scholarly journals Rules at Play: Correcting Projectable Violations of Who Plays Next

Human Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Svensson ◽  
Burak S. Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Social ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Interactional Perspective ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

AbstractThis study examines the situated use of rules and the social practices people deploy to correct projectable rule violations in pétanque playing activities. Drawing on Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis, and using naturally occurring video recordings, this article investigates socially organized occasions of rule use, and more particularly how rules for turn-taking at play are reflexively established in and through interaction. The alternation of players in pétanque is dependent on and consequential for the progressivity of the game and it is a practical problem for the players when a participant projects to break a rule of “who plays next”. The empirical analysis shows that formulating rules is a practice for indicating and correcting incipient violations of who plays next, which retrospectively invoke and establish the situated expectations that constitute the game as that particular game. Focusing on the anticipative corrections of projectable violations of turn-taking rules, this study revisits the concept of rules, as they are played into being, from a social and interactional perspective. We argue and demonstrate that rules are not prescriptions of game conduct, but resources that reflexively render the players’ conducts intelligible as playing the game they are engaging in.

Organizational Socialization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krzywdzinski
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Organizational Socialization ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Work Behaviors ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This chapter examines the organizational socialization mechanisms in automotive plants in Russia and China. The empirical analysis starts with selection processes. How do the companies select candidates during recruitment and whom do they select? Are they looking for a certain type of employee? The chapter continues with the analysis of onboarding concepts in China and Russia and then follows the employees within their teams. It analyzes the social relationships in the team, which influence the socialization processes within the company. Finally, overarching company activities intended to promote social integration (team building, competitions) are examined to determine the extent to which they shape work behaviors and generate identification with the company. The analysis shows considerable differences between the Russian and the Chinese plants regarding the intensity and the effects of organizational socialization.

Restrictiveness, exclusivity, adversativity, and mirativity

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Fang Wang ◽  
Mei-Chi Tsai ◽  
Wayne Schams ◽  
Chi-Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Interactional Linguistics ◽  
English Only ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Turn Taking

Mandarin Chinese zhishi (similar to English ‘only’), comprised of the adverb zhi and the copula shi, can act as an adverb (ADV) or a discourse marker (DM). This study analyzes the role of zhishi in spoken discourse, based on the methodological and theoretical principles of interactional linguistics and conversation analysis. The corpus used in this study consists of three sets of data: 1) naturally-occurring daily conversations; 2) radio/TV interviews; and 3) TV panel discussions on current political affairs. As a whole, this study reveals that the notions of restrictiveness, exclusivity, and adversativity are closely associated with ADV zhishi and DM zhishi. In addition, the present data show that since zhishi is often used to express a ‘less than expected’ feeling, it can be used to indicate mirativity (i.e. language indicating that an utterance conveys the speaker’s surprise). The data also show that the distribution of zhishi as an adverb or discourse marker depends on turn taking systems and speech situations in spoken discourse. Specifically, the ADV zhishi tends to occur in radio/TV interviews and TV panel news discussions, while the DM zhishi occurs more often in casual conversations.

scholarly journals CONVERSATION ANALYSIS ON THE INTERVIEW TEST OF THE INDONESIAN SOLIDARITY PARTY’S LEGISLATIVE CANDIDATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-211
Author(s):  
Farida Indri Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Generic Structure ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Question Types ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Based on an analysis of 154 questions and their responses in the interview test of the Indonesian Solidarity Party’s legislative candidates, this article gives a descriptive overview of interview stages and the types of question-response that are implemented in the conversation. Conversation Analysis (CA) is applied as an approach. Data are from video recordings of naturally occurring conversation in the interview test that are retrieved from https://www.youtube.com. Relying on the data, this paper shows the generic structure of interview test (e.g., warm-up, confirmation, information exchange, and wrap-up), question types (e.g., wh-, disjunctive, declarative, tag, echo, narrative, and multiple), and types of responses (e.g., information, confirmation, marked confirmation, disconfirmation, choice of alternative answers, implication, code switched, and repetition). This paper reveals that wh-interrogative is used more commonly in the interview test than the other question types. Finally, information response in the form of clausal responses is mostly preferred by legislative candidates.

Looking for action

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 3.1-3.21
Author(s):  
Maurice Nevile
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Home Position ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Work Tasks

This paper considers the embodied nature of discourse for a professional work setting. It examines language in interaction in the airline cockpit, and specifically how shifts in pilots’ eye gaze direction can indicate the action of talk, that is, what talk is doing and its relative contribution to work-in-progress. Looking towards the other pilot’s face treats talk as occurring outside the predictable and scripted sequential flow of interaction for work. The talk might be casual conversation unrelated to work tasks, or involve negotiation of work arising from locally contingent circumstances. Pilots treat particular sites for looking, cockpit instrument panels and windows, as a home position for gaze for planned and predictable work activity. Looking away from this home position, as either speaker or recipient, treats talk as doing something else. The paper draws on insights and methods of conversation analysis, and uses naturally occurring data, video recordings of pilots at work on actual scheduled passenger flights.

