scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Degussa P25/Chitosan Composites for the Photocatalytic Removal of Sertraline and Acid Red 18 from Water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rejek ◽  
J. Grzechulska-Damszel ◽  
B. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chitosan Matrix ◽  
Organic Impurities ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal ◽  
Degussa P25

Abstract Degussa P25 titanium dioxide/chitosan composites (P25/CS) were prepared using three different methods and two different chitosan materials. The obtained materials were characterized by diffuse reflectance UV–Vis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. It was observed for all prepared materials that the chitosan surface is homogeneously covered by Degussa P25, the particles are evenly dispersed on the whole chitosan matrix and do not form agglomerates. The performance of P25/CS composites were tested in water treatment by the photocatalytic reaction of sertraline and Acid Red 18. The obtained results show that the application of prepared composites is effective in the reaction of decomposition of model organic impurities in water. Moreover, chitosan presence in the photocatalytic materials considerably facilitates the separation of catalyst from the reaction mixture, which is a great advantage compared to pure Degussa P25. The preparation method did not show a major effect on the photocatalytic activity. The method using glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent is the simplest one; thus, it is recommended for Degussa P25/chitosan nanocomposites preparation. These nanocomposites can be successfully applied in water purification by photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Removal of an Ethoxylated Alkylphenol by Adsorption on Zeolites and Photocatalysis with TiO2/Ag

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Aguilar Ucán ◽  
Mohamed Abatal ◽  
Carlos Montalvo Romero ◽  
Francisco Anguebes Franseschi ◽  
Miguel Angel Ramirez Elias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Photocatalytic Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Degussa P25

Two advanced removal methods (adsorption and photocatalysis) were compared for the elimination of an ethoxylated alkylphenol (nonylphenol polyethylene glycol, NPEG). For the adsorption process, zeolites were used in their natural state, and the process was characterized by DRX (X-ray diffraction) and SEM–EDS (Scanning electron microscopy). The analysis of the results of the adsorption kinetics was carried out using different isotherms to interpret the removal capacity of zeolites. The Temkin kinetic model better predicted the experimental data and was satisfactorily adjusted to models of pseudo-second order (PSO). On the other hand, for photocatalysis, nano-particles of Ag (silver) were deposited on titanium oxide (TiO2) Degussa-P25 by photo-deposition, and the catalyst was characterized by diffuse reflectance and SEM–EDS. The data obtained using the two removal techniques were analyzed by UV–Vis (ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry) and total organic carbon (TOC). The kinetic data were compared. The photocatalytic process showed the highest efficiency in the removal of NPEG, corresponding to >80%, while the efficiency of the adsorption process was <60%. This was attributed to the recalcitrant and surfactant nature of NPEG.

Study of Preparation and Properties of Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Production from Water Splitting

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Jun Rong Wu ◽  
Wei Ming Lin ◽  
Sheng Zhou Chen
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sacrificial Agent ◽  
Main Construction

The photocatalyst Fe doped K2La2Ti3O10 for hydrogen production was prepared by three methods such as sol-gel, hydrothermal and solid solution. The effects of preparation method, doped element, sacrificial agent on photocatalytic activity were studied, the properties of samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction(XRD) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra(DRS). The photocatalytic activity evaluation measurements showed that the photocatalyst prepared by sol-gel has the highest catalytic activity, and methanol was the best sacrifice agent for hydrogen production from water splitting. UV-Vis DRS results indicated that the doping of Fe could expand the absorbing range to visible light. XRD results showed that the doping of Fe hadn’t change the main construction of catalysts.

