Negation Cancels Discourse-Level Processing Differences: Evidence from Reading Times in Concession and Result Relations

Purpose The aim of this research study was to examine common practices of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who work with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with respect to whether or not SLPs consider processing differences in ASD or the effects of input during their instruction. Method Following a qualitative research method, how SLPs instruct and present augmentative and alternative communication systems to individuals with ASD, their rationale for method selection, and their perception of the efficacy of selected interventions were probed. Semistructured interviews were conducted as part of an in-depth case report with content analysis. Results Based on completed interviews, 4 primary themes were identified: (a) instructional method , (b) input provided , (c) decision-making process , and (d) perceived efficacy of treatment . Additionally, one secondary theme, training and education received , was identified . Conclusions Clinicians reported making decisions based on the needs of the child; however, they also reported making decisions based on the diagnostic category that characterized the child (i.e., ASD). The use of modeling when teaching augmentative and alternative communication to individuals with ASD emerged as a theme, but variations in the method of modeling were noted. SLPs did not report regularly considering processing differences in ASD, nor did they consider the effects of input during instruction.

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Eye Movements Reveal Processing Differences Between Modal Verbs Should and Must

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e502412013-900 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Huette ◽

Teenie Matlock ◽

Michael Spivey

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Modal Verbs ◽

Processing Differences

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Information Processing Differences Among Variants of Psychopathy

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e571212013-393 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Clark ◽

Jennifer Skeem

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Processing Differences

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COMPARISON OF METHODS DRYING AND VARIETY FISH OF TESTING APPEARANCE ON DRIEDFISH TYPICAL ACEH (KEUMAMAH)

Jurnal Agroindustri ◽

10.31186/j.agroind.4.1.40-47 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 40-47

Author(s):

Ismail Sulaiman

Keyword(s):

Food Processing ◽

Traditional Food ◽

Drying Method ◽

Fish Processing ◽

Fresh Fish ◽

Long Time ◽

Dried Fish ◽

Processing Differences ◽

Taste And Smell ◽

Test Color

Fresh fish processing into a dried fish is a fish processing has been done a long time, the processing of fish based traditional food processing becomes important to preserve cultural heritage in fish processing. Differences drying method in the processing can affect the taste and texture of the fish produced timber. Types of tuna used significantly different to the color produced on the dried fish . The water content produced in this study is 15:57 (w/w %), ash content 1 , 58 ( % ), mean organoleptic test (color: 3.3, taste and smell 3:35, aroma : 3:34). Preferred types of fish are tuna and the most preferred method oven method.Keyword :

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Sensory processing and organisational abilities in children with inattentive-hyperactive behaviours

International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation ◽

10.12968/ijtr.2018.0102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Pavithra R Iyer ◽

Shashidhar Rao Chavan ◽

Sumita Rege

Keyword(s):

Sensory Processing ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Multisensory Processing ◽

Community Sample ◽

Teacher Rating ◽

Sensory Profile ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Potential Factors ◽

Processing Differences ◽

Temporal Organisation

Background/Aims Sensory processing has been theorised to contribute to object and temporal organisation. Sensory processing and organisational abilities in children with inattention-hyperactivity was assessed, and investigated if there was a relationship between the two. Methods A community sample of children aged 9–12 years was categorised into inattentive-hyperactive (n=20) and non-inattentive-hyperactive groups (n=56) using the Vanderbilt Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Parent and Teacher Rating Scales. The Sensory Profile, Child Organisation Scale and Child Organisation Parent Perception Scale were used to collect additional data. Results Sensory processing and organisational abilities differed significantly between the groups. Object organisation correlated significantly with multisensory processing; temporal organisation failed to correlate with sensory processing. Conclusions Results suggest there is a need to screen children with informant-reported inattention-hyperactivity for sensory processing differences and organisational deficits. Sensory processing and object organisation may be associated; further research on potential factors underlying this association is needed.

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Temporal Dynamics of Attention during Encoding versus Maintenance of Working Memory: Complementary Views from Event-related Potentials and Alpha-band Oscillations

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_00727 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 492-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Nicholas E. Myers ◽

Lena Walther ◽

George Wallis ◽

Mark G. Stokes ◽

Anna C. Nobre

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Visual Information ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

Recall Performance ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Alpha Band ◽

Related Potentials ◽

Frontoparietal Control Network ◽

Anticipatory Attention ◽

Processing Differences

Working memory (WM) is strongly influenced by attention. In visual WM tasks, recall performance can be improved by an attention-guiding cue presented before encoding (precue) or during maintenance (retrocue). Although precues and retrocues recruit a similar frontoparietal control network, the two are likely to exhibit some processing differences, because precues invite anticipation of upcoming information whereas retrocues may guide prioritization, protection, and selection of information already in mind. Here we explored the behavioral and electrophysiological differences between precueing and retrocueing in a new visual WM task designed to permit a direct comparison between cueing conditions. We found marked differences in ERP profiles between the precue and retrocue conditions. In line with precues primarily generating an anticipatory shift of attention toward the location of an upcoming item, we found a robust lateralization in late cue-evoked potentials associated with target anticipation. Retrocues elicited a different pattern of ERPs that was compatible with an early selection mechanism, but not with stimulus anticipation. In contrast to the distinct ERP patterns, alpha-band (8–14 Hz) lateralization was indistinguishable between cue types (reflecting, in both conditions, the location of the cued item). We speculate that, whereas alpha-band lateralization after a precue is likely to enable anticipatory attention, lateralization after a retrocue may instead enable the controlled spatiotopic access to recently encoded visual information.

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Differences in Attentional Involvement Underlying the Perception of Distinctive and Typical Faces

Perception ◽

10.1068/p5751 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

pp. 1057-1065 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jae-Jin Ryu ◽

Avi Chaudhuri

Keyword(s):

Visual Presentation ◽

Stimulus Dimension ◽

Change Detection Task ◽

Identification Task ◽

Processing Efficiency ◽

Capacity Limits ◽

Perceptual Salience ◽

Attentional Tasks ◽

Human Faces ◽

Processing Differences

Differences in human faces can be evaluated along a continuum that ranges from ‘distinctive’ to ‘typical.’ We examined processing differences between distinctive and typical faces by two attentional tasks that induce attentional blink (AB). Given that AB is believed to reflect temporal or capacity limits of attention, stimuli that survive AB are believed to be associated with greater processing efficiency. In a change-detection task, participants were required to detect changes in the two pairs of faces that were presented in rapid succession. Changes involving the distinctive face of a pair were more likely to be detected than those involving a typical face. In a face-identification task, distinctive faces embedded in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream were identified with a greater accuracy than typical faces. Together, our results suggest that distinctive faces are associated with greater processing efficiency and may be explained in terms of perceptual salience, a stimulus dimension known to attract attention.

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