Host preference of three Asian larval parasitoids to closely related Drosophila species: implications for biological control of Drosophila suzukii

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Biondi ◽  
Xingeng Wang ◽  
Kent M. Daane
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Drosophila Species ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Larval Parasitoids

scholarly journals Mind the Wound!—Fruit Injury Ranks Higher than, and Interacts with, Heterospecific Cues for Drosophila suzukii Oviposition

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Renate Kienzle ◽  
Marko Rohlfs
Keyword(s):  
Host Selection ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Drosophila Species ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Potential Host ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Globally Distributed ◽  
Hierarchical Manner

Drosophila suzukii is a globally distributed insect that infests many economically important fruit varieties by ovipositing into ripening fruits. The mechanisms underlying host selection, in particular the fly’s preference for fresh, intact, and competitor-free fruits, are only partially understood. We hypothesize that D. suzukii females use cues of different fruit properties to rank potential host fruits in a hierarchical manner. We created four naturally occurring fruit (blueberries) categories: (1) intact; (2) artificially wounded; (3) wounded + containing eggs of different Drosophila species; and (4) intact + exposed to D. melanogaster. Individual D. suzukii females were offered several fruits in different two-way combinations of the fruit categories. Females showed a robust oviposition preference for intact vs. wounded + infested fruits, which was even stronger compared to the intact–wounded combination. Females preferred ovipositing into intact vs. intact + exposed blueberries; however, they preferred intact + exposed over wounded blueberries. This implies a hierarchical host preference in D. suzukii, which is determined by heterospecific cues (possibly fecal matter components) and an unknown “wounding factor” of fruits.

scholarly journals Potential host ranges of three Asian larval parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent M. Daane ◽  
Xingeng Wang ◽  
Brian N. Hogg ◽  
Antonio Biondi
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Larval Parasitoids ◽  
Female Body Size

AbstractAsobara japonica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Ganaspis brasiliensis and Leptopilina japonica (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) are Asian larval parasitoids of spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). This study evaluated these parasitoids’ capacity to attack and develop from 24 non-target drosophilid species. Results showed that all three parasitoids were able to parasitize host larvae of multiple non-target species in artificial diet; A. japonica developed from 19 tested host species, regardless of the phylogenetic position of the host species, L. japonica developed from 11 tested species; and G. brasiliensis developed from only four of the exposed species. Success rate of parasitism (i.e., the probability that an adult wasp successfully emerged from a parasitized host) by the two figitid parasitoids was low in hosts other than the three species in the melanogaster group (D. melanogaster, D. simulans, and D. suzukii). The failure of the figitids to develop in most of the tested host species appears to correspond with more frequent encapsulation of the parasitoids by the hosts. The results indicate that G. brasiliensis is the most host specific to D. suzukii, L. japonica attacks mainly species in the melanogaster group and A. japonica is a generalist, at least physiologically. Overall, the developmental time of the parasitoids increased with the host’s developmental time. The body size of female A. japonica (as a model species) was positively related to host size, and mature egg load of female wasps increased with female body size. We discuss the use of these parasitoids for classical biological control of D. suzukii.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Insights into Taste Perception of the Invasive Pest Drosophila suzukii

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4185-4196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina M Crava ◽  
Sukanya Ramasamy ◽  
Lino Ometto ◽  
Gianfranco Anfora ◽  
Omar Rota-Stabelli
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Drosophila Species ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Chemosensory Perception

Abstract Chemosensory perception allows insects to interact with the environment by perceiving odorant or tastant molecules; genes encoding chemoreceptors are the molecular interface between the environment and the insect, and play a central role in mediating its chemosensory behavior. Here, we explore how the evolution of these genes in the emerging pest Drosophila suzukii correlates with the peculiar ecology of this species. We annotated approximately 130 genes coding for gustatory receptors (GRs) and divergent ionotropic receptors (dIRs) in D. suzukii and in its close relative D. biarmipes. We then analyzed the evolution, in terms of size, of each gene family as well of the molecular evolution of the genes in a 14 Drosophila species phylogenetic framework. We show that the overall evolution of GRs parallels that of dIRs not only in D. suzukii, but also in all other analyzed Drosophila. Our results reveal an unprecedented burst of gene family size in the lineage leading to the suzukii subgroup, as well as genomic changes that characterize D. suzukii, particularly duplications and strong signs of positive selection in the putative bitter-taste receptor GR59d. Expression studies of duplicate genes in D. suzukii support a spatio-temporal subfunctionalization of the duplicate isoforms. Our results suggest that D. suzukii is not characterized by gene loss, as observed in other specialist Drosophila species, but rather by a dramatic acceleration of gene gains, compatible with a highly generalist feeding behavior. Overall, our analyses provide candidate taste receptors specific for D. suzukii that may correlate with its specific behavior, and which may be tested in functional studies to ultimately enhance its control in the field.

Biological control of Drosophila suzukii.

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (054) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-eng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Indigenous Natural Enemies

Abstract Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is native to East Asia but has widely established in the Americas and Europe, where it is a devastating pest of soft-skinned fruits. It has a wide host range and these non-crop habitats harbor the fly which then repeatedly reinvades crop fields. Biological control in non-crop habitats could be the cornerstone for sustainable management at the landscape level. Toward this goal, researchers have developed or investigated biological control tactics. We review over 100 studies, conducted in the Americas, Asia and Europe on natural enemies of D. suzukii. Two previous reviews provided an overview of potential natural enemies and detailed accounts on foreign explorations. Here, we provide an up-to-date list of known or evaluated parasitoids, predators and entomopathogens (pathogenic fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and viruses) and summarize research progress to date. We emphasize a systematic approach toward the development of biological control strategies that can stand alone or be combined with more conventional control tools. Finally, we propose a framework for the integrated use of biological control tools, from classical biological control with host-specific Asian parasitoids, to augmentative and conservation biological control with indigenous natural enemies, to the use of entomopathogens. This review provides a roadmap to foster the use of biological control tools in more sustainable D. suzukii control programs.

scholarly journals Field Monitoring of Drosophila suzukii and Associated Communities in South Eastern France as a Pre-Requisite for Classical Biological Control

Insects ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Kremmer ◽  
Marcel Thaon ◽  
Nicolas Borowiec ◽  
Jean David ◽  
Marylène Poirié ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Field Monitoring ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
South Eastern

scholarly journals Host specificity of Asian parasitoids for potential classical biological control of Drosophila suzukii

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 1241-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Girod ◽  
Océane Lierhmann ◽  
Teddy Urvois ◽  
Ted C. J. Turlings ◽  
Marc Kenis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii
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