Application of ligninolytic potentials of a white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum for degradation of lindane

Many dyes and pigments are used in textile and printing industries, and their wastewater has been classed as a top source of pollution. Biodegradation of dyes by fungal laccase has great potential. In this work, the influence of reaction time, pH, temperature, dye concentration, metal ions, and mediators on laccase-catalyzed Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye (RBBR) decolorization were investigated in vitro using crude laccase from the white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum. The optimal decolorization percentage (50.3%) was achieved at 35 °C, pH 4.0, and 200 ppm RBBR in 30 min. The mediator effects from syringaldehyde, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, and vanillin were compared, and 0.1 mM vanillin was found to obviously increase the decolorization percentage of RBBR to 98.7%. Laccase-mediated decolorization percentages significantly increased in the presence of 5 mM Na+ and Cu2+, and decolorization percentages reached 62.4% and 62.2%, respectively. Real-time fluorescence-quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and protein mass spectrometry results showed that among the 15 laccase isoenzyme genes, Glac1 was the main laccase-contributing gene, contributing the most to the laccase enzyme activity and decolorization process. These results also indicate that under optimal conditions, G. lucidum laccases, especially Glac1, have a strong potential to remove RBBR from reactive dye effluent.

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Improvement of laccase activity by silencing PacC in Ganoderma lucidum

10.21203/rs.3.rs-233177/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mingwen Zhao ◽

Jing Zhu ◽

Shuqi Song ◽

Lindan Lian ◽

Liang Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Laccase Activity ◽

Ph Value ◽

Fold Increase ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Copper Binding ◽

Multicopper Oxidases ◽

Binding Domains ◽

Laccase Genes

Abstract Ganoderma lucidum is a representative white-rot fungus that has great potential to degrade lignocellulose biomass. Laccase is recognized as a class of the most important lignin-degrading enzymes in G. lucidum. However, the comprehensive regulatory mechanisms of laccase are still lacking. Based on the genome sequence of G. lucidum, 15 laccase genes were identified and their encoding proteins were analyzed in this study. All of the laccase proteins are predicted to be multicopper oxidases with conserved copper-binding domains. Most laccase proteins were secreted enzymes in addition to Lac14 in which the signal peptide could not be predicted. The activity of all laccases showed the highest level at pH 3.0 or pH 7.0, with total laccase activity of approximately 200 U/mg protein. Silencing PacC resulted in a 5.2 fold increase in laccase activity compared with WT. Five laccase genes (lac1, lac6, lac9, lac10 and lac14) showed an increased transcription levels (approximately 1.5-5.6 fold) in the PacC-silenced strains versus that in WT, while other laccase genes were downregulated or unchanged. The extracellular pH value was about 3.1, which was more acidic in the PacC-silenced strains than in the WT (pH 3.5). Moreover, maintaining the fermentation pH resulted in a downregulation of laccase activity which is induced by silencing PacC Our findings indicate that in addition to its function in acidification of environmental pH, PacC plays an important role in regulating laccase activity in fungi.

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A laccase Gl-LAC-4 purified from white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum had a strong ability to degrade and detoxify the alkylphenol pollutants 4-n-octylphenol and 2-phenylphenol

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124775 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 124775

Author(s):

Hao Wang ◽

Wei Deng ◽

Mengheng Shen ◽

Ge Yan ◽

Wei Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Strong Ability

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INFLUENCES OF ETHYLENE STIMULATION OF RUBBER TREES (Hevea brasilliensis) ON THE EXTRACTIVES AND FUNGAL RESISTANCE OF LUMBER

CERNE ◽

10.1590/01047760201622032183 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 223-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Banyat Cherdchim ◽

Jareeya Satansat

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Fungal Resistance ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Rubber Latex ◽

Brown Rot Fungus ◽

Wood Extracts ◽

Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Ethylene stimulation increases the rubber latex yield of live rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis). Lumber samples from ethylene treated rubberwood (TRW) and from untreated rubberwood (URW) were compared mainly for their resistance to fungi, differences in the chemical composition between TRW and URW, and the antifungal activities of their aqueous extracts. The TRW had significantly higher lignin and extractives contents than the URW, but the TRW had comparatively poor resistance to fungal rotting. The white rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum and the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum striantum caused in vitro significantly higher mass loss in TRW than in URW. This might be related to the phenolic compounds 2,4-ditert-butylphenol and 4-hydroxy-3,5- dimethoxy-benzaldehyde. The aqueous wood extracts strongly inhibited growth of G. lucidum, with lesser effects on the other fungi tested. Caffeine was detected in the TRW, but not the URW. However, the caffeine degraded so quickly that it had no effect on the 6 and 12 weeks fungal resistances of wood samples.