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH Cr(VI) DAN FENOL DENGAN FOTOKATALIS SERBUK TiO2 DAN CuO/TiO2

REAKTOR ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Slamet ◽  
R. Arbianti ◽  
E. Marliana
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Black Light ◽  
Degussa P25

Studi tentang pengolahan limbah Cr(VI) dan fenol secara fotokatalisis telah dilakukan dengan fotokatalis TiO2 dan CuO/TiO2. Katalis CuO/TiO2 dipreparasi dengan cara impregnasi terhadap TiO2 Degussa P25 menggunakan larutan garam tembaga yang berasal dari berbagai jenis prekursor. Komposisi Cu dalam katalis divariaskani dari 0,2% hingga 5%. Fotokatalis tersebut kemudian dikarakterisasi DRS (Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy) dan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction). Aktivitas fotokatalis diuji dengan menggunakan sistem reaktor slurry yang bekerja secara batch dan dilengkapi dengan 6 lampu UV black light selama 5 jam, kemudian hasilnya dianalisis dengan UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. Hasil karakterisasi DRS menunjukan bahwa penambahan CuO dari 1% hingga 5% ke dalam TiO2 dapat meningkatkan pita absorbansi katalis dari 398 hingga 413 nm dan menurunkan band gap dari 3,2 hingga 2,58 eV. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukan adanya struktur kristal anatase dan rutil dalam katalis TiO2 dan CuO/TiO2, sementara struktur kristal CuO muncul pada katalis CuO/TiO2 yang dipreparasi dengan prekursor Cu-Asetat dan Cu-Nitrat. Fotokatalis 0,2% CuO/TiO2 dari prekursor Cu-Asetat memiliki aktivitas optimal yang mereduksi Cr(VI) 99,67% dan mendegradasi fenol 97,16%. Sementara jika kedua limbah tersebut diolah secara simultan, katalis TiO2 Degussa P25 memiliki aktivitas yang paling tinggi dengan meningkatkan konversi reduksi Cr(VI) menjadi 100% dan menurunkan konversi degradasi fenol menjadi 93,81% dengan waktu reaksi 5 jam.

scholarly journals Solar Photocatalytic Removal of Chemical and Bacterial Pollutants from Water Using Pt/TiO2-Coated Ceramic Tiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Devipriya ◽  
Suguna Yesodharan ◽  
E. P. Yesodharan
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Theme Parks ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solar Energy Application ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal

Semiconductor photocatalysis has become an increasingly promising technology in environmental wastewater treatment. The present work reports a simple technique for the preparation of platinum-deposited TiO2catalysts and its immobilization on ordinary ceramic tiles. The Pt/TiO2is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Deposition of Pt on TiO2extends the optical absorption of the latter to the visible region which makes it attractive for solar energy application. Optimum loading of Pt on TiO2was found to be 0.5%. The Pt/TiO2is coated on ceramic tiles and immobilized. This catalyst was found effective for the solar photocatalytic removal of chemical and bacterial pollutants from water. Once the parameters are optimized, the Pt/TiO2/tile can find application in swimming pools, hospitals, water theme parks, and even industries for the decontamination of water.

PENGGUNAAN TiO2 PARTIKEL NANO HASIL SINTESIS BERBASIS AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODA SOL-GEL PADA BAHAN KAPAS SEBAGAI APLIKASI UNTUK TEKSTIL ANTI UV

Arena Tekstil ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Bambang Sunendar
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron

Partikel nano TiO2 berbasis air dengan pH basa telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dan diimobilisasi pada kain kapas dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai zat pengikat silang. Sintesis dilakukan  dengan prekursor TiCl4 pada konsentrasi 0,3 M, 0,5 M dan 1 M, dan menggunakan templat kanji dengan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 500˚C selama 2 jam. Partikel nano TiO2 diaplikasikan ke kain kapas dengan metoda pad-dry-cure dan menggunakan kitosan sebagai crosslinking agent. Berdasarkan hasil Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),diketahui bahwa morfologi partikel TiO2 berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran nano (kurang dari 100 nm). Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya tiga tipe struktur kristal utama, yaitu (100), (101) dan (102) dengan fasa kristal yang terbentuk adalah anatase dan rutile. Pada karakterisasi menggunakan SEM terhadap serbuk dari TiO2 yang telah diaplikasikan ke permukaan kain kapas, terlihat adanya imobilisasi partikel nano TiO2 melalui ikatan hidrogen silang dengan kitosan pada kain kapas. Hasil analisa tersebut kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) yang hasilnya memperlihatkan puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3495 cm-1, 2546 cm-1, dan 511 cm-1,  yang masing-masing diasumsikan sebagai adanya vibrasi gugus fungsi O-H, N-H dan Ti-O-Ti. Hasil SEM menunjukkan pula bahwa kristal nano yang terbentuk diantaranya adalah fasa rutile , yang berdasarkan literatur terbukti dapatberfungsi sebagai anti UV.

Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic Activity of Boron-Doped BiVO4

2014 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 890-894
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Lian Wei Shan ◽  
Gui Lin Wang ◽  
Li Min Dong ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Scheelite Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Boron Doped

Boron-BiVO4 samples were synthesized by sol-gel method. They were characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction. Photocatalytic activity of the obtained BiVO4 samples was investigated through degrading methylene blue (MB). The results reveal that boron-BiVO4 catalysts have monoclinic scheelite structure. The BiVO4 and Co-BiVO4 photocatalysts were responsive to visible light. Co-BiVO4 photocatalyst showed higher photocatalytic activity than pure BiVO4, resulting in the significantly improved efficiency of degradation of MB.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of K-Ta Mixed Oxides for Hydrogen Generation in Photocatalysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Zielińska ◽  
Ewa Mijowska ◽  
Ryszard J. Kalenczuk
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Irregular Structure ◽  
Transmission Electron

K-Ta mixed oxides photocatalysts have been prepared by impregnation followed by calcination. The influence of the reaction temperature (450°C–900°C) on the phase formation, crystal morphology, and photocatalytic activity in hydrogen generation of the produced materials was investigated. The detailed analysis has revealed that all products exhibit high crystallinity and irregular structure. Moreover, two different crystal structures of potassium tantalates such as KTaO3and K2Ta4O11were obtained. It was also found that the sample composed of KTaO3and traces of unreacted Ta2O5(annealed at 600°C) exhibits the highest activity in the reaction of photocatalytic hydrogen generation. The crystallographic phases, optical and vibronic properties were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and diffuse reflectance (DR) UV-vis and resonance Raman spectroscopic methods, respectively. Morphology and chemical composition of the produced samples were studied using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) as its mode.

Preparation of black-TiO2 and its application in photocatalytic removal of methyl orange dye

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Long
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Typical Material ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal ◽  
Black Tio2 ◽  
Tio2 Pigment

For a few decades, Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) has been the most studied photocatalyst due to its significant optical property. In the paper, TiO2 pigment powder (Anatase form) was selected as a precursor to prepare a variety of Black-TiO2 samples, and the typical material was then evaluated for its photocatalytic activity in organic pollutant treatment. Some properties of Black-TiO2 were determined via common methods such as sensory analysis, X-Ray diffraction, and bandgap measurement obtained from UV-Vis spectroscopy. As a result, the material was successfully converted to more than 40% organic pollutant as Methyl Orange (C14H14N3NaO3S) for an hour, as two times higher than that of the amount converted by pristine TiO2. In addition, Black-TiO2 performed much better photocatalytic activity in an acidic medium in comparison with a neutral one, and the material also remained its activity as more than 90% after three time-continuous recycling operations.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterizations of In0.1SnxZn0.85-2xS Powder Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production under Visible Light Irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimi Melody ◽  
Yuliati Leny ◽  
Mustaffa Shamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible

A series of In0.1SnxZn0.85-2xS solid solutions was synthesized by hydrothermal method and employed as photocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation. The structures, optical properties and morphologies of the solid solutions were studied by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance UV–visible spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. From the characterizations, it was confirmed that In0.1SnxZn0.85-2xS solid solution can be obtained and they have nanosized particles. The highest photocatalytic activity was observed on In0.1Sn0.03Zn0.79S photocatalyst, with average rate of hydrogen production 3.05 mmol/h, which was 1.2 times higher than the In0.1Zn0.85S photocatalyst.

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