Empirical fragility curves for masonry buildings after the 2009 L’Aquila, Italy, earthquake

AbstractA hybrid seismic fragility model for territorial-scale seismic vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings is developed and presented in this paper. The method combines expert-judgment and mechanical approaches to derive typological fragility curves for Italian residential masonry building stock. The first classifies Italian masonry buildings in five different typological classes as function of age of construction, structural typology, and seismic behaviour and damaging of buildings observed following the most severe earthquakes occurred in Italy. The second, based on numerical analyses results conducted on building prototypes, provides all the parameters necessary for developing fragility functions. Peak-Ground Acceleration (PGA) at Ultimate Limit State attainable by each building’s class has been chosen as an Intensity Measure to represent fragility curves: three types of curve have been developed, each referred to mean, maximum and minimum value of PGAs defined for each building class. To represent the expected damage scenario for increasing earthquake intensities, a correlation between PGAs and Mercalli-Cancani-Sieber macroseismic intensity scale has been used and the corresponding fragility curves developed. Results show that the proposed building’s classes are representative of the Italian masonry building stock and that fragility curves are effective for predicting both seismic vulnerability and expected damage scenarios for seismic-prone areas. Finally, the fragility curves have been compared with empirical curves obtained through a macroseismic approach on Italian masonry buildings available in literature, underlining the differences between the methods.

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Generation of fragility curves for Turkish masonry buildings considering in-plane failure modes

Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics ◽

10.1002/eqe.760 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 387-405 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

M. Altuğ Erberik

Keyword(s):

Failure Modes ◽

Fragility Curves ◽

Masonry Buildings ◽

Plane Failure

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Seismic vulnerability of traditional masonry building a case study of Byasi, Bhaktapur

Journal of Science and Engineering ◽

10.3126/jsce.v4i0.22377 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

Shyam Sundar Basukala ◽

Prem Nath Maskey

Keyword(s):

Seismic Vulnerability ◽

Linear Time ◽

Fragility Curves ◽

Time History ◽

Masonry Building ◽

Masonry Buildings ◽

Masonry Structures ◽

Rapid Visual Screening ◽

Visual Screening

Historic buildings of Nepal are mainly constructed from masonry structure. Since masonry structures are weak in tension which leads to the failure of structure. So, to avoid possible damage in environment lives and property it is urgent to conduct vulnerability assessments. Seismic vulnerability of historic masonry buildings constructed in Bhaktapur at Byasi area is carried out for the case study. Five load bearing masonry buildings were selected out of 147 buildings considering opening percentage, storey and type of floor for modeling in SAP 2000 V10 Various methods of rapid visual screening (FEMA 154, EMS 98) are used to determine the vulnerability of the selected building. The Selected Building response is carried out by linear time history analysis. The seismic vulnerability of masonry structures is determined in terms of fragility curves which represent the probability of failure or damage due to various levels of strong ground motions for different damage state slight, moderate, extensive and collapse. From the result of Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Fragility curves of the buildings it is found that whole, buildings are found vulnerable from future earthquake.

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Implications of cumulated seismic damage on the seismic performance of unreinforced masonry buildings

Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering ◽

10.5459/bnzsee.47.2.157-170 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 157-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Amaryllis Mouyiannou ◽

Andrea Penna ◽

Maria Rota ◽

Francesco Graziotti ◽

Guido Magenes

Keyword(s):

Nonlinear Dynamic ◽

Fragility Curves ◽

Seismic Damage ◽

Unreinforced Masonry ◽

Masonry Building ◽

Masonry Buildings ◽

Seismic Capacity ◽

Building Stock ◽

Dynamic Analyses ◽

Nonlinear Dynamic Analyses

The seismic capacity of a structure is a function of the characteristics of the system as well as of its state, which is mainly affected by previous damage and deterioration. The cumulative damage from repeated shocks (for example during a seismic sequence or due to multiple events affecting an unrepaired building stock) affects the vulnerability of masonry buildings for subsequent events. This paper proposes an analytical methodology for the derivation of state-dependent fragility curves, taking into account cumulated seismic damage, whilst neglecting possible ageing effects. The methodology is based on nonlinear dynamic analyses of an equivalent single degree of freedom system, properly calibrated to reproduce the static and dynamic behaviour of the structure. An application of the proposed methodology to an unreinforced masonry case study building is also presented. The effect of cumulated damage on the seismic response of this prototype masonry building is further studied by means of nonlinear dynamic analyses with the accelerograms recorded during a real earthquake sequence that occurred in Canterbury (New Zealand) between 2010 and 2012.

