scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of the action of the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium sinense and Pochonia chlamydosporia on Fasciola hepatica eggs

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1559-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Braga ◽  
J. V. Araújo ◽  
A. K. Campos ◽  
J. M. Araújo ◽  
R. O. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

In vitro biological control of bovine parasitic nematodes by Arthrobotrys cladodes, Duddingtonia flagrans and Pochonia chlamydosporia under different temperature conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ítalo Stoupa Vieira ◽  
Isabela de Castro Oliveira ◽  
Artur Kanadani Campos ◽  
Jackson Victor de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Temperature Conditions

Abstract Variations in temperature can affect the development of nematophagous fungi, especially when they are used in the biological control of parasitic nematodes in the pastures where cattle are reared. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of temperature on the performance of nematophagous fungi in the biological control of bovine parasitic nematodes. The mycelial growth, chlamydospore production and nematicidal activity of Duddingtonia flagrans, Arthrobotrys cladodes and Pochonia chlamydosporia were evaluated at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C. The fungal strains achieved mycelial growth, chlamydospore production and nematicidal activity on parasitic nematodes under all temperature conditions tested. The fungi showed higher growth at intermediate temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C) than at the extremes of 15 and 35°C. At 25 and 30°C, D. flagrans realized 96.8 and 94.5% nematicidal activity on bovine parasitic nematodes, respectively. Arthrobotrys cladodes effected nematicidal activity of 85.3 and 83.5%, at 20 and 25°C, respectively. At 20 and 30°C, P. chlamydosporia achieved nematicidal activity of 81.3 and 87.4%, respectively. The maximum chlamydospore production was reached at 20, 25 and 30°C for D. flagrans, at 20 and 25°C for A. cladodes and P. chlamydosporia. The results of this study demonstrated that the tested fungal strains of D. flagrans, A. cladodes and P. chlamydosporia, when used in the biological control of bovine parasitic nematodes, were not limited by in vitro temperature variations. Therefore, the use of these strains of fungi as biological control agents of parasitic nematodes is promising.

scholarly journals Activity of the nematophagous fungi Pochonia chlamydosporia, Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium on egg capsules of Dipylidium caninum

2009 ◽  
Vol 166 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Milani Araujo ◽  
Jackson Victor de Araújo ◽  
Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽  
Rogério Oliva Carvalho ◽  
Sebastião Rodrigo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum

scholarly journals Fungal Antagonism Assessment of Predatory Species and Producers Metabolites and Their Effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusInfective Larvae

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Eduardo Silva ◽  
Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽  
Pedro Mendoza de Gives ◽  
Jair Millán-Orozco ◽  
Miguel Angel Mercado Uriostegui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Clonostachys Rosea ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Fungal Antagonism

The objective of this study was to assess antagonism of nematophagous fungi and species producers metabolites and their effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusinfective larvae (L3). Assay A assesses the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effect on the production of spores of fungal isolates of the speciesDuddingtonia flagrans,Clonostachys rosea,Trichoderma esau, andArthrobotrys musiformis; Assay B evaluates in vitro the effect of intercropping of these isolates grown in 2% water-agar (2% WA) on L3ofH. contortus.D. flagrans(Assay A) produced 5.3 × 106spores and associated withT. esau,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 60.37, 45.28, and 49.05%, respectively.T. esauproduced 7.9 × 107conidia and associated withD. flagrans,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 39.24, 82.27, and 96.96%, respectively.A. musiformisproduced 7.3 × 109spores and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orC. roseareduced its production by 99.98, 99.99, and 99.98%, respectively.C. roseaproduced 7.3 × 108conidia and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orA. musiformisreduced its production by 95.20, 96.84, and 93.56%, respectively. These results show evidence of antagonism in the production of spores between predators fungi.

Fungal biocontrol reduces the populations of the lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, in soybean and corn

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Paulo V.M. Pacheco ◽  
Thalita S.A. Monteiro ◽  
Raul R. Coutinho ◽  
Huarlen M. Balbino ◽  
Leandro G. de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Lesion Nematode

