No impact of early real-time PCR screening for respiratory viruses on length of stay and use of antibiotics in elderly patients hospitalized with symptoms of a respiratory tract infection in a single center in Norway

ABSTRACT A novel, rapid, and noninvasive test (ODK0501) to detect Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen was evaluated in a Japanese multicenter study. ODK0501 uses polyclonal antibodies to detect C polysaccharide of S. pneumoniae from sputum samples by an immunochromatographic assay. The utility of ODK0501 was evaluated for 161 adult patients with lower respiratory tract infection between March 2006 and March 2007. Bacterial culture and identification, real-time PCR, and ODK0501 assays were performed on sputum samples, and the Binax Now Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen test was performed using urine samples obtained from the same patients. The performances of all tests were compared based on the results of bacterial culture and identification. The sensitivity and specificity of ODK0501 were 89.1% (49/55 samples) and 95.3% (101/106 samples), respectively. We then compared the Binax Now Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen test with ODK0501 using samples from 142 patients. The sensitivities of ODK0501 and the Binax Now S. pneumoniae antigen test were 90.0% (45/50 samples) and 62.0% (31/50 samples), respectively (P = 0.002). The relative quantity of S. pneumoniae in expectorated sputum was calculated using real-time PCR and indicated that the possibility of false-positive results for ODK0501 due to indigenous S. pneumoniae was low. The positive and negative concordance rates of ODK0501 and Binax Now were 96.8% (30/31 samples) and 21.1% (4/19 samples), respectively. Binax Now was less capable of detecting S. pneumoniae antigen among patients with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In conclusion, ODK0501 is noninvasive, rapid, and an accurate tool for diagnosing respiratory infection caused by S. pneumoniae.

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Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor assay for Mycoplasma pneumoniae detection

AMB Express ◽

10.1186/s13568-019-0921-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yacui Wang ◽

Yi Wang ◽

Weiwei Jiao ◽

Jieqiong Li ◽

Shuting Quan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Real Time ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Lateral Flow ◽

Isothermal Amplification ◽

Dna Templates ◽

Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification

AbstractMycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the most common pathogens causing respiratory tract infection, especially for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in school-age children. There was considerable amount of studies on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for MP detection. However, the result interpretation of these developed LAMP assays was sophisticated and subjective. Therefore, we developed and evaluated a LAMP coupled with nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor (LFB) assay (LAMP-LFB) for simple, reliable, and objective identification of MP (MP-LAMP-LFB). Six primers specific to P1 gene of MP were designed, and the preferred temperature for this assay was confirmed to be 65 °C. The amplification products could be visually interpreted by LFB within 2 min. The MP-LAMP-LFB assay specifically identified DNA templates of MP, and no cross-reactivity with other pathogens was obtained. The limit of the detection for this assay was 600 fg of DNA templates in pure cultures, which was in complete accordance with colorimetric indicator detection and agarose gel electrophoresis analysis. This assay was applied to 209 oropharyngeal swab specimens collected from children with acute respiratory tract infection for clinical evaluation, and compared to real-time PCR detection. Using the LAMP-LFB and real-time PCR assay, the positive rates of MP were 47.8% and 31.6%, respectively. Results suggested that the LAMP-LFB assay displayed high sensitivity compared to real-time PCR method. In summary, LAMP-LFB assay established here was a simple, objective, and sensitive assay for MP detection, which can be widely applied in clinical settings, especially in rural areas.

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Utility of multiplex real-time PCR for diagnosing paediatric acute respiratory tract infection in a tertiary care hospital

Medical Journal Armed Forces India ◽

10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.05.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anshu Kumar ◽

Ashish Bahal ◽

Lavan Singh ◽

S.M. Ninawe ◽

Naveen Grover ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Care Hospital

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Association of the CTvalues of real-time PCR of viral upper respiratory tract infection with clinical severity, Kenya

Journal of Medical Virology ◽

10.1002/jmv.23455 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 924-932 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

James A. Fuller ◽

M. Kariuki Njenga ◽

Godfrey Bigogo ◽

Barrack Aura ◽

Maurice O. Ope ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Upper Respiratory

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Increased Detection of Viruses in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Using PCR

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17020564 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 564 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chien-Yu Lin ◽

David Hwang ◽

Nan-Chang Chiu ◽

Li-Chuan Weng ◽

Hsin-Fu Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Viruses ◽

Accurate Diagnosis ◽

Human Bocavirus ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

Antigen Tests

Respiratory viruses are a common cause of respiratory tract infection (RTI), particularly in neonates and children. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of viral infections could improve clinical outcomes and reduce the use of antibiotics and treatment sessions. Advances in diagnostic technology contribute to the accurate detection of viruses. We performed a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the viral etiology in pediatric patients and compared the detection rates with those determined using traditional antigen tests and virus cultures. Fifteen respiratory viruses were included in our investigation: respiratory syncytial virus A/B (RSV), influenza virus A (FluA) and influenza virus B (FluB), human metapneumovirus (MPV), enterovirus (EV), human parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1–4, human rhinovirus (RV), human coronavirus OC43, NL63, and 229E, human adenovirus (ADV), and human bocavirus (Boca). In total, 474 specimens were collected and tested. Respiratory viruses were detected more frequently by PCR (357, 75.3%) than they were by traditional tests (229, 49.3%). The leading pathogens were RSV (113, 23.8%), RV (72, 15.2%), PIV3 (53, 11.2%), FluA (51, 10.8%), and ADV (48, 10.1%). For children younger than 5 years, RSV and RV were most prevalent; for children older than 5 years, FluA and ADV were the most frequently detected. Of the specimens, 25.8% (92/357) were coinfected with two or more viruses. RV, Boca, PIV2, FluB, and PIV4 had higher rates of coinfection; MPV and PIV1 had the lowest rates of coinfection (9.1% and 5.3%). To conclude, the detection power of PCR was better than that of traditional antigen tests and virus cultures when considering the detection of respiratory viruses. RSV and RV were the leading viral pathogens identified in the respiratory specimens. One-quarter of the positive specimens were coinfected with two or more viruses. In the future, further application of PCR may contribute to the rapid and accurate diagnosis of respiratory viruses and could improve patient outcomes.

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