Water management and soil amendment for reducing emission factor and global warming potential but improving rice yield

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mozammel Haque ◽  
Jatish C. Biswas ◽  
M. Maniruzzaman ◽  
M. B. Hossain ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Emission Factor ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Rice Yield

scholarly journals WATER MANAGEMENT AND METHANE EMISSION FROM RICE CULTIVATION: A CASE STUDY IN AN GIANG PROVINCE, VIET NAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2A) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Duong Mai Linh
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Wetting And Drying

Rice cultivation causes the emission of CH4 consequenced to the global warming. Reduction of irrigation in rice cultivation is not only saving water resources but also reducing greenhouse gases emission. The objectives of this study was to determine impacts of water management on the emission of CH4 and rice yield. Experiment was conducted in field conditions in An Giang province, Viet Nam with three treatments as continuous flooding (CF), An Giang Alternative Wetting and Drying (AAWD) which is mostly applied by farmers in An Giang province-Viet Nam, and Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD). Water levels in the field +5 cm, ± 5 cm and -15 cm were controlled higher, fluctuated and lower than soil surface, respectively for CF, AAWD and AWD. CH4 emission determined every week during 13 weeks of the experiment. Rice yield was determined in 1 m2 at the end of the experiment. The results showed that AWD and AAWD, respectively decreased 78.7 % (p < 0.05) and 6.8 % (p > 0.05) CH4 emission compared to the CF 11.9 mg CH4/m2/h. The rice yield of CF was 6.32 ton/ha lower than AAWD 7.8 ton/ha (p < 0.05) but not different with AWD 6.67 ton/ha. AAWD had higher rice yield but same emission than the CF. Farmers in An Giang province should consider application of AWD in rice cultivation in term of saving water and reduction of CH4 emission.

scholarly journals Mitigation Potential and Yield-Scaled Global Warming Potential of Early-Season Drainage from a Rice Paddy in Tamil Nadu, India

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aung Zaw Oo ◽  
Shigeto Sudo ◽  
Kazuyuki Inubushi ◽  
Umamageswari Chellappan ◽  
Akinori Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Ch4 Emissions

Water-intensive systems of rice cultivation are facing major challenges to increase rice grain yield under conditions of water scarcity while also reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The adoption of effective irrigation strategies in the paddy rice system is one of the most promising options for mitigating GHG emissions while maintaining high crop yields. To evaluate the effect of different alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation strategies on GHG emissions from paddy rice in dry and wet seasons, a field experiment was conducted at the Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute (TRRI), Aduthurai, Tamil Nadu, India. Four irrigation treatments were included: One-AWD (one early drying period), Two-AWD (two early drying periods), Full-AWD (wetting and drying cycles throughout the rice season), and CF (continuous flooding). Different rice varieties were also tested in the experiment. In this study, we emphasized one factor (irrigation effect) that affects the dependent variable. The results show that early AWD treatments reduced methane (CH4) emissions by 35.7 to 51.5% in dry season and 18.5 to 20.1% in wet season, while full-AWD practice reduced CH4 emissions by 52.8 to 61.4% compared with CF. Full-AWD in dry season not only significantly reduced CH4 emission during that season, it also resulted in the decline of the early season emission in the succeeding wet season. Global warming potential (GWP) and yield-scaled GWP were reduced by early or full season AWD in both rice seasons. The GWP value from nitrous oxide (N2O) was relatively low compared to that from CH4 in both rice seasons. Rice yield was not affected by irrigation treatments although varietal differences in grain and straw yields were observed in both rice seasons. This study demonstrated that early season water managements are also effective in reducing CH4 and total GHG emissions without affecting rice yield.

