School Achievement and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: The Role of Self-efficacy and Peer Relationships at School

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cattelino ◽  
Antonio Chirumbolo ◽  
Roberto Baiocco ◽  
Emanuela Calandri ◽  
Mara Morelli
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
School Achievement

scholarly journals Adjustment to COVID-19 Lockdown Among Italian University Students: The Role of Concerns, Change in Peer and Family Relationships and in Learning Skills, Emotional, and Academic Self-Efficacy on Depressive Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Calandri ◽  
Federica Graziano ◽  
Tatiana Begotti ◽  
Elena Cattelino ◽  
Silvia Gattino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
University Students ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

In Italy strict containment measures against COVID-19 pandemic were implemented from March to May 2020 with home confinement and schools and universities closed. Students shifted to remote learning, experienced a forced isolation from peers and an increased sharing of time and spaces with the family. The influence of these aspects on the psychological adjustment of university students is largely unexplored. This paper was aimed at investigating the role of some correlates of depressive symptoms specific to the lockdown condition experienced by young university students, namely contagion concern, perceived worsening of family, and peer relationships and perceived worsening of learning skills. Moreover, the possible mediating effects of emotional and academic self-efficacy in these relationships were examined. Data were collected from 296 Italian university students (aged 18–25 years; 83% female students) through an online survey by means of a snowball sampling methodology in May 2020. Significant depressive symptoms were reported by 67% of participants. Contagion concerns were related to depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of emotional self-efficacy. Worsening of learning skills was related to depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of academic self-efficacy. Depressive symptoms were directly related to worsening of family relationships but unrelated to worsening of peer relationships. Results are discussed in relation to the need of preventive interventions for this specific population in view of academic activities planning in the post-COVID 19 period.

scholarly journals The Influence of Discrepancies between Parents’ Educational Aspirations and Children’s Educational Expectations on Depressive Symptoms of Left-Behind Children in Rural China: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11713
Author(s):  
Xiaoou Man ◽  
Jiatong Liu ◽  
Yutong Bai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Educational Aspirations ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

Although long-term separation has made discrepancies between parents’ educational aspirations and children’s own educational expectations among families with left-behind children (LBC), limited researches on the influence of these discrepancies on children’s mental health are carried out at present. Based on China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) conducted in 2018, we selected 875 LBC aged 9~15 as the sample, explored the influence of the direction and degree of these discrepancies on LBC’s depressive symptoms by hierarchical regression, and examined the mediating role of children’s academic self-efficacy and mediation effect pathway with Baron and Kenny method and Bootstrap mediation analysis methods. Results showed that LBC’s mental health was worse when parents’ educational aspirations were higher than their children’s educational expectations, compared to that without discrepancies. The degree of such discrepancies was negatively associated with LBC’s mental health. In the relationship between the direction of discrepancies and LBC’s depressive symptoms, academic self-efficacy played a mediating role partially. In addition, the study indicated that mothers played a significant role in the development of LBC’s mental health. These findings also provided critical evidence for the intervention practice of LBC’s mental health.

scholarly journals The role of self-control, self-efficacy, metacognition, and motivation in predicting school achievement

Psihologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Vladimir Dzinovic ◽  
Rajka Djevic ◽  
Ivana Djeric
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Eighth Grade Students

Self-control and self-regulated learning refer to those processes and strategies whereby individuals exert agency in facing educational demands. This study tested a structural model which predicts that self-control has direct effect on school achievement, as well as mediated by metacognitive self-regulation, academic self-efficacy, and regulatory motivational styles as the variables related to self-regulated learning. The research was carried out on a stratified random sample of 575 eighth grade students. It was shown that the effect of self-control on achievement is mediated by self-efficacy. In other words, students who have heightened selfcontrol and believe in their own ability to meet school demands will be successful in school regardless of the complexity of their learning or whether they are autonomously motivated. The implications of such a finding were considered, as well as the limitations of the research and the indications for future research.

scholarly journals Peer social preference and depressive symptoms of children in Italy and the United States

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Lansford ◽  
Cristina Capanna ◽  
Kenneth A. Dodge ◽  
Gian Vittorio Caprara ◽  
John E. Bates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Social Preference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Relationship Problems ◽  
American Children ◽  
Italian Children

