Direct use values and passive use values: implications for conservation of large carnivores

One of the crucial links of ecosystem is forest and its resources. Apart from producing direct use values, it provides several environmental benefits like pollution control, carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, micro climate regulations etc. Forests are still an almost neglected sector and are consistently undervalued in economic and social terms. Though the area under forest cover has increased, India is still far from its target. Due to different peculiar characteristics, we are not able to valuate forest resources by traditional method of valuation. There is a need to proper insight into forest cover and its valuation methodologies. Through this article, we have tried to estimate the growth pattern, status and trends in India’s forest cover along with its method of valuation.

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Valuasi Ekonomi Ekosistem Mangrove di Desa Timbulsloko Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak

BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA ◽

10.14710/buloma.v10i1.31359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 42-50

Author(s):

Vita Fitriana Mayasari ◽

Rudhi Pribadi ◽

Nirwani Soenardjo

Keyword(s):

Economic Valuation ◽

Economic Value ◽

Mangrove Ecosystem ◽

Use Value ◽

Existence Value ◽

Mangrove Ecosystems ◽

Use Values ◽

Total Economic Value ◽

Direct Use ◽

Descriptive Method

Ekosistem mangrove memiliki fungsi fisik, ekologi, dan ekonomi bagi manusia. Pemanfaatan mangrove yang tidak konservatif dapat menimbulkan kerusakan mangrove dan abrasi. Pemulihan ekosistem mangrove dengan rehabilitasi dan konservasi dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat ini mendorong diperlukannya perhitungan valuasi ekonomi terhadap ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui total use value dan non use value ekosistem mangrove di Desa Timbulsloko, Kecamatan Sayung, Kabupaten Demak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif untuk menghimpun data monografi terkait ekosistem mangrove dan metode eksploratif untuk penentuan use value dan non use value ekosistem mangrove. Responden penelitian adalah 30 orang terdiri dari 29 masyarakat dan 1 orang perangkat desa yang berkaitan dengan keberadaan ekosistem mangrove secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan September – Desember 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai total ekonomi ekosistem mangrove di Desa Timbulsloko adalah Rp 164.897.377,1/ha/tahun atau Rp 12.703.693.939/ tahun dengan luasan ekosistem mangrove 77,04 ha. Nilai tersebut terdiri dari total use value dan non use value dari sektor perikanan dan kelautan yang terkait dengan ekosistem mangrove. Use value sebesar Rp 11.095.403.189/tahun atau Rp 144.021.329/ha/tahun. Use value meliputi nilai guna langsung, nilai guna tidak langsung, dan nilai pilihan. Sedangkan non use value sebesar Rp 1.608.290.750/tahun atau Rp 20.876.048,16/ha/tahun. Non use value meliputi nilai keberadaan dan nilai warisan. Mangrove ecosystem has physical, ecological and economical functions for humans. Non conservative use of mangrove can cause mangrove damage and abrasion. Restoration of mangrove ecosystems with rehabilitation and conservation can increase community income. The increasing of community income can cause the need of economic valuation calculations for the mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to determine the total of use value and non-use value of the mangrove ecosystem in Timbulsloko Village, Sayung District, Demak Regency. The method used in this study was a descriptive method to collect monograph data related to mangrove ecosystems and an exploratory method for determining use value and non-use value of the mangrove ecosystem. The research respondents were 30 residents consisting of 29 communities and 1 village officer who were directly and indirectly related to the existence of the mangrove ecosystem. This researched was conducted in September – December 2017. The result showed that the total economic value of the mangrove ecosystem in Timbulsloko Village was Rp. 164,897,377.1 / ha / year or Rp. 12,703,693,939 / year in 77.04ha of mangrove ecosystem area range. This value consists of the total use value and non-use value from the fisheries and marine sector which associated with the mangrove ecosystem. The use value of IDR 11,095,403,189 / year or IDR 144,021,329 / ha / year. The use values include direct use value, indirect use value, and option value. Meanwhile, the non-use value is IDR 1,608,290,750 / year or IDR 20,876,048.16 / ha / year. The non-use values include existence value and bequest value.

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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Landscape Restoration: A Stocktake

Land ◽

10.3390/land9110465 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 465

Author(s):

Priscilla Wainaina ◽

Peter A. Minang ◽

Eunice Gituku ◽

Lalisa Duguma

Keyword(s):

Economic Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Global Perspective ◽

Data Generation ◽

Benefit Analysis ◽

Landscape Restoration ◽

Use Values ◽

Direct Use

With the increase in demand for landscape restoration and the limited resources available, there is need for economic analysis of landscape restoration to help prioritize investment of the resources. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is a commonly applied tool in the economic analysis of landscape restoration, yet its application seems limited and varied. We undertake a review of CBA applications to understand the breadth, depth, and gaps. Of the 2056 studies identified in literature search, only 31 met our predefined criteria. Three studies offered a global perspective, while more than half were conducted in Africa. Only six countries benefit from at least 2 CBA studies, including Brazil, Ethiopia, Kenya, Vietnam, South Africa, and Tanzania. About 60% focus on agroforestry, afforestation, reforestation, and assisted natural regeneration practices. Only 16% covered all cost categories, with opportunity costs being the least covered. Eighty-four percent apply direct use values, while only 16% captured the non-use values. Similarly, lack of reliable data due to predictions and assumptions involved in data generation influenced CBA results. The limited number of eligible studies and the weaknesses identified hereinabove suggest strong need for improvements in both the quantity and quality of CBA to better inform planning, policies, and investments in landscape restoration.

