scholarly journals Technical and radiological characterisation of fly ash and bottom ash from thermal power plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilija Fidanchevski ◽  
Biljana Angjusheva ◽  
Vojo Jovanov ◽  
Pece Murtanovski ◽  
Ljubica Vladiceska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

AbstractHuge quantities of fly ash and bottom ash are generated from thermal power plants and it presents great concern for country, mainly due to the environmental effects. In this study, fly ashes and bottom ash were characterized from technical and radiological aspects. Health effect due to the activity of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was estimated via radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazards index (Hex), the external absorbed dose rate (D) and annual effective dose rate (EDR). The specific surface area (40.25 m2 g−1), particle density (1.88 g cm−3) and LOI (23.49%) were typical for bottom ash. Siliceous fly ash contained 32% reactive silica. The annual effective dose rate for all ashes is ≤ 0.2 mSv y−1. Both, fly ash and bottom ash present potential secondary raw materials to be used for building purposes as result of their technological and radiological assessment.

scholarly journals Annual Effective Dose from Natural Background Radiation in Pokhara, Nepal

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
S. P. Gautam ◽  
A. Silwal ◽  
S. Acharya ◽  
B. Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

Measurement of outdoor natural background radiation doses at different locations of Pokhara city, Nepal was carried out using GCA-07W, Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) certified Geiger Muller (GM) detector. From the measurements, the least value of background radiation dose rate was found to be 0.26 ± 0.08 μSv/hr for Mahendra Cave area, and the highest value of dose rate was found to be 0.65 ± 0.12 μSv/hr for Prithvi Narayan Campus. The average annual effective dose rate of Pokhara city was found to be 0.56 ± 0.12 mSv/yr ranging from 0.31 ± 0.09 mSv/yr to 0.80 ± 0.14 mSv/yr. The radiation levels in Pokhara, the most populated city of the western development region of Nepal, were found to be within the secure limit for areas of the normal background recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) (1 mSv/yr). Further, the current result was compared with the previous study of annual effective dose rate measured in Kathmandu city. Comparable value of the average annual effective dose rate in Pokhara and Kathmandu was obtained.

Study of the radioactivity in environmental soil samples from Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şeref Turhan ◽  
Elif Gören ◽  
Fatma Aysun Uğur ◽  
Muhammet Karataşlı ◽  
Zehra Yeğingil
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

AbstractIn this study, a detailed γ-ray spectrometer survey was performed to obtain the baseline data on natural and fallout radioactivity in soil samples (10–30 cm depth) collected from Iğdır which is a province in Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and located along the border with Armenia. Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant in Eastern Armenia is only about 20 km away from Iğdır province. The average activity concentrations of226Ra,232Th,40K and137Cs in the soil samples were found as 19.1±0.6 (range: 12.8–31.2 Bq kg−1), 21.9±0.6 (range: 11.6–36.8 Bq kg−1), 437.7±10.3 (range: 285.0–613.7 Bq kg−1) and 11.8±1.1 Bq kg−1, (range: 2.5–51.1 Bq kg−1), respectively. The radiological hazards caused by ionizing radiation emitted from these radionuclides on the population living in the region were assessed by estimating radiological parameters such as absorbed γ dose rate in outdoor and the corresponding annual effective dose rate from external exposure, annual effective dose rate from inhalation of radon and excess lifetime cancer risk. The results revealed that there is no significant radiological hazard for human population because the average values of radiological parameters are within the recommended limits.

scholarly journals A study of indoor radon levels and radon effective dose in dwellings of some cities of Gezira State in Sudan

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd-Elmoniem Elzain
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

Exposure to natural sources of radiation, especially 222Rn and its short-lived daughter products has become an important issue throughout the world because sustained exposure of humans to indoor radon may cause lung cancer. The indoor radon concentration level and radon effective dose rate were carried out in the dwellings of Medani, El Hosh, Elmanagil, Haj Abd Allah, and Wad Almahi cities, Gezira State - Central Sudan, in 393 measurements, using passive integrated solid-state nuclear track devices containing allyl diglycol carbonate plastic detectors. The radon concentration in the corresponding dwellings was found to vary from (57 ? 8) Bq/m3 in Medani to 41 ? 9 Bq/m3 in Wad Almahi, with an average of 49 ? 10 Bq/m3. Assuming an indoor occupancy factor of 0.8 and 0.4 for the equilibrium factor of radon indoors, we found that the annual effective dose rate from 222Rn in the studied dwellings ranges from 1.05 to 1.43 mSv per year and the relative lung cancer risk for radon exposure was 1.044%. In this research, we also correlated the relationship of radon concentration and building age. From our study, it is clear that the annual effective dose rate is larger than the ?normal? background level as quoted by UNSCEAR, lower than the recommended action level of ICRP, and less than the maximum permissible dose defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Soil mineral analysis and environmental radioactivity in Ghizer, Eastern Hindukush, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Wasim ◽  
Sardar Ali Shah ◽  
Arfan Tariq ◽  
Manzoor Ali
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

