Environmental Taxation and Import Demand for Environmental Goods: Theory and Evidence from the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-352
Author(s):  
Carl Gaigné ◽  
Lota D. Tamini
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Import Demand ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Goods

Transfers as a Means to Combat European Spillovers

2005 ◽  
Vol 225 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk T.G. Rübbelke ◽  
Eytan Sheshinski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Eu

SummaryIn 2004, there was a further enlargement of the European Union. Among the new member countries are eight Central and Eastern European countries. Especially the accession countries located directly at the border to the EU generate significant environmental spillovers harming the Union. These spillovers are mitigated but not deleted by the enlargement regulations.In this paper we will therefore analyze an instrument which may further diminish the spillover problems: transfers, which are conditional on a tightening of environmental policy in the accession countries. The environmental policy considered is the policy of environmental taxation.

scholarly journals WTO Negotiations on Market Access in Agriculture: a Comparison of Alternative Tariff Cut Proposals for the EU and the US

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Bureau ◽  
Luca Salvatici
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Market Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Import Demand ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This paper provides a summary measure of the possible new commitments in the area of agricultural market access undertaken by the European Union and the United States, using the Trade Restrictiveness Index (TRI) as the tariff aggregator. We take the 2001 bound tariffs as the starting point and attempt to assess how much liberalization in agriculture could be achieved in the European Union and the United States as a result of the present negotiations. We compute the index for 20 agricultural commodity aggregates under the actual commitments assuming a specific functional form for import demand. We compare the present levels of the TRI with three hypothetical cases: a repetition of the same set of tariff cuts commitments of the Uruguay Round according to a EU proposal prior to the 2003 WTO ministerial meeting, a uniform 36% reduction of each tariff, an harmonization ( "Swiss" ) formula based on the initial US proposal.

Environmental taxation in the European Union—Analysis, challenges, and the future

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 043129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Golušin ◽  
Olja Munitlak Ivanović ◽  
Sanja Filipović ◽  
Andrea Andrejević ◽  
Jelena Djuran
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Environmental taxation and the need for tax limits in the EU legal system = Fiscalidad ambiental y la necesidad de límites tributarios en el ordenamiento jurídico de la UE

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Carlos María López Espadafor
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
State Taxes ◽  
Fiscal Pressure ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fiscal Harmonization

Abstract: In spite of the fact that almost all the European Union member States have similar princi­ples of tax justice, there is not an express specification about them in the Primary Law of the Union. The institutions of the European Union have some tax competences given by their member States, specially highlighting fiscal harmonization of certain state taxes. The tax harmonization directives, despite this lack of express specification, cannot forget these principles of tax justice. The argument of the environmental taxation of hydrocarbons has been used to increase the fiscal pressure over the gasoline until a point where its legitimacy should be discussed, not only from the constitutional point of view, but also from the Euro­pean Union Treaties. Individual States are not the only ones responsible for this situation but also European Union institutions are, since the tax on mineral oils has been harmonized by European Union directives.Keywords: environmental taxation, European Union, limits.Resumen: A pesar del hecho de que en la mayoría de los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea existen unos principios de justicia tributaria similares, no existe una especificación expresa de éstos en el Derecho Originario de la Unión. Las instituciones de ésta tienen determinadas competencias en materia tributaria atribuidas por sus Estados miembros, especialmente en relación a la armonización fiscal de ciertos impuestos estatales. Las directivas de armonización fiscal, a pesar de esta falta de especificación expresa, no pueden olvidar estos principios de justicia tributaria. El argumento de la fiscalidad ambiental de los hidrocarburos ha sido utilizado para incrementar la presión fiscal sobre los carburantes hasta un nivel con respecto al cual sería discutible su legitimidad, no sólo desde el punto de vista constitucional, sino también desde la perspectiva de los Tratados de la Unión Europea. Los Estados individualmente considerados no son los únicos responsables de esta situación, sino que también lo son las instituciones de la Unión Europea, desde el momento en que la imposición sobre hidrocarburos se encuentra armoni­zada conforme a directivas de la Unión.Palabras clave: fiscalidad ambiental, Unión Europea, límites.

Section III. Prospects for the European Union

2002 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 23-33
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Import Demand ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Inventory Accumulation

GDP in the Euro Area fell by 0.2 per cent in the final quarter of 2001, the first quarterly decline since 1993. With the notable exception of Spain, output declined or stagnated in all the Euro Area economies that have published GDP figures for the fourth quarter. Germany and Austria experienced a technical recession in the latter half of last year, with two consecutive quarters in which output declined. Outside the Euro Area, Sweden and Denmark both recorded modest growth in the final quarter of the year. In the case of Sweden this stemmed from a weakening of the currency against the euro, while Danish growth was supported by an expansion in government expenditure. The widespread downturn in the Euro Area resulted from further contractions in corporate expenditure. Private sector investment and inventory accumulation made a negative contribution to output growth in 2001 as a whole; in contrast consumers' expenditure remained relatively resilient, especially in France and Spain. Trade contracted markedly towards the end of the year, especially in Germany and France. Export and import volumes in the Euro Area both declined by 0.6 per cent in the final quarter of the year. For the year as a whole, net trade made a strong positive contribution to growth, reflecting exceptionally weak import demand in Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Finland.

scholarly journals European Union Import Demand for In-Shell Peanuts

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 941-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullaya Boonsaeng ◽  
Stanley M. Fletcher ◽  
Carlos E. Carpio
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Import Demand ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Expenditure Elasticity ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
The Eu

This paper analyzes the European Union (EU) import demand for in-shell peanuts from three sources: the United States, China, and the rest of the world. We find that peanuts from different sources are differentiated by EU consumers. The expenditure elasticity is elastic for U.S. in-shell peanuts, which is associated with their higher quality. The conditional own price elasticities are more elastic for U.S. and Chinese in-shell peanuts. These findings have at least two implications. First, U.S. producers and exporters should direct efforts to ensure that in-shell peanuts exported to the EU are of the best possible quality, and, second, promotion efforts should stress the quality of U.S peanuts as an advertising tool.

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