Correction to: Visualization of microaneurysms using optical coherence tomography angiography: comparison of OCTA en face, OCT B‑scan, OCT en face, FA, and IA images

Purpose To report a case of juxtapapillary polypoidal choroidal neovascularization (PCNV) associated with choroidal nevus investigated by means of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods Case report. Results A 72-year-old woman presented with visual loss and metamorphopsia in her left eye for 5 days secondary to PCNV that developed on the border of a juxtapapillary choroidal nevus. Fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and spectral-domain OCT confirmed the diagnosis. En face OCT-A disclosed a large tangled hyperreflective PCNV spreading from the optic disc at different levels of the choriocapillaris; the polyp lumina appeared hyporeflective. The patient was treated with 3 intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor with partial functional recovery. Conclusions Our case showed the application of OCT-A in the diagnosis of a case of active PCNV complicating a benign intraocular tumor.

Download Full-text

Fluorescein Leakage and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Features of Microaneurysms in Diabetic Retinopathy

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2022/7723706 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 2022 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ruoyu Chen ◽

Anyi Liang ◽

Jie Yao ◽

Zicheng Wang ◽

Yesheng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Fluorescein Angiography ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Face Images ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

En Face Oct ◽

En Face

Background and Objective. To correlate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of diabetic microaneurysms (MAs) with leakage status on fluorescein angiography (FA). Patients and Methods. 167 MAs from 39 diabetic eyes were analyzed using OCTA and FA simultaneously. The characteristics of MAs on OCTA en face, OCT en face, and OCT B-scan with flow overlay were evaluated and correlated with fluorescein leakage status. Results. Thirty-six, fifty-two, and seventy-nine MAs showed no, mild, and severe leakage on FA, respectively. Most MAs (61.7%) were centered in the inner nuclear layer. Cystoid spaces were observed adjacent to 60 (35.9%) MAs. MAs with severe leakage had a statistically higher flow proportion compared to MAs with no or mild leakage (both P < 0.001 ). Only 112 MAs (67.1%) were visualized in the OCTA en face images, while 165 MAs (98.8%) could be visualized in the OCT en face images. The location of MAs did not associate significantly with FA leakage status. The presence of nearby cystoid spaces and higher flow proportion by OCT B-scan with flow overlay correlated significantly with FA leakage status. Conclusion. The flow proportion of MAs observed on OCT B-scans with flow overlay might be a potential biomarker to identify leaking MAs. A combination of OCT B-scan, OCT en face, and OCTA en face images increased the detection rate of diabetic MAs in a noninvasive way.

Download Full-text

Visualization of microaneurysms using optical coherence tomography angiography: comparison of OCTA en face, OCT B-scan, OCT en face, FA, and IA images

Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s10384-018-0570-0 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 168-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Masafumi Hamada ◽

Kishiko Ohkoshi ◽

Keiji Inagaki ◽

Nobuyuki Ebihara ◽

Akira Murakami

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

En Face Oct ◽

En Face

Download Full-text

Morpho-Functional Evaluation of Full-Thickness Macular Holes by the Integration of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Microperimetry

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9010229 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 229

Author(s):

Daniela Bacherini ◽

Maria Cristina Savastano ◽

Francesco Dragotto ◽

Lucia Finocchio ◽

Chiara Lenzetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Functional Evaluation ◽

Retinal Sensitivity ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Full Thickness ◽

Macular Holes ◽

En Face Oct ◽

En Face ◽

Capillary Plexus

(1) Objective: To use optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and microperimetry (MP) to evaluate the correlation between retinal structure and function in patients with idiopathic, full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) (2) Methods: This prospective, observational study included 11 eyes of 10 patients with FTMHs evaluated before surgery using OCTA and MP. MP sensitivity maps were superimposed and registered on slabs corresponding to superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) on OCTA, and on the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and the Henle fiber layer (HFL) complex in en face OCT. On these maps, mean retinal sensitivity was calculated at 2° and 4°, all centered on the FTMH. Cystic cavity extension was assessed on the slab corresponding to the OPL + HFL complex in en face OCT and DCP in OCTA using the Image J software (Version 1.49v; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA); (3) Results: Absolute scotomas were observed corresponding to the FTMH. Additionally, rings of relative scotoma in the perilesional area were detected and correlated to the cystic spaces on en face OCT and OCTA. There was a significant correlation between reduced retinal sensitivity at 2° and 4° diameters around the FTMH and the extension of cystic areas (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the extension of cystic cavities and BCVA (p < 0.01). (4) Conclusions: Morpho-functional analysis of FTMH using OCTA and MP, and the correlation between vascular abnormalities and impaired retinal sensitivity, may provide new, useful information. This integrated evaluation of FTMH may be useful to determine the function–structure correlation before and after vitreoretinal surgery, in order to gain a better understanding of the functional consequences induced by the morphological alterations, assessing outcomes in a more objective way, and potentially adding new surgical prognostic factors.