Abstract Distribution of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K) was determined in 32 samples from Ghizer, an Eastern Hindukush district at an altitude of 2286 m in Pakistan using high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Mineralogical analysis by X-ray diffractometry identified quartz, calcite, albite and anorthite as major phases whereas actinolite, chlorite serpentine and kaolinite as minor phases. The activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K varied from 25.2 ± 1.7 to 145.3 ± 10.1 Bq kg−1, 24.9 ± 1.1 to 197 ± 9 Bq kg−1, 2.03 ± 0.21 to 16.7 ± 1.1 and 252 ± 6 to 1433 ± 35 Bq kg−1, respectively. The samples yielded average radium equivalent activity as 178.4 ± 23.3 Bq kg−1. The majority of the samples revealed external hazard index and representative level index less than one. The average air absorbed dose rate was 91.2 ± 13.6 nGy h−1 corresponding to the annual effective dose rate 111.8 ± 17.4 μSv y−1. These values were higher than the world averages for air absorbed dose rate and outdoor annual effective dose rate. Principal component analysis was applied to obtain distribution pattern within the samples and among the radionuclides.

scholarly journals Monitoring of220Rn Concentrations in Buildings of Kufa Technical Institute, Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Abid Abojassim Al-Hamidawi
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Technical Institute ◽  
The Public ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Public Exposure ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

This paper presents the measurements of thoron and the progeny in fifteen buildings in Kufa Technical Institute, Iraq, from June 2015 to April 2015 using RAD-7 detectors. Also, annual effective dose rate was calculated in all buildings under study. The thoron concentration varies from05.35±0.58 Bq/m3to53.50±1.82 Bq/m3with an average18.39±4.18 Bq/m3. The concentration of thoron daughters was found to vary from 0.14 mWL to 1.44 mWL with an average0.53±0.11 mWL. The annual effective doses due to thoron mainly vary from 0.042 mSv/y to 0.81 mSv/y with an average0.20±0.06 mSv/y. The preliminary results in this study indicate that they may be suitable for evaluating the indoor220Rn and its progeny concentrations whenever the public exposure to220Rn and its progeny is taken into account. During this survey, the continuous difficulty in measuring thoron was also pointed out, due to its short half-life and faults in the measuring system.

Indoor Radon and Thoron Concentration and the Associated Effective Dose Rate Determination in Dwellings of Suq Alshouk, Thiqar (Iraq)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 06-10
Author(s):  
Hussam Najem Abood ◽  
Ahmed Abbas Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Effective Dose Rate

Indoor radon/thoron concentration has been determined in some dwellings of Suq Alshouk district in Thiqar Governorate southern of Iraq, using LR-115 type II and CR-39 (SSNTDs). In this work the indoor radon/thoron concentration varies from (8-73) Bq m-3 for radon with an average 35±2Bq m-3, and ranges (1- 47) Bq m-3 for thoron with an average16±2Bq m-3. The average annual effective dose due to radon and thoron varies from 0.43-3.38m Sv y-1 with average value 1.43±0.11 mSv y-1.

scholarly journals Health Risk Implications of Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Dose Rate in Central Jakarta, Indonesia: Short Communications

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nursama Heru Apriantoro ◽  
Muzilman Muslim ◽  
Dadong Iskandar ◽  
. Purwantiningsih ◽  
Witri Mulyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Gamma Radiation Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

Terrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) rate measurement has been conducted around downtown region of Central Jakarta Indonesia. The real time count data was taken 1 m above the ground in eight sub district locations by using a portable gamma Surveymeter of Exploranium GR-135 Plus Model. The reading position was detemined using  Garmin GPSMAP 62s. The average value of TGRD rate of  (47.76 ± 18.24) nSv h-1 ranged from 6.40 nSv h-1 to 120.90 nSv-1, it is higher than Indonesia. The annual effective dose rate of 0.058 mSv. Its  contributes to fatal cancer risk of about  3.22 x 10-5 per year for each individual in Central Jakarta. For the subdistrict TGRD rate value was variated, however all the result is not high enough to cause for alarm.

Application of Coal Bottom Ash Zeolite on Lignin and Methylene Blue Adsorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 948 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Galuh Yuliani ◽  
Siska Mutiara ◽  
Agus Setiabudi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash

The amount of coal combustion byproducts, such as fly ash and bottom ash, generated by coal-based thermal power plants has been increasing at an alarming rate, hence creating huge problems on their treatments and disposals. One of the promising approaches for proper utilization of these byproducts is the conversion of fly ash and bottom ash to zeolites. In this research, zeolites wereprepared from coal bottom ash (RBA) by relatively simple and cheap conversion process using NaOH at 90°C for 24h. Prior to this, the RBA was pretreated using H2SO4 for 4h. The resulted zeolite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD results confirmed the formation of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate predominated upon the bottom ash and NaOH 5M ratio of 1:8. XRF results also indicated the domination of Al2O3 and SiO2 in the zeolite composition. FTIR spectra showed characteristic zeolite peaks at 900-1100, 400-500 and 550-660 cm–1forSi-O, Al-O, and Si-O-Al absorptions, respectively. The synthetic zeolite was then applied as an adsorbent for lignin and methylene blue in aqueous solutions. It was found that the Qmax for lignin and methylene blue was16.13 mg/g and 34.13 mg/g, respectively. When fitted using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, the methylene blue adsorption data fitted Langmuir isotherm while those of lignin fitted Freundlich isotherm. It was concluded that the chemical interaction between zeolite and methylene blue may lead to the chemisorption mechanism to prevail.

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