Augmentative releases of Trichopria drosophilae for the suppression of early season Drosophila suzukii populations

A major challenge to the area-wide management of Drosophila suzukii is understanding the fly’s host use and temporal dynamics, which may dictate local movement patterns. We determined D. suzukii’s seasonal host use in California’s San Joaquin Valley by sampling common crop and non-crop fruits in a temporal sequence of fruit ripening. We then evaluated the suitability of selected fruits as hosts. Drosophila suzukii emerged from both intact and damaged cherries during the cooler, early season period. Fly density remained low through the hot spring–summer period and re-surged as temperatures lowered in fall when the fly did not cause damage to intact peach, nectarine, plum, pear, grape, pomegranate, apple, persimmon and citrus (in order of ripening) but did emerge from the damaged fruits of these crops. The fly also emerged from two ornamental fruits (loquats and cactus) but was not found on wild plum and two endemic wild fruits (buckthorn and bitter berry). Drosophila suzukii completed development (egg to adult) on cactus, mandarin carpel, pomegranate seed, wild plum and buckthorn at survival rates similar to cherry (51.2–68.8%), whereas it had a lower survival rate on bitter cherry (33.2%), table grape (31.5%), raisin grape (26.5%), and wine grape (4.5%). The high acidity levels of grapes negatively affected the fly’s fitness. Among 10 cherry cultivars, survival rate was not affected by sugar content, but it decreased with increasing egg density per gram of fruit. Results suggest that in California’s San Joaquin Valley, the early season crops are most vulnerable, summer fruits ripen during a period of low pest pressure, and late season fruits, when damaged, serve to sustain D. suzukii’s populations in this region.

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The feasibility and efficacy of early-season releases of a generalist predator (Forficula auriculariaL.) to control populations of the RAA (Dysaphis plantagineaPasserini) in Southeastern France

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485315001042 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 (2) ◽

pp. 233-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

H. Dib ◽

M. Jamont ◽

B. Sauphanor ◽

Y. Capowiez

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Control Site ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Commercial Application ◽

Generalist Predator ◽

Free Access ◽

High Survival ◽

Forficula Auricularia ◽

Early Season ◽

Augmentative Releases

AbstractAugmentative biological control is not commonly used in commercial orchards. We used an exclusion system to evaluate the potential of early-season releases of the European earwig (Forficula auriculariaL., Dermaptera: Forficulidae) for control of the rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantagineaPasserini, Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the spring of 2009 in two pesticide-free apple orchards. In order to conduct this experiment we successfully reared earwigs with a high survival rate of nymphs (more than 96%) which may have commercial application. There were three treatments in the study: (i) a ‘release treatment’ where we confined the released earwigs in the canopy by using a barrier system; (ii) an ‘exclusion treatment’ where we blocked free access of earwigs into the canopy using the same barrier system; and (iii) a ‘control treatment’ that represented the natural situation. Contrary to expectations, earwig releases did not reduceD. plantagineapopulations. In general, the abundance of natural enemies and their groups did not differ significantly among treatments, except for earwigs. We observed that the exclusion systems we used successfully kept both earwigs and ants away from tree canopies; total numbers on trees in the ‘exclusion treatment’ were significantly lower than on the other two treatments. Due to the complexity and difficulty of evaluating augmentative releases of natural enemies in open orchard conditions, we conclude that new technical approaches to control site conditions are needed when conducting such studies.

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Efficacy and side effects of the insect proof nets against spotted-wing drosophila,Drosophila suzukii, on cherry and soft fruits in Italy

10.1603/ice.2016.111445 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Nicola Mori

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽

Drosophila Suzukii ◽

Proof Nets ◽

Soft Fruits

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Potential classical biological control of spotted wing drosophila,Drosophila suzukii(Diptera: Drosophilidae) with parasitoids from China

10.1603/ice.2016.112355 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Zhang

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Classical Biological Control ◽

Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽

Drosophila Suzukii

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Monitoring and exclusion of Drosophila suzukii on fruit crops and wild hosts

10.1603/ice.2016.111587 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Lizabeth R Herrera

Keyword(s):

Fruit Crops ◽

Drosophila Suzukii ◽

Wild Hosts

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Biological control of invasive forest pests using augmentative releases of natural enemies native to China

10.1603/ice.2016.94665 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Zhong-qi Yang

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Forest Pests ◽

Augmentative Releases

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Effects of insecticides on adults and eggs of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera, Drosophilidae)

Revista Colombiana de Entomología ◽

10.25100/socolen.v43i2.5945 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 208 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Daniele Cristine Hoffmann Schlesener ◽

Jutiane Wollmann ◽

Juliano De Bastos Pazini ◽

Anderson Dionei Grützmacher ◽

Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

South America ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Stone Fruits ◽

Drosophila Suzukii ◽

Ovicidal Effect ◽

Mere Presence ◽

South Of Brazil ◽

Different Cultures ◽

First Time

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera, Drosophilidae) is an exotic species, endemic to Asia and currently a pest to small and stone fruits in several countries of North America and Europe. It was detected in 2013 for the first time in South America, in the south of Brazil. Unlike most drosophilids, this species deserves special attention, because the females are capable of oviposit inside healthy fruits, rendering their sale and export prohibited. Despite the confirmed existence of this species in different states of Brazil, this insect is yet been to be given the pest status. Nevertheless, the mere presence of this species is enough to cause concern to producers of small fruits and to justify further investigation for it’s control, especially chemical control for a possible change in status. Therefore, the goal of this work was to evaluate, in laboratory, mortality of D. suzukii adults and ovicidal effect when exposed to different insecticides registered for species of the Tephritidae and Agromyzidae families in different cultures. The insecticides deltamethrin, dimethoate, spinosad, fenitrothion, phosmet, malathion, methidathion, and zeta-cypermethrin resulted in mortality to 100 % of the subjects three days after the treatment (DAT). Regarding the effects over eggs, it was established that the insecticides fenitrothion, malathion, and methidathion deemed 100 % of the eggs not viable, followed by phosmet and diflubenzuron, which also caused elevated reduction in the eclosion of larvae two DAT.

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