Download Full-text

Comparison of swept-source versus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography for detection of macular neovascularization

Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s00417-021-05229-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Lentzsch ◽

Laura Schöllhorn ◽

Christel Schnorr ◽

Robert Siggel ◽

Sandra Liakopoulos

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Spectral Domain ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Swept Source ◽

En Face ◽

Increased Sensitivity ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Subretinal Hyperreflective Material

Abstract Purpose To compare swept-source (SS) versus spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for the detection of macular neovascularization (MNV). Methods In this prospective cohort study, 72 eyes of 54 patients with subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM) and/or pigment epithelial detachment (PED) on OCT possibly corresponding to MNV in at least one eye were included. OCTA scans were acquired using two devices, the PLEX Elite 9000 SS-OCTA and the Spectralis SD-OCTA. Fluorescein angiography (FA) was used as reference. Two graders independently evaluated en face OCTA images using a preset slab as well as a manually modified slab, followed by a combination of en face and cross-sectional OCTA. Results Sensitivity (specificity) for the automated slabs was 51.7% (93.0%) for SS-OCTA versus 58.6% (95.3%) for SD-OCTA. Manual modification of segmentation increased sensitivity to 79.3% for SS-OCTA but not for SD-OCTA (58.6%). The combination of en face OCTA with cross-sectional OCTA reached highest sensitivity values (SS-OCTA: 82.8%, SD-OCTA: 86.2%), and lowest number of cases with discrepancies between SS-OCTA and SD-OCTA (4.2%). Fleiss kappa as measure of concordance between FA, SS-OCTA, and SD-OCTA was 0.56 for the automated slabs, 0.60 for the manual slabs, and 0.73 (good agreement) for the combination of en face OCTA with cross-sectional OCTA. Concordance to FA was moderate for the automated slabs and good for manual slabs and combination with cross-sectional OCTA of both devices. Conclusion Both devices reached comparable results regarding the detection of MNV on OCTA. Sensitivity for MNV detection and agreement between devices was best when evaluating a combination of en face and cross-sectional OCTA.

Download Full-text

Imaging choroidal neovascular membrane using en face swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography

Clinical Ophthalmology ◽

10.2147/opth.s143018 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol Volume 11 ◽

pp. 1859-1869 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Magdy Moussa ◽

Mahmoud Leila ◽

Hagar Khalid

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Choroidal Neovascular Membrane ◽

Swept Source ◽

En Face

Download Full-text

Characterizing Flow and Structure of Diabetic Retinal Neovascularization after Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: A Pilot Study

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2021/2942197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Christof Haensli ◽

Katrin Fasler ◽

Daniel Barthelmes ◽

Sandrine A. Zweifel

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Initial Treatment ◽

Measurement Method ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Case Series ◽

Retinal Neovascularization ◽

Flow Density ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

En Face

Background/Aims. This study evaluates changes of flow and structure of diabetic retinal neovascularization (NV) treated with intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). With OCTA, retinal blood vessels are visualized at high resolution to separately look at flow and structure information without the need for dye injection. We introduce a new measurement method including and combining information of flow and structure. Methods. Retrospective observational case series. Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were treated with intravitreal antiVEGF injections. Retinal NV were repeatedly imaged using swept-source OCTA (Zeiss PlexElite 9000) at baseline, after initial treatment block with 3-4 monthly injections, and during a follow-up period of up to 51 weeks. Change of size and flow density of the structural and angio area of NV was assessed. Results. Nine NV in eight eyes of five patients were analyzed with a median follow-up time of 45 weeks. After the initial treatment block, en face structural area regressed, 18.7% ± 39.0% (95% CI 44.2–6.8%, p = 0.26 ), and en face angio area regressed, 51.9% ± 29.5% (95% CI 32.6 to 71.2%, p = 0.007 ). Flow density within the en face structural area decreased by 33% ± 19.2% (95% CI 20.5–45.5%, p = 0.0077 ). Flow density within the en face angio area decreased by mean 17.9% ± 25.2% (95% CI 1.4–34.4%, p = 0.066 ). In two fellow eyes, NV recurrence could be observed before the onset of vitreous bleeding in one. Conclusion. Our study introduces a new quantitative measurement for NV in PDR, combining structure and flow measurement. The structure area remained after treatment, while its flow density and angio area regressed. We propose this measurement method as a more physiological and possibly more comparable metrics.

