The Rao’s Brief Repeatable Battery version B: normative values with age, education and gender corrections in an Italian population

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Goretti ◽  
F. Patti ◽  
S. Cilia ◽  
F. Mattioli ◽  
C. Stampatori ◽  
...  
2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Amato ◽  
E Portaccio ◽  
B Goretti ◽  
V Zipoli ◽  
L Ricchiuti ◽  
...  

The Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB) is by far the most widely used instrument to estimate cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. However, the paucity of normative data currently limits its applicability. We administered the BRB to 200 healthy subjects to obtain normative values. Moreover, we assessed the influence of demographic factors on the test scores and calculated corrections for these relevant factors. To test executive functions not explored by the BRB, we also included the Stroop word-color task (ST). Higher educational level was associated with better performance on all the tests, except for the world list generation (WLG) and the ST, considering version A, and on Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and Selective Reminding Test-Delayed (SRT-D), considering version B. Females performed better than males on the WLG considering version A, and on the SRT-Long Term Storage (SRT-LTS) and SRT-Consistent Long Term Retrieval (SRT-CLTR) considering version B. Increasing age was associated with worse performance on the ST in version A, and on the SRT-LTS, SRT-CLTR and WLG in version B. Our data can improve the applicability of the BRB for both clinical and research purposes.


2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1369-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Obradovic ◽  
M. Petrovic ◽  
I. Antanasijevic ◽  
J. Marinkovic ◽  
T. Stojanovic ◽  
...  

BMC Neurology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Goretti ◽  
Claudia Niccolai ◽  
Bahia Hakiki ◽  
Andrea Sturchio ◽  
Monica Falautano ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Z Hu ◽  
GCW Man ◽  
KH Yeung ◽  
WH Cheung ◽  
WCW Chu ◽  
...  

To establish the age- and sex-related normative values of sagittal alignment in asymptomatic Chinese adults, and to investigate the changes and possible associated compensation mechanisms across age groups. 584 asymptomatic Chinese adults aged 20–89 years were recruited. Subjects were grouped according to age and gender. Whole-body standing radiographs were acquired for evaluating sagittal alignment from spine to lower limb. Sagittal parameters between gender in different age groups were compared via independent t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to demonstrate relationships between parameters. Thoracic kyphosis (TK) increased steadily while lumbar lordosis decreased gradually in both genders. Pelvic tilt (PT) in male is greater than in female across all age groups with age related gradual increase. There were significant differences between male and female from 20s to 60s in terms of knee flexion angle (KA) and ankle dorsiflexion angle (AA), but the differences were not significant after 60s. T1 pelvic angle (TPA) was significantly correlated with spinal, pelvic and lower-limb alignment. The older group (≥50 years) had a stronger correlation of TPA with PT and KA, whereas the younger (<50 years) had stronger correlation with TK. This study comprehensively presented the normative sagittal alignment based on a large asymptomatic population, which could serve as an age- and gender-specific reference value for spine surgeons when planning for correction surgery. Age can influence the recruitment of compensation mechanism that involve more pelvic and lower limb mechanisms for elderly people.


Author(s):  
Thomas Barker

As feature film has become mainstream entertainment again, it has coincided with the emergence of new forms of piety and religious practices amongst Indonesian Muslims. Beginning in 2008, a new kind of feature film with Islamic themes began to be made capturing these new modes and ideas of Islamic piety. Tracing the emergence and development of this genre, this chapter looks in depth at how polygamy is represented by culturally progressive filmmakers. To balance normative values around love and gender roles, the films take an anti-polygamy stance by showing the impossibility of polygamous marriage. Behind many Islamic themed films is the director Hanung Bramantyo who has emerged as the most commercially successful but also controversial directors making Islamic films today.


2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 975-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J.A.A.M. Hoeboer ◽  
G. Ongena ◽  
M. Krijger-Hombergen ◽  
E. Stolk ◽  
G.J.P. Savelsbergh ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy K Ferketich ◽  
Silvano Gallus ◽  
Nicholas Iacobelli ◽  
Piergiorgio Zuccaro ◽  
Paolo Colombo ◽  
...  