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Lignin-Modifying Enzymes of the White Rot Basidiomycete Ganoderma lucidum

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.65.12.5307-5313.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. 5307-5313 ◽

Cited By ~ 116

Author(s):

Trevor M. D’Souza ◽

Carlos S. Merritt ◽

C. Adinarayana Reddy

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Laccase Activity ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Mesh Size ◽

Syringic Acid ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Laccase Production ◽

Malt Extract

ABSTRACT Ganoderma lucidum, a white rot basidiomycete widely distributed worldwide, was studied for the production of the lignin-modifying enzymes laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP). Laccase levels observed in high-nitrogen (HN; 24 mM N) shaken cultures were much greater than those seen in low-nitrogen (2.4 mM N), malt extract, or wood-grown cultures and those reported for most other white rot fungi to date. Laccase production was readily seen in cultures grown with pine or poplar (100-mesh-size ground wood) as the sole carbon and energy source. Cultures containing both pine and poplar showed 5- to 10-fold-higher levels of laccase than cultures containing pine or poplar alone. Since syringyl units are structural components important in poplar lignin and other hardwoods but much less so in pine lignin and other softwoods, pine cultures were supplemented with syringic acid, and this resulted in laccase levels comparable to those seen in pine-plus-poplar cultures. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of concentrated extracellular culture fluid from HN cultures showed two laccase activity bands (M r of 40,000 and 66,000), whereas isoelectric focusing revealed five major laccase activity bands with estimated pIs of 3.0, 4.25, 4.5, 4.8, and 5.1. Low levels of MnP activity (∼100 U/liter) were detected in poplar-grown cultures but not in cultures grown with pine, with pine plus syringic acid, or in HN medium. No LiP activity was seen in any of the media tested; however, probing the genomic DNA with the LiP cDNA (CLG4) from the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium showed distinct hybridization bands suggesting the presence oflip-like sequences in G. lucidum.

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Evaluation of diuron tolerance and biotransformation by the white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum

Fungal Biology ◽

10.1016/j.funbio.2017.10.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 122 (6) ◽

pp. 471-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jaqueline da Silva Coelho-Moreira ◽

Tatiane Brugnari ◽

Anacharis B. Sá-Nakanishi ◽

Rafael Castoldi ◽

Cristina G.M. de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus

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Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides: Immunomodulation and Potential Anti-Tumor Activities

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x11008610 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (01) ◽

pp. 15-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 162

Author(s):

Zengtao Xu ◽

Xiuping Chen ◽

Zhangfeng Zhong ◽

Lidian Chen ◽

Yitao Wang

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Tumor Therapy ◽

White Rot ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Cytotoxic Effects

Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum), a basidiomycete white rot fungus, has long been prescribed to prevent and treat various human diseases, particularly in China, Japan, and Korea. Several classes of bioactive substances have been isolated and identified from G. lucidum, such as triterpenoids, polysaccharides, nucleosides, sterols, and alkaloids, among others. This paper examines the potential role of G. lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) in tumor therapy and the possible mechanisms involved. Both in vitro and in vivo studies suggested that the anti-tumor activities of GLPS are mediated by its immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic, and cytotoxic effects. GLPS affects immune cells and immune-related cells including B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells. In addition, recent data also suggest that GLPS suppresses tumorigenesis or inhibits tumor growth through direct cytotoxic effect and anti-angiogenic actions. However, many questions still need to be answered before both G. lucidum and GLPS can be widely accepted and used as anti-tumor agents.

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