N2O emissions and global warming potential as affected by water management and rice cultivar on an Alfisol in Arkansas, USA

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. e00170
Author(s):  
Casey Rector ◽  
Kristofor R. Brye ◽  
Joshua Humphreys ◽  
Richard J. Norman ◽  
Edward E. Gbur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
N2o Emissions

Biochar production under low pyrolysis temperature leads to lesser overall global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity under lowland and upland short-term condition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronley Canatoy ◽  
Seung Tak Jeong ◽  
Pil Joo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Intensity ◽  
Upland Condition

&lt;p&gt;Biochar is a carbon-rich black stable solid substance that when utilized as soil amendment can effectively mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. However, during the pyrolysis process of organic feedstock (i.e. manure) greenhouse gases are released as the feedstock undergo thermochemical degradation. Many studies were reported with regards to the effectiveness of biochar to mitigate greenhouse gas emission and to maintain soil quality via carbon sequestration. However, no clear investigation was done regarding biochar utilization on reducing GHG emission in an integrated perspective that starts from pyrolysis (production) to field application (utilization). To evaluate the integrated influence of biochar utilization on the overall Global Warming Potential (GWP) and (Greenhouse Gas Intensity) GHGI at different temperature, the fluxes of GHGs during feedstock pyrolysis to soil application were calculated. The key components include GHGs released during production processes and biogenic GHG emissions taking place in the soil via short-term incubation experiment in lowland and upland condition treated with biochar pyrolyzed at different temperature. Highest pyrolysis temperature of 700&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C emitted 6.92 Mg CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq ton&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; biochar, wherein 8.7% and 91.2% was contributed by Carbon dioxide (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and Methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) effluxes, respectively, during pyrolysis. This GHG emission during pyrolysis at 700&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C was 5.6, 2.2, and 1.5 times higher than at 400&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, 500&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and 600&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, respectively. Meanwhile, biochar produced at lowest temperature (Biochar400) when utilized as soil amendment emitted 43.4 and 38.2 Mg CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; in lowland and upland condition, respectively. In addition, this emission value under lowland (and upland) condition was 1.38 (1.36), 1.51 (1.56) and 1.86 (1.91) times higher than Biochar500, Biochar600 and Biochar700, respectively. Combining the GWP during the production and the utilization processes in lowland and upland condition reveal that at 400&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C emanates the lowest overall GWP of 93.3 and 88.1 Mg CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-eq ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. &amp;#160;Moreover, under lowland (and upland) condition, overall GWP at 400&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C was noted to be 65.7% (71.7%), 131.6% (140.4%) and 221.9% (237.1%), lower than at 500&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, 600&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and 700&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, respectively. In conclusion, the use of lower temperature during biomass pyrolysis and utilization of its derived biochar could be a practical approach to mitigate GHG emissions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keywords: Biochar, Pyrolysis, Greenhouse gas, Methane, Global warming potential, Greenhouse gas intensity&lt;/p&gt;

Water management to mitigate the global warming potential of rice systems: A global meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Daniela Carrijo ◽  
Shan Huang ◽  
Ji Chen ◽  
Nimlesh Balaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Variation in Soil Properties Regulate Greenhouse Gas Fluxes and Global Warming Potential in Three Land Use Types on Tropical Peat

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwamu Ishikura ◽  
Untung Darung ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Ryusuke Hatano
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
N2o Flux ◽  
Ch4 Flux ◽  
In The Beginning

This study investigated spatial factors controlling CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes and compared global warming potential (GWP) among undrained forest (UDF), drained forest (DF), and drained burned land (DBL) on tropical peatland in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sampling was performed once within two weeks in the beginning of dry season. CO2 flux was significantly promoted by lowering soil moisture and pH. The result suggests that oxidative peat decomposition was enhanced in drier position, and the decomposition acidify the peat soils. CH4 flux was significantly promoted by a rise in groundwater level, suggesting that methanogenesis was enhanced under anaerobic condition. N2O flux was promoted by increasing soil nitrate content in DF, suggesting that denitrification was promoted by substrate availability. On the other hand, N2O flux was promoted by lower soil C:N ratio and higher soil pH in DBL and UDF. CO2 flux was the highest in DF (241 mg C m−2 h−1) and was the lowest in DBL (94 mg C m−2 h−1), whereas CH4 flux was the highest in DBL (0.91 mg C m−2 h−1) and was the lowest in DF (0.01 mg C m−2 h−1), respectively. N2O flux was not significantly different among land uses. CO2 flux relatively contributed to 91–100% of GWP. In conclusion, it is necessary to decrease CO2 flux to mitigate GWP through a rise in groundwater level and soil moisture in the region.

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