Aims and Background Although smoking has been on the decline in Italy, its prevalence is still high among younger individuals. We analyzed data from the 2007 tobacco survey and present the findings on smoking prevalence by selected characteristics, with a particular focus on the young. Methods The data were collected from 3,057 Italians aged 15 years and older in March and April 2007 who were randomly selected to be representative of the general Italian population. The prevalence of self-reported current smoking was estimated overall and by age group, education, geographic region, and gender. Additionally, intentions to quit and trends in smoking in the total population and among individuals aged 15–24 years were estimated. Results The smoking prevalence overall was 23.5% (27.9% among males and 19.3% among females), with higher estimates among adults living in central regions and among men with a lower educational level. Among individuals aged 15–24 years, since 2001 the male prevalence has fluctuated between 30% and 35% and the female prevalence between 20% and 25%. Overall, the prevalence decreased by approximately 40% in this age group. A small percentage (3.3%) reported having intention to quit smoking in the next 6 months. Conclusions The smoking prevalence is the lowest estimate reported since 1957, and the gap between men and women has diminished. Compared to earlier birth cohorts, the lower current estimate among younger adults suggests that the rates will decrease in the future.


2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1356-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Olaithe ◽  
Michael Weinborn ◽  
Talitha Lowndes ◽  
Amanda Ng ◽  
Erica Hodgson ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective Provide updated older adult (ages 60+) normative data for the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Form A, using regression techniques, and corrected for education, age, and gender. Method Participants (aged 60–93 years; N = 415) were recruited through the Healthy Ageing Research Program (HARP), University of Western Australia, and completed Form A of the RBANS as part of a wider neuropsychological test battery. Regression-based techniques were used to generate normative data rather than means-based methods. This methodology allows for the control of demographic variables using continuous data. To develop norms, the data were assessed for: (1) normality; (2) associations between each subtest score and age, education, and gender; (3) the effect of age, education, and gender on subtest scores; and (4) residual scores which were converted to percentile distributions. Results Differences were noted between the three samples, some of which were small and may not represent a clinically meaningful difference. Younger age, more years of education, and female gender were associated with better scores on most subtests. Frequency distributions, means, and standard deviations were produced using unstandardized residual scores to remove the effects of age, education, and gender. Conclusions These normative data expand upon past work by using regression-based techniques to generate norms, presenting percentiles, as well as means and standard deviations, correcting for the effect of gender, and providing a free-to-use Excel macro to calculate percentiles.


Author(s):  
Godson Emeka Anyanwu ◽  
Salome Nwaelom Ezeofor ◽  
Emmanuel Nebuwa Obikili ◽  
Ekene Valentine Ugbor

Background: Radiological identification is important in clinical, surgical and forensic medicine particularly in the absence of comparative deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) samples and fingerprints. Aim is to establish the morphometry of frontal sinus (FS), maxillary sinus (MS) and bizygomatic distance (BZD) and their relationship with age and gender in Igbos and Ogonis of Nigeria using computed tomography (CT). Methods: Head CT scans of 625 subjects (477 Igbos and 148 Ogonis) between 18 and 85 years, showing normal FS, MS and BZD, were measured using DICOM viewer software. The Igbos and Ogonis were 247 males and 230 females; 84 males and 64 females respectively. The height, width and depth of the sinuses, intermaxillary sinus distances (IMD) and BZD were measured in centimeters (cm). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and difference between groups was obtained using one way ANOVA. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean values for the right and left MS volume for the Igbos are 13.79 ±10.91 and 13.81±11.03 and for the Ogonis 20.84±5.83 and 20.19±5.59 cm respectively. All FS dimensions are higher in the Igbos (P<0.001) except right FS depth. Mean IMD are 3.64±0.50 and 3.39±0.45 cm in the Igbos and Ogonis respectively (P<0.001). Ogonis have higher BZD (P>0.05). In both groups, males had larger values in both FS depth, MS dimensions and BZD (P<0.001). Age correlated positively with left FS height and IMD. Prevalence of unilateral FS aplasia was 3.35% on the right and 1.47% on the left among the Igbos while the Ogonis have 2.03% on the right and 2.70% on the left. Bilateral FS aplasia was 2.94% among the Igbos but not observed among the Ogonis. Conclusion: Normative values is established. Ethnic differences exists with Igbos significantly having higher values of FS and IMD while in the Ogonis, the MS dimensions are higher. These findings would act as a guide for facial reconstructive surgeries, forensic experts and classification of fossil remains in anthropology.


