scholarly journals Comparison of Early Life Obesity-Related Risk and Protective Factors in Non-Hispanic Black Subgroups

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1130-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Messiah ◽  
Folefac Atem ◽  
Cynthia Lebron ◽  
Ashley Ofori ◽  
M. Sunil Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Related Risk

scholarly journals Respiratory Health of Pacific Youth: An Observational Study of Associated Risk and Protective Factors Throughout Childhood (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Shadan Tautolo ◽  
Conroy Wong ◽  
Alain Vandal ◽  
Shabnam Jalili-Moghaddam ◽  
Emily Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Study Results

BACKGROUND Respiratory disease is the third most common cause of death in New Zealand, with Pacific people living in New Zealand bearing the greatest burden of this type of disease. Although some epidemiological outcomes are known, we lack the specifics required to formulate targeted and effective public health interventions. The Pacific Islands Families (PIF) birth cohort study is a study that provides a unique source of data to assess lung function and current respiratory health among participants entering early adulthood and to examine associations with early life events during critical periods of growth. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to provide an overview of the design, methods, and scope of the <i>Respiratory Health of Pacific Youth Study</i>, which uses the overall PIF study cohort aged 18-19 years. METHODS From 2000-2019, the PIF study has followed, from birth, the growth, and the development of 1398 Pacific children born in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants were nested within the overall PIF study (at ages 18-19 years) from June 2018, and assessments were undertaken until mid-November 2019. The assessments included respiratory and general medical histories, a general physical examination, assessment of lung function (forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity), self-completed questionnaires (St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions-3 Level, Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents, and Leicester Cough Questionnaire), blood tests (eosinophils, Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, and C-reactive protein), and chest x-rays. Noninferential analyses will be carried out on dimensionally reduced risk and protective factors and confounders. RESULTS Data collection began in June 2018 and ended in November 2019, with a total of 466 participants recruited for submission of the paper. Collection and collation of chest x-ray data is still underway, and data analysis and expected results will be published by November 2020. CONCLUSIONS This is the first longitudinal observational study to address the burden of respiratory disease among Pacific youth by determining factors in early life that impose long-term detriments in lung function and are associated with the presence of respiratory illness. Identifying risk factors and the magnitude of their effects will help in adopting preventative measures, establishing whether any avoidable risks can be modified by later resilient behaviors, and provide baseline measurements for the development of respiratory disease in later adult life. The study results can be translated into practice guidelines and inform health strategies with immediate national and international impact. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/18916

scholarly journals Respiratory Health of Pacific Youth: An Observational Study of Associated Risk and Protective Factors Throughout Childhood

10.2196/18916 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e18916
Author(s):  
El-Shadan Tautolo ◽  
Conroy Wong ◽  
Alain Vandal ◽  
Shabnam Jalili-Moghaddam ◽  
Emily Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Study Results

Background Respiratory disease is the third most common cause of death in New Zealand, with Pacific people living in New Zealand bearing the greatest burden of this type of disease. Although some epidemiological outcomes are known, we lack the specifics required to formulate targeted and effective public health interventions. The Pacific Islands Families (PIF) birth cohort study is a study that provides a unique source of data to assess lung function and current respiratory health among participants entering early adulthood and to examine associations with early life events during critical periods of growth. Objective This paper aims to provide an overview of the design, methods, and scope of the Respiratory Health of Pacific Youth Study, which uses the overall PIF study cohort aged 18-19 years. Methods From 2000-2019, the PIF study has followed, from birth, the growth, and the development of 1398 Pacific children born in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants were nested within the overall PIF study (at ages 18-19 years) from June 2018, and assessments were undertaken until mid-November 2019. The assessments included respiratory and general medical histories, a general physical examination, assessment of lung function (forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity), self-completed questionnaires (St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions-3 Level, Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents, and Leicester Cough Questionnaire), blood tests (eosinophils, Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, and C-reactive protein), and chest x-rays. Noninferential analyses will be carried out on dimensionally reduced risk and protective factors and confounders. Results Data collection began in June 2018 and ended in November 2019, with a total of 466 participants recruited for submission of the paper. Collection and collation of chest x-ray data is still underway, and data analysis and expected results will be published by November 2020. Conclusions This is the first longitudinal observational study to address the burden of respiratory disease among Pacific youth by determining factors in early life that impose long-term detriments in lung function and are associated with the presence of respiratory illness. Identifying risk factors and the magnitude of their effects will help in adopting preventative measures, establishing whether any avoidable risks can be modified by later resilient behaviors, and provide baseline measurements for the development of respiratory disease in later adult life. The study results can be translated into practice guidelines and inform health strategies with immediate national and international impact. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18916

scholarly journals Status report - Childhood overweight and obesity in Canada: an integrative assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Rao ◽  
Erin Kropac ◽  
Minh Do ◽  
Karen Roberts ◽  
Gayatri Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity

Introduction Obesity is a complex risk factor for chronic disease that is associated with a number of socioecological determinants. In this status report, we provide anoverview of the socioecological framework that is now guiding our ongoing surveillance efforts in the area of childhood overweight and obesity. This framework considers individual risk and protective factors (sociodemographic, lifestyle, psychosocial and earlylife) through the lens of the life stage, levels of influence and environments in which these factors play a role. Methods Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey and the Canadian Health Measures Survey, univariate and bivariate analyses were used to report on behavioural, psychosocial, and early life factors associated with excess weight among Canadian children. Results Estimates of early-life (e.g. breastfeeding), behavioural (e.g. physical activity), and psychosocial factors (e.g. sense of community) are presented as they relate to age group, sex, income adequacy and weight status. Conclusion Building upon our recent reporting on trends in and sociodemographic factors associated with childhood obesity in Canada, this work illustrates the remaining risk and protective factors shown in our surveillance framework. This analysis supports the shift towards a holistic appraisal of determinants related to healthy weights.

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