A Wirelessly Controlled Shape-Memory Alloy-Based Bistable Metal Swimming Device

Shape memory Nitinol has long been used for actuation. However, utilizing Nitinol to fabricate novel devices for various applications is a challenge, but has shown incredible promise and impacts. Bistable metal strips are widely adopted for shape morphing purposes (primarily in kid’s toys, e.g., snap bracelets) due to their easy and robust transformation between two states. In this paper, we combine Nitinol shape memory alloy and bistable metal strip to fabricate a swimming actuator with both slow moving and fast snapping capability, akin to an octopus swimming slowly in water, but quickly moving upon encountering a threat. The actuator developed here can also swim in multiple directions, all controlled by a wireless module. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an on-board sensor can be incorporated for potential environmental monitoring applications. Taken together, along with the fact that the device developed here has no mechanical parts, makes this an interesting potential alternative to more expensive, and energy consuming boats.

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Land Creeping (Slow-Moving) at Seomyeon, Suncheon-Si Area

This study was conducted to prevent land creeping by examining various features such as geology, topography, and physical characteristics, using the case of a land-crawled region. The first land creeping occurred in Seomyeon Suncheon-si in 2000, and the second occurred in 2020; the damaged surface area of the second event was approximately 21.7 times that of the first, and it was discovered Sunchoen-si Landcreep occur because of forest road cut affected. After 1 h, it was moderate at a soil depth of 20, 100, 200, and 250 cm from the surface soil, according to a measurement result of soil dispersity. It was severe at soil depths of 100, 200, and 250 cm, and the clay soil between the bedrock was mild to severe, and it was determined to be severe in locations where groundwater was leaching. The objective study area was a typical land creeping-type landslide caused by weathered rocks, and this area belonged to a type of convex terrain ground (凸) form. The land creeping occurred in the convex area (凸). As a result of analyzing the landslide hazard grade, the creeping land area is found to be different from ordinary landslides because it includes most areas of landslide hazard grade 3–5 and out of the grade. Results show that the land creeping has proceeded in the directions of S15°E, S20°E, S25°E, and S30°E, which is consistent with the direction following the flow duration of groundwater determined using the electrical resistivity survey method.

Telepsychology

Telepsychology, until recently, was slow-moving and half-heartedly acknowledged in the mental health profession. There is increasing scholarly discourse on the digital therapeutic space. This shift to a digital paradigm means re-evaluating the profession's identity. This chapter considers telepsychology in relation to social justice. It highlights access for underserved groups and the digital divide that limits a substantial population from accessing online services. It identifies the need to integrate telepsychology in community psychology interventions, a significant framework to challenge systemic inequalities in mental health. It outlines the inadequacy of the profession to support needs of diversity in the field and considers if telehealth is one way to bring a shift in the homogenous identity of the profession. Telepsychology has the potential to amplify adherence to social justice principles; however, this requires evolved responses on individual, institutional, and systemic levels to bring unconventional but substantial changes in training, research, and regulatory guidelines.

Slow Debt, Deep Recessions

Business credit lags GDP growth by about one year. This contributes to high leverage during recessions and slow deleveraging. We show that a model in which firms use risky long-term debt replicates this slow adjustment of firm debt. In the model, slow-moving debt has important effects for real activity. High levels of firm debt issued during expansions are only gradually reduced during recessions. This generates an adverse feedback loop between high default rates and low investment and thereby amplifies the downturn. Sluggish deleveraging slows down the recovery. (JEL E23, E32, E44, G31, G32)

Multivariate Markov Chain Model for Sales Demand Estimation in a Company

Estimation of the number of demands for a product must be done correctly, so that the company can get maximum profit. Therefore, this study discusses how to estimate the amount of sales demand in a company correctly. The model that will be used to estimate sales demand is the Multivariate Markov Chain Model. This model can estimate the future state by observing the present state. The model requires parameter estimation values ​​first, namely the transition probability matrix and the weighted Markov chain, where in previous studies an estimation of the transition probability matrix has been carried out, so that in this study we will continue to estimate the weighted Markov chain parameters. This model is compatible with 5 data sequences (product types) defined as product 1, product 2, product 3, product 4, and product 5, with 6 conditions (no sales volume, very slow-moving, slow-moving, standard, fast moving, and very fast moving). As the result, the state probability for product 1, product 2 and product 3 in company 1 are stationary at state 6 (very fast moving), product 4 and product 5 are stationary at state 2 (very slow moving).