Download Full-text

Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Detecting Intraoperative Acute Descemet's Fold Formation

Case Reports in Ophthalmology ◽

10.1159/000447995 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 354-358

Author(s):

Yu Ichioka ◽

Akihito Uji ◽

Nagahisa Yoshimura

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Swept Source ◽

En Face Oct ◽

En Face ◽

Descemet's Membrane ◽

Descemet’S Membrane ◽

Oct Imaging ◽

Fold Formation ◽

B Scan Images

Background: To present an intraoperative acute Descemet’s fold formation using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging. Case Report: A 67-year-old man complaining of reduced visual acuity in the left eye. A 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification cataract surgery was performed to remove the vitreomacular traction. When hydro-sealing was performed, striae rapidly spread in the cornea. SS-OCT B-scan images performed on postoperative day 1 revealed a wavy Descemet’s membrane that might correspond to Descemet’s folds. Pairs of hypo- and hyperreflective narrow lesions running from the wavy Descemet’s membrane to almost half of the thickness of the whole cornea were observed. En face OCT imaging clearly showed the stromal fold, which continuously spread from the Descemet’s fold. Conclusion: The stromal fold might be due to the focal bulge of the stroma posteriorly caused by the rapid volume increase of the stroma which could push Descemet’s membrane posteriorly, thereby forming a wavy Descemet’s membrane layer.

Download Full-text

Η σημασία της ισχαιμίας της ωχράς στις φλεβικές αποφράξεις αμφιβληστροειδούς

10.12681/eadd/44382 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Κωνσταντίνα Γιαννούλη

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

En Face Oct ◽

En Face

Να μελετηθεί η στιβάδα των φωτοϋποδοχέων, σε οφθαλμούς με κλαδική απόφραξη φλέβας αμφιβληστροειδούς και ισχαιμία ωχράς, χρησιμοποιώντας μία μέθοδο en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) απεικόνισης της ελλειψοειδούς ζώνης.Μέθοδος: Προσαρμοσμένα OCT scans ωχράς, από 9 ασθενείς (10 οφθαλμοί) με κλαδική απόφραξη φλέβας αμφιβληστροειδούς και ισχαιμία ωχράς , εξήχθησαν και επεξεργάστηκαν (αφαίρεση σκιών προερχόμενων από αγγεία και κυστικούς χώρους, διαχωρισμός στιβάδων και ευθειασμός στο επίπεδο του μελάγχρου επιθηλίου). Η ελλειψοειδής ζώνη διαχωρίστηκε, ευθειάστηκε και χρησιμοποιήθηκε για τη δημιουργία της en face OCT εικόνας. Έγινε σύγκριση μεταξύ των υποανακλαστικών περιοχών απώλειας φωτοϋποδοχέων και των ισχαιμικών περιοχών, όπως οι τελευταίες καταγράφηκαν στις πρώιμες φάσεις της φλουοροαγγειογραφίας.Αποτελέσματα: Οι περιοχές απώλειας του τριχοειδικού δικτύου (στη φλουοραγγειογραφία), παρουσίασαν σαφή συσχέτιση με τις περιοχές διαταραχής της ελλειψοειδούς ζώνης (στην en face OCT απεικόνιση). Οι περιοχές διαταραχής της ελλειψοειδούς ζώνης είχαν ανομοιόμορφη εικόνα, και σαφή ή ασαφή όρια, ανάλογα με τη βαρύτητα της βλάβης.Συμπέρασμα: Η en face OCT απεικόνιση της ελλειψοειδούς ζώνης ανέδειξε μία σαφή συσχέτιση μεταξύ της απώλειας του τριχοειδικού δικτύου και των διαταραχών της ελλειψοειδούς ζώνης σε οφθαλμούς με κλαδική απόφραξη φλέβας αμφιβληστροειδούς. Το εν τω βάθει τριχοειδικό δίκτυο προφανώς συμβάλλει σημαντικά στις μεταβολικές ανάγκες του έξω αμφιβληστροειδούς και, κατά συνέπεια, ισχαιμία στο επίπεδο του εν τω βάθει τριχοειδικού δικτύου έχει σοβαρό αντίκτυπο στην ακεραιότητα των φωτοϋποδοχέων.

Download Full-text