Effect of Parallel Curtain Walls on Upward Flame Spread Characteristics and Mass Loss Rate Over PMMA

An experimental study on downward flame spread over extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam at a high elevation is presented. The flame shape, flame height, mass loss rate and flame spread rate were measured. The influences of width and high altitude were investigated. The flame fronts are approximately horizontal. Both the intensity of flame pulsation and the average flame height increase with the rise of sample width. The flame spread rate first drops and then rises with an increase in width. The average flame height, mass loss rate and flame spread rate at the higher elevation is smaller than that at a low elevation, which demonstrates that the XPS fire risk at the higher elevation area is lower. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis. This work is vital to the fire safety design of building energy conservation system.

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Effect of Sample Width on Characteristics of Flame Spread across Eucalyptus Wood Surface

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.767 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 401-403 ◽

pp. 767-770

Author(s):

Gui Hong Wu ◽

Yi Qiang Wu ◽

Yun Chu Hu ◽

Xiao Dan Zhu

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Flame Spread ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Flame Height ◽

Spread Rate ◽

Eucalyptus Wood ◽

Flame Spread Rate ◽

Sample Width ◽

The Relationship

To study the effect of sample width on flame spread characteristics, a series of laboratory-scale experiments were conducted employing eucalyptus wood with width from 3 to 7 cm. Flame dimension, flame spread rate and mass loss rate were obtained. The relationship between these flame spread characteristics and sample width was explored. Both the dimensionless average flame height and depth vary as the-n power of sample width. With the increase of sample width, both the flame spread rate and mass loss rate first decrease and then rise. The minimum values appear when sample width measures 6 cm.

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Experimental Study on Downward Flame Spread across XPS Surface

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.445 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 753-755 ◽

pp. 445-451

Author(s):

Wei Guang An ◽

Hua Hua Xiao ◽

Jin Hua Sun ◽

Wei Gang Yan ◽

Yang Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Flame Spread ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Flame Height ◽

Spread Rate ◽

Flame Spread Rate ◽

Stage 1 ◽

Exponential Change ◽

Downward Flame Spread

To study downward flame spread across XPS surface, a series of laboratory-scale experiments were conducted. Typical flame spread characteristics were obtained. The flame spread process comprises four stages. There are twice accelerations during flame spread. The influence of maximum flame height on flame spread rate is not significant. The predicted flame spread rate utilizing mass loss rate is lower than the measured value. Three stages: increasing stage, stable stage and decreasing stage are observed in both change of maximum flame height and flame area. The changing trend of mass loss rate is similar to that of maximum flame height. For stage 1 and stage 3, exponential change of mass loss rate with time is found. The mass loss rate is constant for stage 2. The heat flux to the preheating zone is higher than that to surrounding environment. Experimental results agree well with theoretical analysis.

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Reaction-to-fire tests. Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate

10.3403/30282467 ◽

2013 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Heat Release ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Fire Tests ◽

Smoke Production

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Reaction-to-fire tests. Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate

10.3403/30354021 ◽

2017 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Heat Release ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Fire Tests ◽

Smoke Production

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Reaction-to-fire tests. Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate

10.3403/bsiso5660 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Heat Release ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Fire Tests ◽

Smoke Production

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Reaction-to-fire tests � Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate

10.3403/pdisots5660 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Heat Release ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

Fire Tests ◽

Smoke Production

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SN 2009ip: CONSTRAINTS ON THE PROGENITOR MASS-LOSS RATE

The Astrophysical Journal ◽

10.1088/0004-637x/768/1/47 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 768 (1) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

E. O. Ofek ◽

L. Lin ◽

C. Kouveliotou ◽

G. Younes ◽

E. Göğüş ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Mass Loss Rate

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Radio Supernovae as Direct Evidence of Stellar Evolution in Real Time

Highlights of Astronomy ◽

10.1017/s1539299600021171 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 367-367

Author(s):

S.D. Van Dyk ◽

M.J. Montes ◽

K.W. Weiler ◽

R.A. Sramek ◽

N. Panagia

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Stellar Evolution ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Direct Evidence ◽

Mass Loss Rate ◽

X Ray ◽

Stringent Constraint ◽

Clear Change ◽

Late Stages ◽

Circumstellar Environment

The radio emission from supernovae provides a direct probe of a supernova’s circumstellar environment, which presumably was established by mass-loss episodes in the late stages of the progenitor’s presupernova evolution. The observed synchrotron emission is generated by the SN shock interacting with the relatively high-density circumstellar medium which has been fully ionized and heated by the initial UV/X-ray flash. The study of radio supernovae therefore provides many clues to and constraints on stellar evolution. We will present the recent results on several cases, including SN 1980K, whose recent abrupt decline provides us with a stringent constraint on the progenitor’s initial mass; SN 1993J, for which the profile of the wind matter supports the picture of the progenitor’s evolution in an interacting binary system; and SN 1979C, where a clear change in presupernova mass-loss rate occurred about 104 years before explosion. Other examples, such as SNe 19941 and 1996cb, will also be discussed.

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