scholarly journals Stump diameter and age affect coppicing of downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyrki Hytönen
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Downy Birch ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh ◽  
Stump Diameter

Influence of Copper Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles on Microclonal Sprouts of Downy Birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 476-482
Author(s):  
P. M. Evlakov ◽  
O. A. Fedorova ◽  
T. A. Grodetskaya ◽  
O. V. Zakharova ◽  
A. A. Gusev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Downy Birch ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh

scholarly journals Effects of Predicted Reduced Summer Rainfall on Growth and Development of Silver Birch (Betula Pendula Roth) and Downy Birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
Dhirendar Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Christine Cahalan ◽  
Sunita Ulak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Downy Birch ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh

Climate is one of the major factors that govern the distribution of tree species. Climate change has already affected the growth, structure and distribution of trees and woodlands. Global climate change projections are wetter winters, drier summers and significance changes in temperature regimes in the next few decades. The main objective of this study was to experimentally demonstrate the effects of decline in summer rainfall, as predicted by UKCP09/IPCC, on height and diameter growth in two co-occurring silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh) and provide further understanding of the changes in growth and development in response to a decrease in water availability. One-year-old seedlings were grown in a temperature-controlled greenhouse for eight weeks in a split-plot experimental design. Their height and diameter were measured and analyzed. Result showed that plant height and diameter was significantly reduced with increased water stress. B. pendula showed higher physiological traits indicating that this species can perform better than B. pubescensin water-deficit conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Phosphinothricin on Transgenic Downy Birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) Containing bar or GS1 Genes

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim G. Lebedev ◽  
Konstantin V. Krutovsky ◽  
Konstantin A. Shestibratov
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
First Year ◽  
Bar Gene ◽  
Ammonium Glufosinate ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Downy Birch ◽  
Ammonium Level ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh ◽  
One Year

Weeds are a big problem in agriculture and forestry, and herbicides are the main tools to control them. Phosphinotricin (ammonium glufosinate, PPT) is one of the most effective non-selective herbicides, to which weeds hardly gain resistance, but the reasons for its effect and toxicity to plants are still unclear, and especially, it is little studied in trees, including transgenic ones. We studied the physiological responses of downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) containing the herbicide resistance bar gene or the cytosol glutamine synthetase GS1 gene (the target enzyme of the herbicide) to PPT-based Basta herbicide treatment in various doses under open-air conditions during two years. Birch saplings with the bar gene were resistant to a double field dose (10 L/ha), but the expression of the GS1 gene only slightly increased resistance compared to the control. Herbicide treatment increased the ammonium level in leaf tissue by 3–8 times, but this, apparently, was not the main cause of plant death. Among leaf pigments, chlorophyll B was the most resistant to PPT, and carotenoids were the most sensitive. Responses of birch trees with the GS1 gene (accumulation of ammonium, pigment content, and dehydration) during treatment with a low dose of herbicide were less pronounced than in control plants. One-year-old control and transgenic plants with the GS gene died after 2.5 L/ha treatment, and two-year-old plants lost foliage after such treatment but remained alive and developed buds four weeks after treatment. Herbicide treatment of plants with the bar gene did not cause significant deviations in height (first year) or the accumulation of aboveground biomass (second year). The obtained results improve our understanding of the effect of PPT on woody plants and can be used both to clarify mechanisms of herbicide action and in plantation forestry.

Variations in the effects of local foliar damage on life span of individual leaves of downy birch (Betula pubescens)

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Kozlov ◽  
Elena L. Zvereva
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Leaf Life Span ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Downy Birch ◽  
Herbivore Species ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh

Although the premature abscission of leaves damaged by herbivores has been discovered decades ago, the reduction in leaf life span caused by herbivory remains poorly documented, and the sources of variation in the magnitude of this effect have only rarely been studied. We aimed at exploring the effects of several herbivore species (at their background densities) and simulated herbivory on the leaf life span of downy birch, Betula pubescens Ehrh. Leaves damaged by herbivores abscised on average 12.6 days earlier and punched leaves 3.5 days earlier than the intact leaves of the control shoots. Different herbivores reduced the life span of the birch leaves from 0% to 27% depending on the intensity and timing of the damage but not on the insect feeding guild. The reduction in leaf life span was greater when the damage was imposed on expanding and growing leaves compared with mature leaves. However, the effect of herbivore species remained significant after accounting for intensity and timing of damage. This fact, together with greater reduction in leaf life span due to natural herbivory compared with mechanical damage, indicates that premature abscission in response to injury is considerably enhanced by insect-specific elicitors.

Taxonomy of infraspecific variation in Betula pubescens Ehrh., with particular reference to the Scottish Highlands

1984 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Infraspecific Variation ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh

SynopsisThe variability of the pubescent birch and the probable existence of hybrids between it and two other birches make it a difficult species to classify at an infraspecific level. To some extent, the variation is geographical and to cover its distribution, three subspecies are proposed by the authors of Flora Europaea, sspp. pubescens, carpatica and tortuosa. Two subspecies are recognized in Britain, namely ssp. pubescens and ssp. odorata, but some confusion has arisen through the undetermined relationships between sspp. odorata, carpatica and tortuosa. The rejection of ssp. odorata is proposed as its application, in this case, differs from that intended by J. M. Bechstein, the original authority. An examination of the literature indicates that ssp. tortuosa and ssp. carpatica are probably indistinguishable (a conclusion supported by multivariate analysis) and that the epithet tortuosa can be applied to both taxa. The pubescent birch in the Scottish Highlands may be referred to ssp. tortuosa and, in addition, the high frequency of small-leafed individuals in some populations in the northwest and at higher altitudes, justifies the further distinction of var. microphylla Hartman.

Clonal micropropagation of downy birch (Betula pubescens) with the use of copper oxide and silver nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (86) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Petr Evlakov ◽  
◽  
Olga Fedorova ◽  
Tatiana Grodetskaia ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Downy Birch
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