Silence gestures revisited

Gesture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 246-268
Author(s):  
Søren Beck Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Word Search

Abstract This paper revives an interest in a gestural phenomenon: silence gestures, that is, cases where speakers suspend talk and produce a gesture in momentary silence. Earlier research noted this phenomenon, but largely left interactional details unaddressed. Consequently, we have known of the phenomenon for a long time, but known very little about how interactants use it. This study applies conversation analysis to elucidate silence gestures as they appear during naturally occurring Danish interaction. Two classes are considered: i) silence gestures that occur during word search processes and ii) ‘no-problem’ silence gestures. Analysis of the first class offers more nuances to previous assumptions about its affiliation with process difficulties and turn-taking dynamics. Analysis of the second class disconfirms the belief that silence gestures foremost relate to speech difficulties. It reveals that speakers actively postpone or suspend speech production to achieve a turn-intra pauses, which enables them to momentarily foreground the gestural act.

scholarly journals Embodied spatial practices and everyday organization: The work of tour guides and their audiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Best ◽  
Jon Hindmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
Tour Guides ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Historic House ◽  
Interactional Perspective ◽  
Guided Tours

This article introduces an interactional perspective to the analysis of organizational space. The study is based on the analysis of over 100 hours of video recordings of guided tours undertaken within two sites (an historic house and a world-famous museum), coupled with interviews and field observations. The analysis is informed by ethnomethodology and conversation analysis in order to focus on the everyday organization of these tours, and the lived experience of inhabiting museum spaces. We use an interactional lens to unpack the ‘embodied spatial practices’ critical to the work of tour guides and their audiences, which reveals how the sense and significance of the workspace emerges moment to moment, and in relation to the ongoing work at hand. As a result, for those with an interest in organizational space, the article introduces a novel perspective, and methods, to highlight the dynamic and interactional production of workspaces. Additionally, for those with an interest in practice, the article demonstrates the fundamental import of taking spatial arrangements seriously when analysing the organization of work.

scholarly journals Research on the influence of team i-deals level on team innovation-from the perspective of collective thriving

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 03087
Author(s):  
Weiwei Hu ◽  
Di Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Team Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Moderating Role

Based on the social cognition theory, this study explores how the median value of i-deals group influences team innovation through collective thriving, and the moderating role of chaxu climate in it. Through the empirical analysis of 367 questionnaires (70 supervisors’ questionnaires and 297 employees’ questionnaires) from 70 teams, it is proved that collective thriving has an mediating effect between team i-deals and team innovation, while chaxu climate positively regulates the positive impact of collective thriving on team innovation, that is, the higher the chaxu climate, the stronger the positive impact of collective thriving on team innovation.

Performance Measurement of Local Welfare Programmes: Evidence from Madrid's Regional Government

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ayala ◽  
Francisco Pedraja ◽  
Javier Salinas-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Local Agencies ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Interest in how social assistance programmes are organized has recently heightened, fed by concerns about the limits on achieving greater efficiency. Most available evidence considers performance indicators that are too general, there being few studies relating the use of inputs to outcomes. We compare different performance indicators of Madrid's programme with resource endowments in a group of local agencies of social services. In addition to constructing a detailed system of input and performance indicators, an empirical analysis of efficiency for each of the social services agencies is carried out using data envelopment analysis. Results confirm that there is a wide margin for obtaining efficiency gains. The empirical analysis shows that some detected inefficiencies arise from an excessive number of staff in relation to the work to be performed. Agencies with a higher incidence of social problems present higher efficiency scores.

Looking for action

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 3.1-3.21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Nevile
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Home Position ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Work Tasks

This paper considers the embodied nature of discourse for a professional work setting. It examines language in interaction in the airline cockpit, and specifically how shifts in pilots’ eye gaze direction can indicate the action of talk, that is, what talk is doing and its relative contribution to work-in-progress. Looking towards the other pilot’s face treats talk as occurring outside the predictable and scripted sequential flow of interaction for work. The talk might be casual conversation unrelated to work tasks, or involve negotiation of work arising from locally contingent circumstances. Pilots treat particular sites for looking, cockpit instrument panels and windows, as a home position for gaze for planned and predictable work activity. Looking away from this home position, as either speaker or recipient, treats talk as doing something else. The paper draws on insights and methods of conversation analysis, and uses naturally occurring data, video recordings of pilots at work on actual scheduled passenger flights.

RESPONSIBLE ENTREPRENEURS: THE NETWORK EFFECTS

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 209-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATEJA DRNOVSEK ◽  
OTMAR ZORN ◽  
MARJANA MARTINCIC
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Fellowship ◽  
Responsible Behaviour ◽  
Personal Success ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

By drawing from the social network literature, this research analyses relationships between strong and weak ties and network's benefits for personal success of entrepreneurs. The empirical analysis is context-based within a specific network where such multiplex ties are embedded. In particular, networks of entrepreneurs who adhere to socially responsible behaviour through activities in the Rotary International Organisation are examined. Prior research into entrepreneurship has shown the varying benefits of strong and weak ties for personal success. The aim of this study is to develop a conceptual model of strong and weak ties related benefits and their contribution to personal success to empirically test it within a specific network context. We identified the Rotary International Organisation as such a network. The findings of this study indicate that engaging in socially responsible behaviours through organised attempts, such as the Rotary International network, brings significant benefits for the personal success of entrepreneurs. The implications of our empirical analysis indicate that the socially responsible behaviour of entrepreneurs can be motivated through network enhanced joint values such as adherence to high ethical standards in doing business and advancement of an international fellowship of business and professional people.

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