Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Signals Regulate Neural Stem Cell Fate

Abstract Although mitochondrial functions are essential for cell survival, their critical roles in stem cell fate, including proliferation, differentiation, and senescence, remain elusive. Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits various biological activities and reportedly increases mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. Herein, we observed that Rg3 increased proliferation and suppressed senescence of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenic, but not adipogenic, differentiation was facilitated by Rg3 treatment. Rg3 suppressed reactive oxygen species production and upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase. Consistently, Rg3 strongly augmented basal and ATP synthesis-linked respiration with high spare respiratory capacity. Rg3 treatment elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration contributing to mitochondrial activation. Reduction of intracellular or extracellular Ca2+ levels strongly inhibited Rg3-induced activation of mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis. Taken together, Rg3 enhances capabilities of mitochondrial and antioxidant functions mainly through a Ca2+-dependent pathway, which improves the proliferation and differentiation potentials and prevents the senescence of human mesenchymal stem cells.

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Ca2+-activated mitochondrial biogenesis and functions improve stem cell fate in Rg3-treated human mesenchymal stem cells

10.21203/rs.3.rs-57935/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Taeui Hong ◽

Moon Young Kim ◽

Dat Da Ly ◽

Su Jung Park ◽

Young Woo Eom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Adipogenic Differentiation ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell Fate ◽

Mitochondrial Functions

Abstract Although mitochondrial functions are essential for cell survival, their critical roles in stem cell fate, including proliferation, differentiation, and senescence, remain elusive. Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits various biological activities and reportedly increases mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. Herein, we observed that Rg3 increased proliferation and suppressed senescence of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenic, but not adipogenic, differentiation was facilitated by Rg3 treatment. Rg3 suppressed reactive oxygen species production and upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase. Consistently, Rg3 strongly augmented basal and ATP synthesis-linked respiration with high spare respiratory capacity. Rg3 treatment elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration contributing to mitochondrial activation. Reduction of intracellular or extracellular Ca2+ levels strongly inhibited Rg3-induced activation of mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis. Taken together, Rg3 enhances capabilities of mitochondrial and antioxidant functions mainly through a Ca2+-dependent pathway, which improves the proliferation and differentiation potentials and prevents the senescence of human mesenchymal stem cells.

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Ca2+-Activated Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Functions Improve Stem Cell Fate in Rg3-Treated Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

10.21203/rs.3.rs-57935/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Taeui Hong ◽

Moon Young Kim ◽

Dat Da Ly ◽

Su Jung Park ◽

Young Woo Eom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Adipogenic Differentiation ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell Fate ◽

Mitochondrial Functions

Abstract Although mitochondrial functions are essential for cell survival, their critical roles in stem cell fate, including proliferation, differentiation, and senescence, remain elusive. Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits various biological activities and reportedly increases mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. Herein, we observed that Rg3 increased proliferation and suppressed senescence of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenic, but not adipogenic, differentiation was facilitated by Rg3 treatment. Rg3 suppressed reactive oxygen species production and upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase. Consistently, Rg3 strongly augmented basal and ATP synthesis-linked respiration with high spare respiratory capacity. Rg3 treatment elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration contributing to mitochondrial activation. Reduction of intracellular or extracellular Ca2+ levels strongly inhibited Rg3-induced activation of mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis. Taken together, Rg3 enhances capabilities of mitochondrial and antioxidant functions mainly through a Ca2+-dependent pathway, which improves the proliferation and differentiation potentials and prevents the senescence of human mesenchymal stem cells.

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The neural stem cell fate determinant TLX promotes tumorigenesis and genesis of cells resembling glioma stem cells

Molecules and Cells ◽

10.1007/s10059-010-0122-z ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 403-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Hyo-Jung Park ◽

Jun-Kyum Kim ◽

Hye-Min Jeon ◽

Se-Yeong Oh ◽

Sung-Hak Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Glioma Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell Fate ◽

Cell Fate Determinant

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Erratum to: The Neural Stem Cell Fate Determinant TLX Promotes Tumorigenesis and Genesis of Cells Resembling Glioma Stem Cells

Molecules and Cells ◽

10.1007/s10059-011-0058-y ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 199-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hyo-Jung Park ◽

Jun-Kyum Kim ◽

Hye-Min Jeon ◽

Se-Yeong Oh ◽

Sung-Hak Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Glioma Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell Fate ◽

Cell Fate Determinant

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Artificial microniches for probing mesenchymal stem cell fate in 3D

Biomaterials Science ◽

10.1039/c4bm00104d ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (11) ◽

pp. 1661-1671 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Yujie Ma ◽

Martin P. Neubauer ◽

Julian Thiele ◽

Andreas Fery ◽

W. T. S. Huck

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Droplet Microfluidics ◽

Stem Cell Fate

Mesenchymal stem cells are encapsulated in a 3D fibrinogen–hyaluronic acid culture through droplet microfluidics, whose morphology, multipotency and differentiation are studied.

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BASP1 labels neural stem cells in the neurogenic niches of mammalian brain

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85129-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Louis N. Manganas ◽

Irene Durá ◽

Sivan Osenberg ◽

Faith Semerci ◽

Mehmet Tosun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Western Blot ◽

Human Brain ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Mammalian Brain ◽

Stem Cell Fate

AbstractThe mechanisms responsible for determining neural stem cell fate are numerous and complex. To begin to identify the specific components involved in these processes, we generated several mouse neural stem cell (NSC) antibodies against cultured mouse embryonic neurospheres. Our immunohistochemical data showed that the NSC-6 antibody recognized NSCs in the developing and postnatal murine brains as well as in human brain organoids. Mass spectrometry revealed the identity of the NSC-6 epitope as brain abundant, membrane-attached signal protein 1 (BASP1), a signaling protein that plays a key role in neurite outgrowth and plasticity. Western blot analysis using the NSC-6 antibody demonstrated multiple BASP1 isoforms with varying degrees of expression and correlating with distinct developmental stages. Herein, we describe the expression of BASP1 in NSCs in the developing and postnatal mammalian brains and human brain organoids, and demonstrate that the NSC-6 antibody may be a useful marker of these cells.

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