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Fragility Curves for Italian Urm Buildings Based on a Hybrid Method

10.21203/rs.3.rs-341542/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Sandoli ◽

Gian Piero Lignola ◽

Bruno Calderoni ◽

Andrea Prota

Keyword(s):

Seismic Vulnerability ◽

Fragility Curves ◽

Limit State ◽

Ultimate Limit State ◽

Masonry Building ◽

Masonry Buildings ◽

Seismic Behaviour ◽

Building Stock ◽

Ground Acceleration ◽

Damage Scenario

Abstract A hybrid seismic fragility model for territorial-scale seismic vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings is developed and presented in this paper. The method combines expert-judgment and mechanical approaches to derive typological fragility curves for Italian residential masonry building stock. The first classifies Italian masonry buildings in five different typological classes as function of age of construction, structural typology, and seismic behaviour and damaging of buildings observed following the most severe earthquakes occurred in Italy. The second, based on numerical analyses results conducted on building prototypes, provides all the parameters necessary for developing fragility functions.Peak-Ground Acceleration (PGA) at Ultimate Limit State attainable by each building’s class has been chosen as an Intensity Measure (IM) to represent fragility curves: three types of curve have been developed, each referred to mean, maximum and minim value of PGAs defined for each buildings class.To represent the expected damage scenario for increasing earthquake intensities, a correlation between PGAs and Mercalli-Cancani-Sieber (MCS) macroseismic intensity scale has been used and the corresponding fragility curves developed.Results show that the proposed building’s classes are representative of the Italian masonry building stock and that fragility curves are effective for predicting both seismic vulnerability and expected damage scenarios for seismic-prone areas. Finally, the fragility curves have been compared with empirical curves obtained through a macroseismic approach on Italian masonry buildings available in literature, underlining the differences between the methods.

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Seismic Vulnerability of Italian Historical Towns: The Case of Borgo San Rocco

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.109.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 109 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Valentina Cima ◽

Valentina Tomei ◽

Ernesto Grande ◽

Maura Imbimbo

Keyword(s):

Seismic Vulnerability ◽

Fragility Curves ◽

Masonry Buildings ◽

Safety Level ◽

Seismic Safety ◽

Collapse Mechanisms ◽

Complex Process ◽

Out Of Plane ◽

Historical Masonry ◽

A Current

The assessment of the seismic safety level of masonry buildings is a current and important issue at the basis of the complex process of preservation of historical masonry buildings which constitute mostly the Italian and European towns. Nowadays, different approaches able to provide important information concerning the seismic safety level of masonry structures are available. Among these, fragility curves allow to have a prediction of potential damages during an earthquake of geographical areas characterized by similar construction typologies. The present paper concerns the derivation of fragility curves of masonry buildings, typical of Italian historical towns and mainly characterized by the possible occurrence of local out-of-plane collapse mechanisms. To this end, a real case is accounted in the study in order to consider specific parameters characterizing the constructions composing these territorial realities.

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Empirical Fragility Curves for Masonry Buildings in Slow-Moving Landslide-Affected Areas of Southern Italy

Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions - Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_529 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1825-1828 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Settimio Ferlisi ◽

Gianfranco Nicodemo ◽

Dario Peduto

Keyword(s):

Southern Italy ◽

Fragility Curves ◽

Masonry Buildings ◽

Slow Moving

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A Multilevel Procedure at Urban Scale to Assess the Vulnerability and the Exposure of Residential Masonry Buildings: The Case Study of Pordenone, Northeast Italy

Heritage ◽

10.3390/heritage3040080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 1433-1468

Author(s):

Marco Vettore ◽

Marco Donà ◽

Pietro Carpanese ◽

Veronica Follador ◽

Francesca da Porto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Residential Buildings ◽

Fragility Curves ◽

Multicriteria Analysis ◽

Residential Building ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Masonry Buildings ◽

Building Stock ◽

Damage Scenarios ◽

Residential Building Stock ◽

Definition Of

More than the 60% of the Italian residential building stock had already been built by 1974, when seismic codes were enforced on a minimal part of the country. Unreinforced masonry buildings represent most of that share, but they are typical for each region, in terms of both materials and structural configurations. The definition of ‘regional’, i.e., more specific, vulnerability and exposure models are required to improve existing forecast models. The research presents a new geographic information system (GIS)-based multilevel procedure for earthquake disaster prevention planning at urban scale; it includes multicriteria analysis, such as architectural types, structural vulnerability analysis, microzonation studies, and socio-economic aspects. The procedure has been applied to the municipality of Pordenone (PN), a district town of the Friuli–Venezia–Giulia region, in Northeast Italy. To assess the urban seismic risk, more than 5000 masonry residential buildings were investigated and common types within sub-municipal areas and exposure data were collected. Simplified mechanical analysis provided a ‘regional’ vulnerability model through typological fragility curves. The integration of results into GIS tool permitted the definition of cross-mapping among vulnerability, damage scenarios (conditional and unconditional) and exposure (seismic losses, casualties, impact), with respect to various earthquake intensities expected in the town. These results are presented at different scales: from the single building, to submunicipal area and to the entire town.

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