scholarly journals Superficial wall stress: the long awaited comprehensive biomechanical parameter to objectify and quantify our intuition

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Gutiérrez-Chico
Keyword(s):  
Wall Stress ◽  
Biomechanical Parameter

In vitro Cell Wall Stress Assay for Fusarium oxysporum

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Pérez-Nadales ◽  
Antonio Di Pietro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Cell Wall Stress

scholarly journals WALL STRESS IN ASCENDING AORTA ANEURYSMS AS A PREDICTIVE FACTOR OF BREAKAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Burgos Lázaro ◽  
N Burgos Frías ◽  
S Serrano-Fiz García ◽  
V Ospina Mosquera ◽  
F Rojo Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Traction Test

Abstract INTRODUCTION The surgical indication for ascending aortic aneurysms (AAA) is established when the maximum diameter > 50 mm; It responds to Laplace's Law (T wall = P × r / 2e). The aim of the study is to define wall stress in AAA. MATERIAL AND METHODS 218 ascending aortic walls have been studied: 96 from organ donors, and 122 from AAA: Marfán 58 (47.5%), bicuspid aortic valve 26 (21.4%), and atherosclerosis 38 (31.1%). The samples were studied "in vitro", according to the model Young's (relationship between stress and deformed area), by means of the mechanical traction test (Tension = Force / Area). The analysis was performed with the stress-elongation curve (d Tension / d Elongation). RESULTS The stress of the aortic wall, classified from highest to lowest according to pathology and age was: cystic necrosis of the middle layer, arteriosclerosis, age > 60 years, between 35 and 59, and < 34 years. The stress of “control aortas” wall increased directly in relation to the age of the donors. CONCLUSIONS The maximum diameter of the ascending aorta, the patient's type of pathology and age are factors that affect the maximum tension of the aortic wall and resistance, factors that allow differentiation and prediction of the risk of rupture of the AAA. The validation of the results obtained through numerical simulation was significant and the uniaxial analysis has modeled the response of the vessels to their internal pressure.

scholarly journals Associations of markers of arterial stiffness and remodeling with new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Ahmadizar ◽  
K Wang ◽  
F Mattace Raso ◽  
MA Ikram ◽  
M Kavousi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Circumferential Wall Stress ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. Arterial stiffness/remodeling results in impaired blood flow and, eventually, decreased glucose disposal in peripheral tissues and increased blood glucose. Besides, increased arterial stiffness/remodeling may lead to hypertension, as a potential reciprocal risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We, therefore, hypothesized that increased arterial stiffness/remodeling is associated with an increased risk of T2D. Purpose. To study the associations between arterial stiffness/remodeling and incident T2D. Methods. We used the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study. Common carotid arterial properties were ultrasonically determined in plaque-free areas. Aortic stiffness was estimated by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf_PWV), carotid stiffness was estimated by the carotid distensibility coefficient (carDC). Arterial remodeling was estimated by carotid artery lumen diameter (carDi), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), mean circumferential wall stress (CWSmean), and pulsatile circumferential wall stress (CWSpuls). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the associations between arterial stiffness/remodeling and the risk of incident T2D, adjusted for age, sex, cohort, mean arterial pressure (MAP), antihypertensive medications, heart rate, non- high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, lipid-lowering medications, and smoking. We included interaction terms in the fully adjusted models to study whether any significant associations were modified by sex, age, blood glucose, or MAP. Spearman correlation analyses were applied to examine the correlations between measurements of arterial stiffness/remodeling and glycemic traits. Results. We included 3,055 individuals free of T2D at baseline (mean (SD) age, 67.2 (7.9) years). During a median follow-up of 14.0 years, 395 (12.9%) T2D occurred. After adjustments, higher cf_PWV (hazard ratio (HR),1.18; 95%CI:1.04-1.35), carDi (1.17; 1.04-1.32), cIMT (1.15; 1.01-1.32), and CWSpuls (1.28; 1.12-1.47) were associated with increased risk of incident T2D. After further adjustment for the baseline glucose, the associations attenuated but remained statistically significant. Sex, age, blood glucose, or MAP did not modify the associations between measurements of arterial stiffness/remodeling, and incident T2D. Among the population with prediabetes at baseline (n = 513) compared to the general population, larger cIMT was associated with a greater increase in the risk of T2D. Most measurements of arterial stiffness/remodeling significantly but weakly correlated with baseline glycemic traits, particularly with blood glucose.  Conclusions. Our study suggests that greater arterial stiffness/remodeling is independently associated with an increased risk of T2D development. Blood glucose and hypertension do not seem to play significant roles in these associations. Further studies should disentangle the underlying mechanism that links arterial stiffness/remodeling and T2D.

Identification of cell-wall stress as a hexose-dependent and osmosensitive regulator of plant responses

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Hamann ◽  
Mark Bennett ◽  
John Mansfield ◽  
Christopher Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Cell Wall Stress

scholarly journals Echocardiographic assessment of global left ventricular function in mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Stypmann ◽  
Markus A Engelen ◽  
Clemens Troatz ◽  
Markus Rothenburger ◽  
Lars Eckardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Global Left Ventricular ◽  
Mitral Inflow ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate ◽  
Echocardiographic Assessment ◽  
Murine Echocardiography

Doppler-echocardiographic assessment of cardiovascular structure and function in murine models has developed into one of the most commonly used non-invasive techniques during the last decades. Recent technical improvements even expanded the possibilities. In this review, we summarize the current options to assess global left ventricular (LV) function in mice using echocardiographic techniques. In detail, standard techniques as structural and functional assessment of the cardiovascular phenotype using one-dimensional M-mode echocardiography, two-dimensional B-mode echocardiography and spectral Doppler signals from mitral inflow respective aortal outflow are presented. Further pros and contras of recently implemented techniques as three-dimensional echocardiography and strain and strain rate measurements are discussed. Deduced measures of LV function as the myocardial performance index according to Tei, estimation of the mean velocity of circumferential fibre shortening, LV wall stress and different algorithms to estimate the LV mass are described in detail. Last but not least, specific features and limitations of murine echocardiography are presented. Future perspectives in respect to new examination techniques like targeted molecular imaging with advanced ultrasound contrast bubbles or improvement of equipment like new generation matrix transducers for murine echocardiography are discussed.

scholarly journals Left Ventricular Wall Stress Calculated from One-Plane Cineangiography

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERMAN L. FALSETTI ◽  
ROBERT E. MATES ◽  
COLIN GRANT ◽  
DAVID G. GREENE ◽  
IVAN L. BUNNELL
Keyword(s):  
Wall Stress ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Wall ◽  
Ventricular Wall
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