Analisa Perbaikan Tata Letak Gudang Coil dengan Metode Class Based Storage

Pengaturan tata letak mempunyai peranan penting dalam mempercepat proses operasi suatu sistem. Sistem pengaturan tata letak coil yang menggunakan random storage masih berdampak pada perusahaan seperti tingkat waktu dan kelelahan pekerja. Penempatan produk yang belum sesuai dengan spesifikasi tempat membuat proses kerja yang lama seperti pada saat loading shipment, handling coil dari line packing dan pada proses transfer ke intermediate. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengefektifkan sistem tata letak coil sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan sistem kerja. Penelitian menggunakan metode class based storage yang membagi produk ke dalam tiga klasifikasi yaitu fast moving, medium moving, dan slow moving. Klasifikasi diawali dengan mengurutkan material berdasarkan frekuensi perpindahan. Perubahan pengaturan tata letak coil mampu memberikan tingkat efisiensi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan random storage. Perbandingan waktu shipment lebih cepat dari area fast moving ke area shipment yaitu memakan waktu tempuh 1 menit. Tingkat efisiensi jarak mencapai 66% jika fast moving ditempatkan ke area C4 dan 29% jika fast moving ditempatkan di C2. Pengaturan dengan pendekatan class based storage mampu memberikan hasil yang optimal terkait dengan efisiensi jarak.

Effect of connected and autonomous vehicles on traffic flow at a bidirectional road

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) on traffic flow under various parameters. For this purpose, we propose a mixed CAV and conventional vehicle (CV) model to investigate a bidirectional two-lane traffic flow under the periodic boundary condition. The traffic flux and the phase diagrams of the system in the ([Formula: see text]) area are constructed in both cases: with and without CAVs. The overtaking frequency is also calculated. The simulation findings show that the traffic capacity is greatly enhanced with the increase in the CAV penetration ratio. Owing to the cooperative driving strategy, with the increase in penetration ratio of the CAV, the portion of smooth overtaking is boosted. Furthermore, it is found that the traffic throughput is positively correlated to the speed limit of the fast vehicle where the flux increases as [Formula: see text] increases. Also, even if there is a low rate of slow moving vehicles in the system, it will have an appreciable and a significant negative influence.

Interlaboratory Validation of Toxicity Testing Using the Duckweed Lemna minor Root-Regrowth Test

The common duckweed (Lemna minor), a freshwater monocot that floats on the surfaces of slow-moving streams and ponds, is commonly used in toxicity testing. The novel Lemna root- regrowth test is a toxicity test performed in replicate test vessels (24-well plates), each containing 3 mL test solution and a 2–3 frond colony. Prior to exposure, roots are excised from the plant, and newly developed roots are measured after 3 days of regrowth. Compared to the three internationally standardized methods, this bioassay is faster (72 h), simpler, more convenient (requiring only a 3-mL) and cheaper. The sensitivity of root regrowth to 3,5-dichlorophenol was statistically the same as using the conventional ISO test method. The results of interlaboratory comparison tests conducted by 10 international institutes showed 21.3% repeatability and 27.2% reproducibility for CuSO4 and 21.28% repeatability and 18.6% reproducibility for wastewater. These validity criteria are well within the generally accepted levels of <30% to 40%, confirming that this test method is acceptable as a standardized biological test and can be used as a regulatory tool. The Lemna root regrowth test complements the lengthier conventional protocols and is suitable for rapid screening of wastewater and priority substances spikes in natural waters.