scholarly journals Handling Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles: Preventing and Recovering from Hazardous Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 2671-2694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roeland Bisschop ◽  
Ola Willstrand ◽  
Max Rosengren
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
The World ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Suppression Systems

Abstract The demand for lithium-ion battery powered road vehicles continues to increase around the world. As more of these become operational across the globe, their involvement in traffic accidents and incidents is likely to rise. This can damage the lithium-ion battery and subsequently pose a threat to occupants and responders as well as those involved in vehicle recovery and salvage operations. The project this paper is based on aimed to alleviate such concerns. To provide a basis for fire safety systems to be applied to damaged EVs, hazards have been identified and means for preventing and controlling lithium-ion battery fires, including preventive measures during workshop and salvage activities were studied. Tests were also performed with fixed fire suppression systems applying suppressant inside traction batteries which showed to improve their safety.

Evaluating the electric vehicle popularization trend in China after 2020 and its challenges in the recycling industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2095349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuoyao Wang ◽  
Jeongsoo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
The World

In recent years, China has started to develop electric vehicles (EVs) and has become the largest EV market in the world since 2015. Accordingly, the lithium-ion battery (LiB) industry has also been developing quickly in China. However, the Chinese government has decided to cancel the subsidy policy on EVs, which makes the EV market in China unpredictable in the future. Moreover, there will be a considerable number of end-of-life (EoL) EVs and waste LiBs generated in China. These wastes should be appropriately recycled to avoid resource waste or pollution problems. Nevertheless, the quantity and type of EoL EVs and waste LiBs has not been obtained. This research aims at unravelling the trend of EV sales and the volume and type of EoL EVs and waste LiBs in China. We found that it is fair to predict that EVs will increase as the Chinese government has planned even without the subsidy policy. Moreover, we estimated the number of EoL EVs and waste LiBs number based on their calendar lifespan and found that there will be 1.36 million EoL EVs and 11.36 million waste LiBs generated in China in 2030. Furthermore, most of these waste LiBs will be of the nickel cobalt manganese oxide type of ternary LiBs. However, due to the flow of second-hand vehicles from economically developed cities to less economically developed cities, only 400,000 EoL EVs and 3.4 million waste LiBs will be recycled through the formal recycling route. Such information is necessary when evaluating the environmental effect or profitability of the EoL EV and waste LiB recycling industry.

scholarly journals An Artificial Potential Field-Based Lithium-ion Battery SOC Equilibrium Method in Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 12682-12687
Author(s):  
Fu Jiang ◽  
Cheng Jin ◽  
Hongtao Liao ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Artificial Potential Field ◽  
Equilibrium Method

scholarly journals Characterization of the Compressive Load on a Lithium-Ion Battery for Electric Vehicle Application

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Madani ◽  
Erik Schaltz ◽  
Søren Knudsen Kær
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Cells

Lithium-ion batteries are being implemented in different large-scale applications, including aerospace and electric vehicles. For these utilizations, it is essential to improve battery cells with a great life cycle because a battery substitute is costly. For their implementation in real applications, lithium-ion battery cells undergo extension during the course of discharging and charging. To avoid disconnection among battery pack ingredients and deformity during cycling, compacting force is exerted to battery packs in electric vehicles. This research used a mechanical design feature that can address these issues. This investigation exhibits a comprehensive description of the experimental setup that can be used for battery testing under pressure to consider lithium-ion batteries’ safety, which could be employed in electrified transportation. Besides, this investigation strives to demonstrate how exterior force affects a lithium-ion battery cell’s performance and behavior corresponding to static exterior force by monitoring the applied pressure at the dissimilar state of charge. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used as the primary technique for this research. It was concluded that the profiles of the achieved spectrums from the experiments seem entirely dissimilar in comparison with the cases without external pressure. By employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it was noticed that the pure ohmic resistance, which is related to ion transport resistance of the separator, could substantially result in the corresponding resistance increase.

scholarly journals Thermal Analysis of Cold Plate with Different Configurations for Thermal Management of a Lithium-Ion Battery

Batteries ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Madani ◽  
Erik Schaltz ◽  
Søren Knudsen Kær
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cold Plate ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Cooling Design

Thermal analysis and thermal management of lithium-ion batteries for utilization in electric vehicles is vital. In order to investigate the thermal behavior of a lithium-ion battery, a liquid cooling design is demonstrated in this research. The influence of cooling direction and conduit distribution on the thermal performance of the lithium-ion battery is analyzed. The outcomes exhibit that the appropriate flow rate for heat dissipation is dependent on different configurations for cold plate. The acceptable heat dissipation condition could be acquired by adding more cooling conduits. Moreover, it was distinguished that satisfactory cooling direction could efficiently enhance the homogeneity of temperature distribution of the lithium-ion battery.

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