Summary Pratylenchus brachyurus is considered one of the most important plant pathogens of soybean and corn in Brazil, mainly found in areas where no-tillage is practised. Nematophagous fungi are used as an alternative for chemical nematicides in the management of nematodes that affect these crops in Brazil. This study evaluated the fungi Pochonia chlamydosporia, Trichoderma sp. and Duddingtonia flagrans for the biocontrol of P. brachyurus in soybean and corn. The first and second experiments were carried out using soybean, and five isolates of P. chlamydosporia (Pc-3, Pc-4, Pc-10, Pc-35 and Pc-49), one of Trichoderma sp. (T-10), an isolate of D. flagrans (AC001) and a mix (MIX) of all the isolates. In the third experiment using corn, three isolates of P. chlamydosporia (Pc-3, Pc-10 and Pc-35) and one isolate of Trichoderma sp. (T-10) were compared. In the first experiment, the isolates Pc-3, Pc-10, Pc-35 and T-10 reduced the total population of P. brachyurus up to 43.7% when compared with the control treatment. In the second experiment, the isolates Pc-10, T-10 and the MIX reduced the total population of P. brachyurus up to 58.7% when compared with the control. In the third experiment, the isolates reduced the total population of P. brachyurus in corn when compared with the control treatment, except for D. flagrans, which was not able to control P. brachyurus in any experiment. The P. chlamydosporia (Pc-3, Pc-10, Pc-35) and Trichoderma sp. (T-10) isolates were shown to be promising for the control of P. brachyurus in soybean and corn.

scholarly journals In Vitro Nematophagous Activity of Predatory Fungi on Infective Nematodes Larval Stage of Strongyloidae Family

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Majid Zarrin ◽  
Mahmoud Rahdar ◽  
Farzad Poormohamadi ◽  
Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans

AIM: The main goal of the present research conducted to assess the in vitro activity of the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans, Fusarium solani, Verticillium chlamidosporium, and Trichoderma harzianum. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four isolates of fungi including D. flagrans, F. solani , V. chlamidosporium and T. harzianum were used in this study. Horse faeces were used to provide the larvae stage of Strongyloidae family for the experiments.RESULTS: D. flagrans was the most effective fungus to reduce the population of the larval nematodes. D. flagrans was able to kill 100% of larvae after 14 days of incubation. The significant effect was seen after 7 days of incubation, therefore, the live larvae was decreased to 9, 11, 19 and 25 for D. flagrans, V. chlamidosporium, F. solani and T. harzianum, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results illustrated that D. flagrans were most successful fungus for reducing the number of Strongylidae family larva stage from horse faeces. Follow D. flagrans, the live larvae was significantly reduced for V. chlamidosporium, F. solani and T. harzianum, respectively.

scholarly journals Predatory activity of nematophagous fungi on infective larvae of Ancylostoma sp.: evaluation in vitro and after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.O. Carvalho ◽  
J.V. Araújo ◽  
F.R. Braga ◽  
J.M. Araujo ◽  
A.R. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Predatory Activity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Predatory Capacity ◽  
I 31

AbstractThe predatory capacity of nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a), M. appendiculatum (CGI), M. sinense (SF53), Arthrobotrys conoides (I-40), A. cladodes (CG719) and A. robusta (I-31) on infective Ancylostoma sp. larvae (L3) was evaluated. Compared with the control without fungi there was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 87.02%, 82.74%, 47.93%, 60.49%, 76.89%, 71.33% and 86.02% in the mean number of Ancylostoma sp. (L3) recovered from treatments with the isolates AC001, NF34a, CGI, SF53, I-40, CG719 and I-31, respectively. Isolates AC001, I-31 and NF34a were more effective in capturing L3 during the in vitro assay. Isolates were then in vivo evaluated for the capacity to remain viable after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs, while still maintaining their predatory activity against L3. Fungal isolates survived the passage and showed efficient predation 48 h after fungal administration to the dogs (P < 0.05). After this time, only the isolate NF34a remained effective up to 96 h after administration (P < 0.05). Monacrosporium thaumasium, D. flagrans and A. robusta are potential biological control agents of Ancylostoma sp. in dogs.

scholarly journals Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium thaumasium and Pochonia chlamydosporia as possible biological control agents of Oxyuris equi and Austroxyuris finlaysoni

2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.R. Braga ◽  
J.V. Araújo ◽  
A.R. Silva ◽  
J.M. Araujo ◽  
R.O. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Biochemical Effect ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
Lytic Effect ◽  
Fungal Isolates

AbstractThe action of four fungal isolates of the species Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a) and Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC1 and VC4) on eggs of Oxyuris equi and Austroxyuris finlaysoni was evaluated in two assays (A and B). Eggs of O. equi (Test A) and A. finlaysoni (Test B) were plated on Petri dishes with 2% water-agar with grown fungal isolates and control without fungus. After 5, 10 and 15 days, 100 eggs were collected and classified according to the following parameters: type 1 effect, physiological and biochemical effect without morphological damage to the eggshell; type 2 effect, lytic effect with morphological alteration of the eggshell and embryo; and type 3 effect, lytic effect with morphological alteration of the eggshell and embryo, hyphal penetration and internal egg colonization. Pochonia chlamydosporia isolates VC1 and VC4 showed ovicidal activity for type 1, 2 and 3 effects on eggs of O. equi and eggs of A. finlaysoni. In vitro assays A and B showed that P. chlamydosporia had a negative influence on eggs of O. equi and A. finlaysoni and can be considered as a potential biological control agent of nematodes.

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