Cloning and characterization of Tabas1-B1 gene associated with flag leaf chlorophyll content and thousand-grain weight and development of a gene-specific marker in wheat

Plant physiological parameters such as membrane thermostability, canopy temperature depression, leaf chlorophyll content and yield related traits like no. of spikelets per spike, no. of grains per spike, 200-grain weight and grain yield of 18 wheat genotypes were carried out to assess for heat tolerance. Performances of all the genotypes were found to have significant differences for all the traits except canopy temperature depression. But, canopy temperature depression with some other traits like leaf chlorophyll content, no. of grains per spike, 200-grain weight and grain yield per plant demonstrated significant differences when it grown in heat stress condition. In general, genotypes with higher leaf chlorophyll content and enhanced membrane thermostability demonstrated higher 200-grain weight or grain yield. Besides, in spite of having heat tolerant traits, several genotypes performed poor due to their poor genotypic potential. The present investigation has successfully isolated several genotypes viz. H024, H023, H022 and H018 with desirable traits related to heat tolerance based on overall performance while grown under heat stress. These genotypes can be used as gene source for future breeding program to improve heat tolerance of the local wheat cultivars. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 457–463, December 2018

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Genetic Analysis of Cadmium Tolerance And Exploring Its Inheritance Nature In Bread Wheat

10.21203/rs.3.rs-417444/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hassan A. Awaad ◽

Ahmed M. Alzohairy ◽

Amgad M. Morsy ◽

Ehab S.A. Moustafa ◽

Elsayed Mansour

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Proline Content ◽

Sensitivity Index ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽

Cd Tolerance ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential and extremely toxic element that destructively impacts agricultural production. Accordingly, developing tolerant-Cd as well as low-grain Cd genotypes is considered a promising approach to cope with the pollution problem. The current study aimed at understanding inheritance nature of Cd tolerance and detect Cd-tolerant and low-grain Cd genotypes in bread wheat. Six parents were selected based on their Cd tolerance and were genotyped using triple-RAPD and ISSR markers to investigate their genetic diversity. The selected parents were crossed and the realized F1s were selfed to produce F2 populations and were backcrossed with their own parents to produce BC1 and BC2 populations. Six populations for each cross comprised P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 were evaluated in two adjacent experiments under non-Cd stressed and Cd-stressed conditions. Significant positive relative and standard heterosis were detected for flag leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, proline content, Cd concentration and grain yield/plant under Cd-stressed condition. Dominance gene effect was more pronounced in controlling the evaluated traits in most cases. F values coupled with F/√H×D ratio were positive for Cd concentration and Cd sensitivity index in the three crosses under both conditions. Heritability estimates from offspring regression were high (< 50%) for flag leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, proline content, Cd concentration while, moderately low for grain yield/plant and Cd sensitivity index. Prediction results revealed to high transgressive segregates and exceeding F1 with best-inbred line (P max) that have all favorable alleles were obtained from 3rd cross for flag leaf area, low Cd concentration and Cd sensitivity index under Cd-stressed conditions.

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Abiotic Stress Response of Near-Isogenic Spring Durum Wheat Lines under Different Sowing Densities

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22042053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 2053

Author(s):

Judit Bányai ◽

Marco Maccaferri ◽

László Láng ◽

Marianna Mayer ◽

Viola Tóth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Abiotic Stress Response ◽

Grain Number ◽

Isogenic Lines

A detailed study was made of changes in the plant development, morphology, physiology and yield biology of near-isogenic lines of spring durum wheat sown in the field with different plant densities in two consecutive years (2013–2014). An analysis was made of the drought tolerance of isogenic lines selected for yield QTLs (QYld.idw-2B and QYld.idw-3B), and the presence of QTL effects was examined in spring sowings. Comparisons were made of the traits of the isogenic pairs QYld.idw-3B++ and QYld.idw-3B−− both within and between the pairs. Changes in the polyamine content, antioxidant enzyme activity, chlorophyll content of the flag leaf and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the plot were monitored in response to drought stress, and the relationship between these components and the yield was analyzed. In the case of moderate stress, differences between the NIL++ and NIL−− pairs appeared in the early dough stage, indicating that the QYld.idw-3B++ QTL region was able to maintain photosynthetic activity for a longer period, resulting in greater grain number and grain weight at the end of the growing period. The chlorophyll content of the flag leaf in phenophases Z77 and Z83 was significantly correlated with the grain number and grain weight of the main spike. The grain yield was greatly influenced by the treatment, while the genotype had a significant effect on the thousand-kernel weight and on the grain number and grain weight of the main spike. When the lines were compared in the non-irrigated treatment, significantly more grains and significantly higher grain weight were observed in the main spike in NIL++ lines, confirming the theory that the higher yields of the QYld.idw-3B++ lines when sown in spring and exposed to drought stress could be attributed to the positive effect of the “Kofa” QTL on chromosome 3B.

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The applicability of empirical vegetation indices for determining leaf chlorophyll content over different leaf and canopy structures

Ecological Complexity ◽

10.1016/j.ecocom.2013.11.005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 119-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

H. Croft ◽

J.M. Chen ◽

Y. Zhang

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll

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RIL-StEp: epistasis analysis of rice recombinant inbred lines (RILs) reveals candidate interacting genes that control seed hull color and leaf chlorophyll content

G3 Genes|Genome|Genetics ◽

10.1093/g3journal/jkab130 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiyuki Sakai ◽

Akira Abe ◽

Motoki Shimizu ◽

Ryohei Terauchi

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Recombinant Inbred ◽

Complex Traits ◽

Genetic Architecture ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Gene Interactions ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Seed Hull

Abstract Characterizing epistatic gene interactions is fundamental for understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits. However, due to the large number of potential gene combinations, detecting epistatic gene interactions is computationally demanding. A simple, easy-to-perform method for sensitive detection of epistasis is required. Due to their homozygous nature, use of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) excludes the dominance effect of alleles and interactions involving heterozygous genotypes, thereby allowing detection of epistasis in a simple and interpretable model. Here, we present an approach called RIL-StEp (recombinant inbred lines stepwise epistasis detection) to detect epistasis using single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genome. We applied the method to reveal epistasis affecting rice (Oryza sativa) seed hull color and leaf chlorophyll content and successfully identified pairs of genomic regions that presumably control these phenotypes. This method has the potential to improve our understanding of the genetic architecture of various traits of crops and other organisms.

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