Micromorphological characteristics of decayed wood and laccase produced by the brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Ho Lee ◽  
Seung Gon Wi ◽  
Adya P. Singh ◽  
Yoon Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rot ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Coniophora Puteana ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus

Characterisation of a Soft Rot-Like Decay Pattern Caused by Coniophora puteana (Schum.) Karst. in Sapelli Wood (Entandrophragma cylindricum Sprague)

Holzforschung ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kleist ◽  
U. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Coniophora Puteana ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus ◽  
Decay Pattern ◽  
Microfibrillar Angle

Summary The decay patterns of brown and soft rot fungi in Sapelli wood (Entandrophragma cylindricum Sprague), with respect to natural durability, were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy as well as UV spectroscopy. Analyses revealed that the typical brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana can cause a soft rot-like decay in the sapwood of Sapelli at high moisture contents of approx. 100%. In accordance with the decay pattern of the typical soft rot fungus Chaetomium globosum, the hyphae of C. puteana penetrated the S2 wall of fibres and formed characteristic rhomboidal cavities orientated parallel to the microfibrillar angle. However, these cavities were larger in diameter (3.9 μm ± 0.9) than those formed by C. globosum (2.1 μm ± 0.5) and with a distinct interspace between the hyphae and surrounding walls. Hyphae of C. globosum were directly attached to the undecayed secondary wall. No lignin degradation for both fungi in close vicinity to the cavities was observed, as evidenced by UV spectroscopy. The inclusion of microscopy for definitive decay type identification is recommended.

scholarly journals Deterioration effects of wet environments and brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana on pine wood in the archaeological site of Biskupin (Poland)

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 132-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette Jacqueline Łucejko ◽  
Marco Mattonai ◽  
Magdalena Zborowska ◽  
Diego Tamburini ◽  
Grzegorz Cofta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rot ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Coniophora Puteana ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus

Effects of calcium-based materials and iron impurities on wood degradation by the brown rot fungus Serpula lacrymans

Holzforschung ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Schilling
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rot ◽  
Iron Availability ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Wood Degradation ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Agar Block ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus ◽  
Serpula Lacrymans ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Calcium-containing materials have been implicated in promoting wood degradation by Serpula lacrymans, but mechanisms remain unresolved. In this study, S. lacrymans and Serpula himantioides degraded pine sapwood in agar-block microcosms with one of four treatments: calcium-free, 5 mM agar CaCl2, high-purity gypsum (CaSO4), and gypsum amended with 1% FeSO4. Calcium and iron availability were limited in minimal nutrient agar. At week 5, pine degradation was significantly higher for S. lacrymans in iron-amended gypsum treatments than other treatments, and the respective agar oxalate levels were also higher. Oxalate solubility was lowest in pure calcium microcosms. Scanning electron microscopy showed hyphae in contact with gypsum and precipitation of calcium oxalate. At week 15, wood degradation by S. lacrymans was severe (>60%) in both calcium-free and iron-amended treatments, but was significantly less in pure calcium treatments (≈45%). Cation analysis in week 15 wood revealed higher calcium and iron levels in treatments containing those element additions. Serpula himantioides had decayed wood equally among treatments at both harvests. Results demonstrate that calcium has an inhibiting effect – and not a promoting effect as hitherto believed – on wood degradation by S. lacrymans. It appears that oxalate and iron play a role in stimulating wood degradation by this destructive fungus.

Characterisation of the initial degradation stage of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood after attack by brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilze Irbe ◽  
Ingeborga Andersone ◽  
Bruno Andersons ◽  
Guna Noldt ◽  
Tatiana Dizhbite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Coniophora Puteana ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus

The effect of heartwood fungi of Pinus contorta var. latifolia on pinosylvin, pinosylvinmonomethyl ether, pinobanksin, and pinocembrin

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Loman
Keyword(s):  
Optical Density ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Maximum Absorption ◽  
Fungus Flora ◽  
Coniophora Puteana ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus

The heartwood of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) contains considerable amounts of fungitoxic phenolics, but also possesses an extensive fungus flora. Two of the most frequently isolated fungi, Peniophora pseudo-pini Weres. & Gibson and Tympanis hypopodia Nyl., effected the most rapid decrease in concentration of pinosylvin, pinosylvinmonomethyl ether, pinocembrin, and pinobanksin in lodgepole pine heartwood meal. Three mechanisms for the removal of pinosylvin were observed. The laccase-producing ascomycetes, Coryne sarcoides (Dicks. ex Fr.) Bon. and T. hypopodia, caused a decrease in optical density as well as a maximum absorption shift of pinosylvin from 310 mμ to 300 mμ. This shift could be related to the appearance of a new compound which absorbed at 300 mμ. Three laccase-producing basidiomycetes, P. pseudo-pini, Stereum sanguinolentum Alb. & Schw. ex Fr., and Fomes pini (Thore ex Fr.) Lloyd, caused decreases in the concentration of pinosylvin that were concurrent with red stain formation in infected heartwood meal, but were not associated with maximum absorption shifts. The non-laccase-producing brown rot fungus, Coniophora puteana Schum. ex Fr., caused a maximum absorption shift of pinosylvin from 310 to 320 mμ. However, the concentration of altered pinosylvin did not decrease below that of pinosylvin in the control. All fungi were living at the conclusion of the experiment.

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