Individual differences in motives for regulating affect intensity: positive trait affect and the value of trait-consistent affect

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 755-771
Author(s):  
Scott H. Hemenover ◽  
Colin R. Harbke
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Affect Intensity ◽  
Positive Trait ◽  
Trait Affect

Well‐being and the accessibility of pleasant and unpleasant concepts

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Borkenau ◽  
Nadine Mauer
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Related Concept ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Negative Trait ◽  
Decision Times

The trait–congruency hypothesis predicts that persons high in positive or negative trait affect more readily process pleasant or unpleasant stimuli, respectively. In two studies, participants were administered measures of personality and affect. Moreover, a yes/no lexical decision task with pleasant, unpleasant and neutral words was administered in Study 1, whereas a go/no‐go task was used in Study 2. Several methods to increase reliabilities of differences in reaction times are explored. Correlations of measures of personality and trait affect with decision times were mostly consistent with the trait–congruency hypothesis, particularly for decision times in the go/no‐go task that measured individual differences in valence‐specific decision times more reliably. The findings suggest that trait‐related concept accessibility is one source of trait congruity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Reward, Motivation, and Emotion Systems Associated With Early-Stage Intense Romantic Love

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Aron ◽  
Helen Fisher ◽  
Debra J. Mashek ◽  
Greg Strong ◽  
Haifang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Tegmental Area ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Romantic Love ◽  
Affect Intensity ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Ventral Tegmental ◽  
Reward Functions ◽  
Reward Motivation ◽  
The Right

Early-stage romantic love can induce euphoria, is a cross-cultural phenomenon, and is possibly a developed form of a mammalian drive to pursue preferred mates. It has an important influence on social behaviors that have reproductive and genetic consequences. To determine which reward and motivation systems may be involved, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging and studied 10 women and 7 men who were intensely “in love” from 1 to 17 mo. Participants alternately viewed a photograph of their beloved and a photograph of a familiar individual, interspersed with a distraction-attention task. Group activation specific to the beloved under the two control conditions occurred in dopamine-rich areas associated with mammalian reward and motivation, namely the right ventral tegmental area and the right postero-dorsal body and medial caudate nucleus. Activation in the left ventral tegmental area was correlated with facial attractiveness scores. Activation in the right anteromedial caudate was correlated with questionnaire scores that quantified intensity of romantic passion. In the left insula-putamen-globus pallidus, activation correlated with trait affect intensity. The results suggest that romantic love uses subcortical reward and motivation systems to focus on a specific individual, that limbic cortical regions process individual emotion factors, and that there is localization heterogeneity for reward functions in the human brain.

Affect Intensity and Individual Differences In Informational Style

1996 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy J. Larsen ◽  
Douglas W. Billings ◽  
Susan E. Cutler
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Affect Intensity

Trait Affect and Individual Creativity: Moderating Roles of Affective Climate and Reflexivity

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1477-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon Joung Kim ◽  
Jin Nam Choi ◽  
Kyungmook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Positive Trait ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Group Context ◽  
Multilevel Perspective ◽  
Affective Climate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contextual Moderators

We extended the literature on mood and creativity by introducing a multilevel perspective to examine the trait affect of employees. More specifically, we identified group affective climate and group reflexivity as significant moderators of the relationship between trait affect and creativity. Multilevel analyses of data obtained from 306 employees in 50 organizational teams revealed that group affective climate and group reflexivity facilitated the creativity of those employees with positive trait affect. A positive affective climate had significant direct and interactive effects with positive trait affect in relation to predicting individual creativity. Further, group reflexivity significantly moderated the relationship between positive trait affect and creativity. By identifying and examining these contextual moderators, we have highlighted the context-dependent nature of the affect–creativity relationship. Our findings offer new theoretical insights into the critical role of group context in shaping the effect of trait affect on mood and creativity.

scholarly journals Endogenous emotion generation abilities support adaptive emotion management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haakon Engen ◽  
Philipp Kanske ◽  
Tania Singer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Emotion Generation ◽  
The Relationship

Emotions are frequently thought of as reactions to events in the world. However, many of our emotional experiences are of our own making, coming from thoughts and memories. These different origins mean that these endogenous emotions are more controllable than exogenous emotions, making plausible a role of endogenous emotion in self-regulation and mental health.We tested this idea in a representative sample of 277 individuals (163 female, 20-55 years) who partook in an experiment measuring individual differences in endogenous emotion generation ability and a questionnaire battery measuring individual differences in trait affect and emotional self-regulation style. Two hypotheses for how endogenous emotion generation can facilitate mental health were tested: By buffering negative stressors with self-generated positive emotion enabling use of emotion-focused regulation techniques, or by allowing effective simulation of the emotional consequences of future events, facilitating active and instrumental coping. Support for both hypotheses was found. Consistent with buffering, positive emotion generation ability mediated the relationship between emotion-focused regulation and trait affect, while the ability to generate emotions regardless of valence, was found to mediate the relationship between active and instrumental regulation and trait affect, supporting a simulation account. This suggests role of emotion generation in emotion regulation, a finding of both theoretical and practical implication for mental health interventions.

scholarly journals Interindividual differences in environmentally relevant positive trait affect impacts sustainable behavior in everyday life

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly C. Doell ◽  
Beatrice Conte ◽  
Tobias Brosch
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Positive Trait ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Environmental Actions ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
The Individual

AbstractEmotions are powerful drivers of human behavior that may make people aware of the urgency to act to mitigate climate change and provide a motivational basis to engage in sustainable action. However, attempts to leverage emotions via climate communications have yielded unsatisfactory results, with many interventions failing to produce the desired behaviors. It is important to understand the underlying affective mechanisms when designing communications, rather than treating emotions as simple behavioral levers that directly impact behavior. Across two field experiments, we show that individual predispositions to experience positive emotions in an environmental context (trait affect) predict pro-environmental actions and corresponding shifts in affective states (towards personal as well as witnessed pro-environmental actions). Moreover, trait affect predicts the individual behavioral impact of positively valenced emotion-based intervention strategies from environmental messages. These findings have important implications for the targeted design of affect-based interventions aiming to promote sustainable behavior and may be of interest within other domains that utilize similar intervention strategies (e.g., within the health domain).

The challenge of accounting for individual differences in folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Ruisch ◽  
Rajen A. Anderson ◽  
David A. Pizarro
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Existing Data

AbstractWe argue that existing data on folk-economic beliefs (FEBs) present challenges to Boyer & Petersen's model. Specifically, the widespread individual variation in endorsement of FEBs casts doubt on the claim that humans are evolutionarily predisposed towards particular economic beliefs. Additionally, the authors' model cannot account for the systematic covariance between certain FEBs, such as those observed in distinct political ideologies.

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