA EARTHQUAKE AND INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI IN 2004 : From the view of continuation from the usual living environment

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) ◽

10.3130/aija.72.183_2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 72 (614) ◽

pp. 183-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Masahiro MAEDA ◽

Yusuke NAKAGAWA ◽

Kyouta YAMADA ◽

Shuji FUNO

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

West Coast ◽

Living Environment ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Sumatra Earthquake ◽

South West ◽

South West Coast

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Landscape Changes in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) after the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami

Earthquake Spectra ◽

10.1193/1.2206792 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 43-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Javed N. Malik ◽

C. V. R. Murty ◽

Durgesh C. Rai

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Built Environment ◽

Plate Tectonics ◽

Tsunami Wave ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Sumatra Earthquake ◽

Landscape Changes ◽

Andaman And Nicobar Islands ◽

Nicobar Islands ◽

Reconnaissance Surveys

Plate tectonics after the 26 December 2004 Great Sumatra earthquake resulted in major topological changes in the Andaman and Nicobar islands. Aerial and land reconnaissance surveys of those islands after the earthquake provide evidence of spectacular plate tectonics that took place during the earthquake. Initial submergence of the built environment and the subsequent inundation upon arrival of the tsunami wave, as well as emergence of the new beaches along the islands—particularly on the western rims of the islands and in the northern islands—are the major signatures of this Mw=9.3 event.

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Response and Recovery in India after the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami

Earthquake Spectra ◽

10.1193/1.2206137 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 731-758 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C. V. R. Murty ◽

Sudhir K. Jain ◽

Alpa R. Sheth ◽

Arvind Jaiswal ◽

Suresh R. Dash

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Sumatra Earthquake ◽

Andaman And Nicobar Islands ◽

2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Relief Work ◽

Response And Recovery ◽

Nicobar Islands ◽

The Government ◽

Rescue And Relief

The rescue and relief work undertaken in the Andaman and Nicobar islands and in mainland India after the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was massive. A number of new initiatives undertaken by the government and nongovernmental agencies were innovative and successful. Also, since the tsunami was not a typical disaster for India, it raised a number of new concerns related to reconstruction along the coast.

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Observed Reconstruction of Houses in Aceh Seven Months after the Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 2004

Earthquake Spectra ◽

10.1193/1.2211369 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 803-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Teddy Boen

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Natural Disasters ◽

Local Culture ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Sumatra Earthquake ◽

Modern History ◽

Earthquake Resistant ◽

The World ◽

Rescue And Relief ◽

Relief Efforts

The 26 December 2004 earthquake ( Mw=9.2) that shook Aceh and the subsequent tsunami catastrophe was one of the worst natural disasters in modern history. The world—governments and people—responded with unprecedented generosity in solidarity with the rescue and relief efforts of the affected communities and local and national authorities. This response has been very useful in reducing or mitigating the consequences of the disaster, and particularly in speeding the current recovery and reconstruction efforts. In the wake of the recovery and reconstruction of houses in Aceh, many NGOs and donors tried to introduce house types that defy the local culture with respect to earthquake-resistant houses and that also neglect social problems.

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