Community assembly in temperate forest birds: habitat filtering, interspecific interactions and priority effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Klingbeil ◽  
Michael R. Willig
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Habitat Filtering

scholarly journals A phylogenetic approach to disentangling the role of competition and habitat filtering in community assembly of Neotropical forest birds

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Gómez ◽  
Gustavo A. Bravo ◽  
Robb T. Brumfield ◽  
José G. Tello ◽  
Carlos Daniel Cadena
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Neotropical Forest

scholarly journals Four fundamental processes of community assembly

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Ladau ◽  
Steven J. Schwager
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Ecological Models ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Stochastic Sampling ◽  
Sampling Process ◽  
Ecological Mechanisms

A central aim of ecology is understanding the mechanisms of community assembly. To address this problem, community assembly is often modeled as a sampling process, in which species are selected from a pool of available species, possibly with effects of interspecific interactions, habitat filtering, and other ecological mechanisms. However, the fundamental stochastic sampling process by which species are selected from the pool remains unexplored. Here we demonstrate the distinctness of four canonical sampling processes, the Bernoulli, Plackett-Luce, multinomial, and fractional multinomial processes. Each process can be affected by ecological mechanisms or it can occur in their absence. Although all four of the processes are a priori plausible and the first two are widely used in ecological models, we show that the multinomial and fractional multinomial processes broadly underlie community assembly.

Conservation and Restoration of Grasslands

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Wilsey
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Woody Plant Encroachment ◽  
Humpty Dumpty ◽  
Alternate States ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Stocking Rates

Conservation programs alter herbivore stocking rates and find and protect the remaining areas that have not been plowed or converted to crops. Restoration is an ‘Acid Test’ for ecology. If we fully understand how grassland systems function and assemble after disturbance, then it should be easy to restore them after they have been degraded or destroyed. Alternatively, the idea that restorations will not be equivalent to remnants has been termed the ‘Humpty Dumpty’ hypothesis—once lost, it cannot be put back together again. Community assembly may follow rules, and if these rules are uncovered, then we may be able to accurately predict final species composition after assembly. Priority effects are sometimes found depending on species arrival orders, and they can result in alternate states. Woody plant encroachment is the increase in density and biomass of woody plants, and it is strongly affecting grassland C and water cycles.

Bryophyte community assembly on young land uplift islands – Dispersal and habitat filtering assessed using species traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2188-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Karlsson Tiselius ◽  
Sofi Lundbäck ◽  
Niklas Lönnell ◽  
Roland Jansson ◽  
Mats Dynesius
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Land Uplift

scholarly journals Forest passerines as a novel dispersal vector of viable bryophyte propagules

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1897) ◽  
pp. 20182253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Chmielewski ◽  
Sarah M. Eppley
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Dispersal Vectors ◽  
Migratory Routes ◽  
Dispersal Vector ◽  
Spore Load

Animal dispersal influences the community structure and diversity of a wide variety of plant taxa, yet the potential effects of animal dispersal in bryophytes (hornworts, liverworts, and mosses) is poorly understood. In many communities, birds use bryophyte-abundant niche space for foraging and gathering nest material, suggesting that birds may play a role in bryophyte dispersal. As highly motile animals with long migratory routes, birds potentially provide a means for both local and long-distance bryophyte dispersal in a manner that differs greatly from passive, aerial spore dispersal. To examine this phenomenon, we collected and germinated bryophyte propagules from the legs, feet and tails of 224 birds from 34 species within a temperate forest community. In total we found 1512 spores, and were able to germinate 242 bryophyte propagules. In addition, we provide evidence that topical (externally-carried) spore load varies by bird species and behaviour. Tail feather spore abundance is highest in bark and foliage gleaning species and is positively correlated with tarsal length. Together, these data suggest that a variety of forest birds exhibit the potential to act as dispersal vectors for bryophyte propagules, including an abundance of spores, and that understanding the effects of animal behaviour on bryophyte dispersal will be key to further understanding this interaction.

scholarly journals Community trait overdispersion due to trophic interactions: concerns for assembly process inference

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1840) ◽  
pp. 20161729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Pontarp ◽  
Owen L. Petchey
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Secondary Consumers ◽  
Trait Space

The expected link between competitive exclusion and community trait overdispersion has been used to infer competition in local communities, and trait clustering has been interpreted as habitat filtering. Such community assembly process inference has received criticism for ignoring trophic interactions, as competition and trophic interactions might create similar trait patterns. While other theoretical studies have generally demonstrated the importance of predation for coexistence, ours provides the first quantitative demonstration of such effects on assembly process inference, using a trait-based ecological model to simulate the assembly of a competitive primary consumer community with and without the influence of trophic interactions. We quantified and contrasted trait dispersion/clustering of the competitive communities with the absence and presence of secondary consumers. Trophic interactions most often decreased trait clustering (i.e. increased dispersion) in the competitive communities due to evenly distributed invasions of secondary consumers and subsequent competitor extinctions over trait space. Furthermore, effects of trophic interactions were somewhat dependent on model parameters and clustering metric. These effects create considerable problems for process inference from trait distributions; one potential solution is to use more process-based and inclusive models in inference.

Disentangling the roles of diversity resistance and priority effects in community assembly

Oecologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duarte S. Viana ◽  
Bertha Cid ◽  
Jordi Figuerola ◽  
Luis Santamaría
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Priority Effects

scholarly journals Ecosystem size-induced environmental fluctuations affect the temporal dynamics of community assembly mechanisms

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raven L Bier ◽  
Máté Vass ◽  
Anna J Székely ◽  
Silke Langenheder
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Environmental Fluctuation ◽  
Species Sorting ◽  
Ecosystem Size ◽  
Environmental Fluctuations ◽  
Over Time

Understanding processes that determine community membership and abundance is important for many fields from theoretical community ecology to conservation. However, spatial community studies are often conducted only at a single timepoint despite the known influence of temporal variability on community assembly processes. Here we used a spatiotemporal study to determine how environmental fluctuation differences induced by mesocosm volumes (larger volumes were more stable) influence assembly processes of aquatic bacterial metacommunities along a press disturbance gradient. By combining path analysis and network approaches, we found mesocosm size categories had distinct relative influences of assembly process and environmental factors that determined spatiotemporal bacterial community composition, including dispersal and species sorting by conductivity. These processes depended on, but were not affected proportionately by, mesocosm size. Low fluctuation, large mesocosms primarily developed through the interplay of species sorting that became more important over time and transient priority effects as evidenced by more time-delayed associations. High fluctuation, small mesocosms had regular disruptions to species sorting and greater importance of ecological drift and dispersal limitation indicated by lower richness and higher taxa replacement. Together, these results emphasize that environmental fluctuations influence ecosystems over time and its impacts are modified by biotic properties intrinsic to ecosystem size.

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