scholarly journals High-resolution simulations of decadal climate variability impacts on spring and winter wheat yields in the Missouri River Basin with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram M. Mehta ◽  
Katherin Mendoza ◽  
Norman J. Rosenberg ◽  
Raghavan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Decadal Climate Variability ◽  
Decadal Climate ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

scholarly journals High-resolution Simulations of Decadal Climate Variability Impacts on Spring and Winter Wheat Yields in the Missouri River Basin with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Mehta ◽  
Katherin Mendoza ◽  
Norman J. Rosenberg ◽  
Raghavan Sriniva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Decadal Climate Variability ◽  
Decadal Climate ◽  
Agricultural Regions ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract The Missouri River Basin (MRB) encompasses one of the most important agricultural regions in the world. Three decadal climate variability (DCV) phenomena - the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), the tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) gradient variability (TAG), and the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) variability – substantially influence hydro-meteorology and, consequently, spring and winter wheat yields in the MRB as indicated by data from 1961 to 2010. We applied the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate DCV impacts on wheat yields in response to realistic values of the DCV indices in approximately 13,500 hydrologic unit areas covering the MRB. SWAT, driven by scenarios of past hydro-meteorological anomalies associated with positive and negative phases of the PDO and TAG, indicated major impacts on wheat yields, as much as ± 40% of the average in many locations, with smaller impacts of the WPWP variability. SWAT showed much larger wheat yield increases when the positive phase of the PDO and the negative phase of the TAG are superposed, and an equivalent decrease in yields when opposite phases of the two DCV phenomena are superposed. Thus, combined effects of DCV phenomena on wheat yields in the MRB can be dramatic with important consequences for food production and security. The usefulness of this inter-disciplinary study to farmers and other stakeholders for adapting MRB agriculture to DCV, and the applicability of the methodology to other agricultural regions are described. The results’ implications for detection and attribution of climatic change impacts are also described.

scholarly journals High-Resolution Simulations of Decadal Climate Variability Impacts on Water Yield in the Missouri River Basin with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2455-2476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram M. Mehta ◽  
Katherin Mendoza ◽  
Prasad Daggupati ◽  
Raghavan Srinivasan ◽  
Norman J. Rosenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Positive Phase ◽  
Decadal Climate Variability ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Decadal Climate ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

ABSTRACT The Missouri River basin (MRB) is the largest river basin in the United States and is one of the most important agricultural regions in the world. Three decadal climate variability (DCV) phenomena—the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), the tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) gradient variability (TAG), and the west Pacific warm pool SST variability (WPWP)—substantially influence hydrometeorology in the MRB. The authors report on a simulation study with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to estimate impacts on water availability in response to realistic values of PDO, TAG, and WPWP indices in approximately 13 500 hydrologic unit areas covering the MRB. SWAT, driven by hydrometeorological anomalies associated with positive and negative phases of PDO and TAG, indicated major impacts on water yields and streamflows, as much as ±40% of the average in many locations. Impacts of the WPWP index were smaller. Consistent with observations during 1949–2010, SWAT showed water flow increases of as much as 80% of the average, causing very wet periods when the positive phase of the PDO and the negative phase of the TAG at extreme amplitudes were superposed. Water flows decreased by a similar amount, resulting in severe to extreme droughts when the negative phase of the PDO and the positive phase of the TAG at extreme amplitudes were superposed. Thus, the combined and cumulative effects of these DCV phenomena on water flows, droughts, and wet periods in the MRB can be dramatic, with important consequences for all water-consuming sectors as well as for feedbacks to the climate system.

scholarly journals Value of decadal climate variability information for agriculture in the Missouri River basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 517-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Andres Fernandez ◽  
Pei Huang ◽  
Bruce McCarl ◽  
Vikram Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Decadal Climate Variability ◽  
Decadal Climate

scholarly journals Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool to Simulate the Pesticide Dynamics in the Data Scarce Guayas River Basin, Ecuador

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Cambien ◽  
Sacha Gobeyn ◽  
Indira Nolivos ◽  
Marie Anne Eurie Forio ◽  
Mijail Arias-Hidalgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Agricultural intensification has stimulated the economy in the Guayas River basin in Ecuador, but also affected several ecosystems. The increased use of pesticides poses a serious threat to the freshwater ecosystem, which urgently calls for an improved knowledge about the impact of pesticide practices in this study area. Several studies have shown that models can be appropriate tools to simulate pesticide dynamics in order to obtain this knowledge. This study tested the suitability of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate the dynamics of two different pesticides in the data scarce Guayas River basin. First, we set up, calibrated and validated the model using the streamflow data. Subsequently, we set up the model for the simulation of the selected pesticides (i.e., pendimethalin and fenpropimorph). While the hydrology was represented soundly by the model considering the data scare conditions, the simulation of the pesticides should be taken with care due to uncertainties behind essential drivers, e.g., application rates. Among the insights obtained from the pesticide simulations are the identification of critical zones for prioritisation, the dominant areas of pesticide sources and the impact of the different land uses. SWAT has been evaluated to be a suitable tool to investigate the impact of pesticide use under data scarcity in the Guayas River basin. The strengths of SWAT are its semi-distributed structure, availability of extensive online documentation, internal pesticide databases and user support while the limitations are high data requirements, time-intensive model development and challenging streamflow calibration. The results can also be helpful to design future water quality monitoring strategies. However, for future studies, we highly recommend extended monitoring of pesticide concentrations and sediment loads. Moreover, to substantially improve the model performance, the availability of better input data is needed such as higher resolution soil maps, more accurate pesticide application rate and actual land management programs. Provided that key suggestions for further improvement are considered, the model is valuable for applications in river ecosystem management of the Guayas River basin.

scholarly journals Application of SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) to the Abay River Basin of Ethiopia: The Case of Didessa Sub Basin

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timketa Adula Duguma
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Sensitive Parameters ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract: In this study the semi-distributed model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), were applied to evaluate stream flow of Didessa sub basin, which is one of the major sub basins in Abay river basin of Ethiopia. The study evaluated the quality of observed meteorological and hydrological data, established SWAT hydrological model, identified the most sensitive parameters, evaluated the best distribution for flow and developed peak flow for major tributary in the sub basin. The result indicated that the SWAT model developed for the sub basin evaluated at multi hydro-gauging stations and its performance certain with the statistical measures, coefficient about determination (R2) and also Nash coefficient (NS) with values ranging 0.62 to 0.8 and 0.6 to 0.8 respectively at daily time scale. The values of R2 and NS increases at monthly time scale and found ranging 0.75 to 0.92 and 0.71 to 0.91 respectively. Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify parameters those were most sensitive for the sub basin. CN2, GWQMN, CH_K, ALPHA_BNK and LAT_TIME are the most sensitive parameters in the sub basin. Finally, the peak flow for 2-10000 returns periods were determined after the best probability distribution is identified in EasyFit computer program.

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