Aneugenic effects of the genistein glycosidic derivative substituted at C7 with the unsaturated disaccharide

Abstract Using the example of 2-day-old Triticum aestivum seedlings, grown in hydroponic culture, the cytological effects of pesticides with various mechanisms of the damaging were studied: the herbicides metribuzin, tribenuron-methyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and the fungicides tebuconazole, epoxiconazole, and azoxystrobin. All pesticides showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the development of the roots of Triticum aestivum, but did not affect the mitotic activity and did not reduce the mitotic index of root apex meristem cells. Herbicides and fungicides affected the duration of metaphase, anophase, prophase, and cytokinesis activity in the root apex meristem of the wheat, and these changes were specific for the six studied preparations. Under the influence of all pesticides, the number of abnormal cells increased significantly, to the greatest extent (10–12 times compared with control - distilled water) under the influence of herbicides tribenuron-methyl and phenoxaprop-ethyl and fungicides azoxystrobin and epoxiconazole; to a lesser extent - under the influence of metribuzin and tebuconazole (6–7 times). For all studied pesticides the manifestation of cyto- and genotoxicity, including both clastogenic and aneugenic effects, was revealed in relation to the non-target plant Triticum aestivum. Under the influence of pesticides, structural anomalies, caused by chromosome breakdown (bridges, fragments, micronuclei) and spindle damage (lagging chromosomes and their fragments, uneven chromosome separation) were detected in the cells of the Triticum aestivum root apex meristem.

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Cytological assays for the evaluation of genotoxicity in plants: A review

South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.38150/sajeb.4(4).p141-149 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 141-149

Author(s):

Sazada Siddiqui

Keyword(s):

Comet Assay ◽

Chromosomal Aberration ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Micronucleus Assay ◽

Short Term ◽

Metabolic System ◽

Action Mechanisms ◽

Chromosomal Aberration Assay ◽

Aneugenic Effects

Plants model are recognized as excellent genetic models to detect environ-mental mutagens and are frequently used in xenomoitoring studies. Several assays such as chromosomal aberration assay, micronucleus assay and comet assay are used for detecting the mutagenicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of environmental pollutants. It is easily handled and has advantages over other short-term tests that require pervious preparation of tested samples as well as the addition of exogenous metabolic system. Plants model also enables to evaluate different end points such as chromosomal aberration assay (CAA), micronucleus assay (MNA) and comet assay (CA) that have been used to detect genotoxicity of environmental pollutants. In addition, plants model provides important information to evaluate action mechanisms of an agent about its effects on the genetic material (clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects). It has been widely used to assess the impacts caused by xenobiotic, characterizing an important tool for environmental monitoring studies. The present review describes the two important assays using plant models that are appropriate and efficient cytogenetic materials for the detection of geno-toxicity of environmental pollutants.

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Liquid-chromatographic determination of urinary glycosaminoglycans for differential diagnosis of genetic mucopolysaccharidoses.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/32.1.30 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 30-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C Kodama ◽

N Ototani ◽

M Isemura ◽

J Aikawa ◽

Z Yosizawa

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

High Performance ◽

Dermatan Sulfate ◽

Chromatographic Determination ◽

Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽

Chondroitin Ac Lyase ◽

Liquid Chromatographic ◽

Hunter's Syndrome ◽

Unsaturated Disaccharide

Abstract Glycosaminoglycans in urine from patients with various mucopolysaccharidoses were digested with chondroitin ABC lyase (EC 4.2.2.4) or chondroitin AC lyase (EC 4.2.2.5), then converted into fluorescent pyridylamino derivatives and analyzed by "high-performance" liquid chromatography. Chromatograms of the chondroitin ABC lyase digests of samples from nine patients with Hunter's syndrome all showed a major peak for unsaturated disaccharide-4-sulfate, derived from dermatan sulfate, and another specific but unidentified peak (peak x). All samples from patients with Hurler's and Scheie's syndromes contained another specific component (peak y), besides the disaccharide-4-sulfate. A sample from a patient with Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome showed peaks for N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfate and the disaccharide-4-sulfate, but neither peak x nor peak y. A sample from a patient with Morquio's disease showed a much higher ratio of the 6-sulfate to 4-sulfate than in other diseases, and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate was detected. We tentatively identified peaks x and y as the pyridylamino derivatives of 2-O-sulfo-L-idosyluronic acid 4-O-sulfo-N-acetylgalactosamine and L-idosyluronic acid 4-O-sulfo-N-acetylgalactosamine, respectively. This method may be useful in differential diagnosis.

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Aneugenic Effects of Epirubicin in Somatic and Germinal Cells of Male Mice

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0109942 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e109942 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sabry Mohamed Attia ◽

Sheikh Fayaz Ahmad ◽

Radwa Mohamed Okash ◽

Saleh Abdulrahman Bakheet

Keyword(s):

Male Mice ◽

Germinal Cells ◽

Aneugenic Effects

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A genotoxicity study on N-acryloyl-N′-phenylpiperazine: implications of aneugenic effects in risk evaluations

Mutation Research Letters ◽

10.1016/0165-7992(93)90069-8 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 301 (4) ◽

pp. 275-279

Author(s):

M. Taningher ◽

P. Pellerano ◽

M.P. Terranova ◽

D. Malacarne ◽

S. Bonatti

Keyword(s):

Aneugenic Effects

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The copolymeric structure of pig skin dermatan sulphate. Characterization of d-glucuronic acid-containing oligosaccharides isolated after controlled degradation of oxydermatan sulphate

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1430369 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 143 (2) ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Lars-Åke Fransson ◽

Lars Cöster ◽

Anders Malmström ◽

Ingrid Sjöberg

Keyword(s):

General Formula ◽

Glucuronic Acid ◽

Periodate Oxidation ◽

Dermatan Sulphate ◽

Chondroitinase Abc ◽

Pig Skin ◽

Iduronic Acid ◽

Unsaturated Disaccharide ◽

Selective Periodate Oxidation

Selective periodate oxidation of unsubstituted l-iduronic acid residues in copolymeric dermatan sulphate chains was followed by reduction-hydrolysis or alkaline elimination. By this procedure the glucuronic acid-containing periods were isolated in oligosaccharide form; general formula: [Formula: see text] Further degradation of these oligosaccharides with chondroitinase-AC yielded three types of products: (a) sulphated trisaccharide containing an unsaturated uronosyl moiety in the non-reducing terminal and a C4 fragment in the reducing terminal, ΔUA-GalNAc-(-SO4)-R; (b) monosulphated, unsaturated disaccharide, ΔUA-GalNAc-SO4 when n is greater than or equal to 2; and (c) N-acetylgalactosamine with or without sulphate. Oligosaccharides containing a single glucuronic acid residue (n=1) comprised more than half of the glucuronic acid-containing oligosaccharides. The terminal N-acetylgalactosamine moiety of the shortest oligosaccharide was largely 4-sulphated, whereas higher oligosaccharides primarily contained 6-sulphated or unsulphated hexosamine moieties in the same position. Moreover, IdUA-SO4-containing oligosaccharides were encountered. These oligosaccharides were resistant to the action of chondroitinase-ABC.

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