This study examined the role of low social preference in relation to subsequent depressive symptoms, with particular attention to prior depressive symptoms, prior and concurrent aggression, mutual friendships, and peer victimization. Italian children ( N = 288) were followed from grade 6 through grade 8, and American children ( N = 585) were followed from kindergarten through grade 12. Analyses demonstrate that low social preference contributes to later depressive symptoms. The effects are not accounted for by depressive symptoms or aggression experienced prior to low social preference but are mostly accounted for by the co-occurrence of depressive symptoms with concurrent aggressive behavior; gender, mutual friendships, and peer victimization generally did not moderate these associations. We conclude that peer relationship problems do predict later depressive symptoms, and a possible mechanism through which this effect occurs is through the effect of poor peer relationships on increasing aggressive behavior, which is associated with depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Social Media, Depressive Symptoms and Well-Being in Early Adolescence. The Moderating Role of Emotional Self-Efficacy and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Calandri ◽  
Federica Graziano ◽  
Luca Rollé
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Moderating Role

The study of the psychological effects of social media use on adolescents’ adjustment has long been the focus of psychological research, but results are still inconclusive. In particular, there is a lack of research on the positive and negative developmental outcomes and on possible moderating variables, especially concerning early adolescence. To fill these gaps in literature, the present study longitudinally investigated the relationships between social media use, depressive symptoms, affective well-being and life satisfaction, as well as the moderating role of emotional self-efficacy and gender. The study involved 336 Italian early adolescents (mean age = 13, sd = 0.3; 48% girls) who completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire twice within a year. Main results showed that higher social media use was related to higher depressive symptoms, lower affective well-being and lower life satisfaction among girls with lower emotional self-efficacy. Conversely, high social media use was related to higher affective well-being and higher life satisfaction for girls with higher emotional self-efficacy. Results are discussed in relation to their implications for risk prevention and health promotion among early adolescents. In particular, our results suggest that promoting emotional self-efficacy can be very helpful in making the use of social media an opportunity for well-being and life satisfaction rather than a developmental risk.

Depressive Symptoms and Gambling Behavior: Mediating Role of Coping Motivation and Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K. Takamatsu ◽  
Matthew P. Martens ◽  
Brooke J. Arterberry
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Mediating Role

scholarly journals Exploring the Protective Function of Positivity and Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy in Time of Pandemic COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13171
Author(s):  
Eriona Thartori ◽  
Concetta Pastorelli ◽  
Flavia Cirimele ◽  
Chiara Remondi ◽  
Maria Gerbino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Containment Measures

Despite several empirical studies on the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic that have highlighted its detrimental effect on individuals’ mental health, the identification of psychological factors that may moderate its impact on individuals’ behavior and well-being remains partly unexplored. The present study was conceived to examine the mediation role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy in the relationship between positivity and anxiety, depression, and perceived self-efficacy in complying with the containment measures to contrast the COVID-19 spread. Furthermore, the moderation role of age was tested. A sample of 1258 participants (64.2% women; Mage = 42.09, SD = 13.62) enrolled from the Italian general population answered an online survey aimed at investigating the role of individual differences in facing the COVID-19 pandemic. We opted for a snowball recruiting procedure to find participants. The online survey was disseminated through email invitation and using social media platforms (i.e., Facebook, Instagram). A multi-group path analysis model was performed using Mplus 8.4 to explore the hypothesized relations among variables. The following criteria were employed to evaluate the goodness of fit: χ2 likelihood ratio statistic, CFI and TLI > 0.95, RMSEA < 0.06 and SRMR < 0.08. The findings corroborated the protective role of both positivity and regulatory emotional self-efficacy in reducing individuals’ anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as in fostering individuals’ capabilities in complying with the containment measures imposed by the government to reduce the risk of illness and to contain the spread of the virus COVID-19. Specifically, regulatory emotional self-efficacy beliefs partially mediated the relations between positivity and anxiety and depressive symptoms and fully mediated the effect of positivity on perceived self-efficacy beliefs in complying with the containment measures. These paths were equal across ages. The results of the present study appear relevant to implementing psychological interventions aimed to reduce the deleterious effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health through the promotion of individuals’ optimistic orientation and emotion regulation.

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