2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Masturin Masturin

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>:<em> The role of women  seems still  to be a discourse that becomes a debate among the  feminist theoreticians. Something that becomes the crucial problem is how to position the role of women in contemporary Islamic societies. Through a thematic interpretation approach, this paper tried to describe the role of women in Islamic societies in the post-modern era. Discourse and gender movement had a great influence on Muslim society. The demands on the role of women were not only related to the role of freedom of their activities in the domestic realm but also related to the public domain. The Qur'an was present not in the empty time and but rather to respond to a variety of community activities in place in which it was revealed. He - the Qu’ran - had an idealistic normative values that should be believed, held and executed. The text data of the Qu’ran could be illustrated by a triadic system depicting the role of women and their relationships with the Lord, the roles and relationships of women in the family; and the roles and relationships in the community, including the Islamic community. Islam, as a religion, on the one hand was not only as a pure idea that was absolute and universal, but on the other hand, it was also as a product of the ideas that are not only relative but also limited. However, with its relativity and limitation as the product of the thought, it was still able to show the distinction of its egalitarian with the concept built by modern-secular feminism movement through the principle of parity.</em></p><p dir="RTL"><strong>الملخص</strong> :أصبحت المرأة موضوع نقاش بين مفكّرات النسوية إلى الآن. القضية المهمّة هي كيف يكون دور المرأة في المجتمع المسلم المعاصر. حاولت هذه الدراسة – بمدخل التفسير الموضوعي – تصوير دور المرأة في المجتمع المسلم في العصر بعد الحداثة. الحركة والأفكار  عن الجنس لها أثرها في المجتمع المسلم. اقتضاءات المرأة ليس فقط عن حريّة العمل في الأسرة لكن كذلك في المجتمع. وإن القرآن لاينزل في ثقافة مجتمع فارغة، لكنّه يستجيب شتى الأنشطة والأعمال قام بها المجتمع الذي نزل فيه. والقرآن فيه تعاليم وقيم أدبية شاملة كاملة التي يجب الاعتقاد بها والتمسك بها والعمل بها. والنصوص القرآنية تمثّل ترياديك التي تصوّر دور المرأة وعلاقتها بالله، دورها وعلاقتها بالأسرة، ودورها في المجتمع وخاصة المجتمع المسلم. والإسلام ككونه آراء أصيلة وهو عام ومطلق، لكن لكونه نتائج أفكار فهو غير مطلق ومحدّد. ولكن بكونه مثل هذا، استطاع أن يكون فارقا واضحا بينه وبين المفهومات التي أتت بها الحركة النسوية  المعاصرة العلمانية عن طريق الأساس بارتاس.</p><p><strong>Abstrak:<em> </em></strong><em>Peran perempuan merupakan diskursus yang masih jadi perbincangan teoritisi feminis. Hal yang menjadi problem krusial adalah bagaimana memposisikan peran perempuan dalam masyarakat Islam kekinian. Melalui pendekatan tafsir tematik, tulisan ini mencoba untuk mendiskripsikan peran perempuan dalam masyarakat Islam di era post-modern. Wacana dan gerakan gender memiliki pengaruh besar bagi masyarakat Islam. Tuntutan peran tidak saja terkait kebebasan beraktifitas di ranah domestik tetapi juga terkait dengan ranah publik. Al-Qur’an hadir tidak dalam ruang dan waktu yang hampa, melainkan merespon beragam aktifitas masyarakat di tempat ia diturunkan. Ia – al-Qur’an – memiliki tata nilai normatif-idealitik yang harus diyakini, dipegang teguh dan dijalankan. Data-data teks al-Qur’an, dapat diilustrasikan dengan sebuah triadik yang menggambarkan peran perempuan dan relasinya dengan Tuhan; peran dan relasi perempuan dalam keluarga; dan peran dan relasinya dalam masyarakat termasuk masyarakat Islam. Islam, sebagai sebuah agama, di satu sisi merupakan ide murni karenanya absolut dan universal, namun di sisi yang lain, ia merupakan hasil pemikiran yang tidak saja relatif tetapi juga terbatas. Namun dengan kerelatifan dan keterbatasan hasil pemikiran itu, ia tetap mampu menunjukkan distingsi egaliteriannya dengan konsepsi yang dibangun gerakan feminism modern-sekuler melalui prinsip paritas.                            </em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>tafsir, domestik, publik, absolut, sub-ordinat, paritas.</p>


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