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Stated Preference Approaches for Measuring Passive Use Values: Choice Experiments and Contingent Valuation

American Journal of Agricultural Economics ◽

10.2307/3180269 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 64-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 666

Author(s):

Wiktor Adamowicz ◽

Peter Boxall ◽

Michael Williams ◽

Jordan Louviere

Keyword(s):

Contingent Valuation ◽

Stated Preference ◽

Choice Experiments ◽

Use Values ◽

Passive Use Values

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Valuasi Ekonomi Hutan Mangrove di Pulau Untung Jawa Kepulauan Seribu : Studi Konservasi Berbasis Green Economy

Omni-Akuatika ◽

10.20884/1.oa.2016.12.1.29 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dandy E Prasetiyo ◽

Firman Zulfikar ◽

Shinta Shinta

Keyword(s):

Economic Valuation ◽

Economic Value ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Green Economy ◽

Coastal Protection ◽

Use Value ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Use Values ◽

Total Economic Value ◽

Direct Use

Promoting forest as one of green economy asset in Indonesia become an important agenda in the process of development. Forests have an important role as a source of foreign exchange and also as a form of natural resource wealth. The era of globalization with the accelerated economic growth increases the need for both, the fields of agriculture, infrastructure, land requirements and other sectors. Increased human needs are giving a positive correlation to the increased pressure on forests. Mangrove forests as one of the most productive ecosystems in the world are also experiencing the same threat. The expansion of settlements and ponds in coastal areas lead to degradation of mangrove forests is very high. The economic value of mangrove forests of diverse functions such as shoreline protection, habitat for aquatic organisms, carbon storage, and a variety of other functions has not been a lot of concern to the public and policy makers. This study aimed to quantify the economic value of mangrove forests in Untung Jawa Island, Thousand Islands as an effort to support the government's program to realize the green economy in the forestry sector. Method of economic calculation mangrove forests in this research is to calculate the Total Economic Value / Total Economic Valuation (TEV), which consists of direct use values (Direct Use Value) and indirect use values (Indirect Use Value). The results showed that the direct use value of mangrove forests in Untung Jawa Island is Rp. 395,126,912 which includes the value of timber, fruit value, and the value of the fishery, while the indirect use value is Rp. 7,500,600,000 calculated from the value of coastal protection, the value of foraging, conservation value, educational value, and recreational value. The total economic value (total economic value) of mangrove forests in Untung Jawa Island reached Rp. 7,895,726,912Keywords : mangrove, green economy, total economic valuation

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Economic Valuation for Cultural and Passive Ecosystem Services Using a Stated Preference (Contingent Valuation Method (CVM)) Case of the Elgeyo Watershed Ecosystem, Kenya

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2021/5867745 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Justus E. Eregae ◽

Paul Njogu ◽

Rebecca Karanja ◽

Moses Gichua

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Stated Preference ◽

Contingent Valuation Method ◽

Economic Valuation ◽

Economic Value ◽

Valuation Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Use Values ◽

Ecological Conservation ◽

Passive Use Values

Valuation of ecosystem services (ESs) can be typical as use values and passive use values. However, the prevailing conventional markets provide economic instruments such as price tags to ecosystem use values, but rarely on passive use values. This is limited since it does not provide comprehensive ecological values that will adequately support rational decision-making processes regarding ecological conservation. The study adopted the contingency valuation method (CVM) where three hundred and eighty households of communities living within the Elgeyo watershed were sampled. The findings recorded 97% of the population was willing to pay for the ESs quoted. Individual maximum WTP ranged between 1 USD and 57.1 USD (cultural), 1 USD and 95.2 USD (bequest), and 1 USD and 76.2 USD (biodiversity conservation). The overall mean maximum WTP was 7.4 ± 0.34 USD, 9.1 ± 0.49 USD, and 11.1 ± 0.68 USD for the cultural, bequest, and biodiversity, respectively. The multivariate regression (maximum WTP as a function of administrative location, education, income, sex, age, and livestock number) exhibited a significant difference regardless of multivariate criteria used, where Wilks’ lambda has F (75,203) = 4.03, p < 0.001 . The findings provide an economic value for nonuse values that can be incorporated in total economic valuation (TEV) studies locally as well as provide an impetus on payment of ecosystem services (PES) in Kenya.

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