dipylidium caninum
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2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. N. Rocha ◽  
S. S. Rodrigues ◽  
T. B. Santos ◽  
M. F. Pereira ◽  
J. Rodrigues

Abstract Foliar vegetables contaminated with fecal residues are an important route of transmission of intestinal parasites to humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of parasitic forms of protozoa and helminths on lettuces (Lactuca sativa) and collard greens (Brassica oleracea) sold in street- and supermarkets in the city of Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. A total of 30 samples of each vegetable (15 samples from each supermarkets and street markets) was analyzed. All samples were processed by spontaneous sedimentation method and centrifugal flotation. In 45% of the samples, immature forms of intestinal parasites were identified with 66.7% helminths eggs and 33.3% protozoan cysts or oocysts. Significantly more lettuce samples were contaminated with eggs, cysts or oocyst of at least one parasite than collard green samples (U=216; Z=-3.45; P <0.001). The parasitic forms were identified morphologically up to the family level with eggs of Ancylostomatidae, Strongyloididae, Ascarididae and Taeniidae, or oocysts of Eimeriidae, to the genus with Cystoisospora sp. and Toxocara sp., and to the species level with Cystoisospora canis, Dipylidium caninum and Hymenolepis nana. The presence of these infective agents in lettuce and collard green from both street- and supermarkets highlights the high risk of spreading parasites by eating raw vegetables sold in Aparecida de Goiânia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 969-986
Author(s):  
Jair Millán-Orozco ◽  
Jersson Millán-Orozco ◽  
Miguel Ángel Betancourt-Alonso ◽  
América Ivette Barrera-Molina ◽  
María Soledad Valledor ◽  
...  

The present study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the cestocidal effect of Pyrantel-Oxantel on the Dipylidium caninum tapeworm. Each intestine sample was obtained by means of a transversal incision of the abdominal area of each euthanized canine subject, individually dissected via  longitudinal incision, and examined for the presence of D. caninum. An optical microscope was used to identify and verify proglottid morphology and viability based on its macroscopic appearance. The cestocidal effects of Pyrantel-Oxantel (75 mg pyrantel pamoate; 75 mg oxantel pamoate) were assessed in adult tapeworms (treated group, n= 21; control group, n= 21) placed on Petri dishes and incubated at 37 °C. One-hour post-incubation, the D. caninum cestodes treated with Pyrantel-Oxantel presented a 28 % decrease (P=0.001) in motility, which rose to a 52 % (P=0.0001) decrease by the end of the second hour. The control group (P=0.0001) presented 55.7 % motility for at least the first six hours of incubation and 4.2 % (P=0.001) motility by the end of the study, while 0 % motility was observed in the treated group by the end of the study. Pyrantel-Oxantel had a lethal effect (P=0.0001) on adult D. caninum, with 100 % mortality observed 6 h after in vitro post-incubation, while the control group presented 55.7 % viability after the same time period. In addition, Pyrantel-Oxantel reduced (P=0.001) tegument thickness by 42.5 % (10.24 ± 0.21 µm), while this was 17.81 ± 0.33 µm for the control group. The results of this study indicate that Pyrantel-Oxantel has a therapeutic effect on the presence of D. caninum, inducing both a reduction of the tegument thickness and increased mortality.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 024-025
Author(s):  
Shahadat Hossain Md. ◽  
Islam Ausraful ◽  
Labony Sharmin Shahid ◽  
Mokbul Hossain Md. ◽  
Abdul Alim Md. ◽  
...  

Background: Dipylidium caninum, a zoonotic cyclophyllidean tapeworm, mainly infects dogs, cats, and occasionally humans as well. Here, we present D. caninum infection in a domestic cat. A cat of about one year of age with a history of intermittent diarrhea and shedding stool containing whitish cooked rice like soft particles. Methods: The case was identified by thorough clinical, coprological, and parasitological examinations, and treated accordingly. Results: During the physical examination, the cat was found to be infested with flea, and coprological investigation revealed the presence of gravid segments of cestodes. By preparing a permanent slide, we conducted a microscopic examination, and the cestode was confirmed as D. caninum. The cat was treated with albendazole and levamisole, which were ineffective; additionally, levamisole showed toxicity. Then, we administered niclosamide which completely cured the animal. On re-examination after a week, feces were found negative for eggs/gravid segments of any cestode. Conclusion: Niclosamide was found effective against dipylidiasis and can be treated similar infections in pets.


Author(s):  
Vladimir Sergeevich Turitsin ◽  
Sergei Sergeevich Kozlov ◽  
Olesya D. Achilova

Aims: To study the intestinal helminth fauna of domestic and neglected dogs living in the city of Samarkand and adjacent areas of the Samarkand region and to assess their epidemiological significance. Materials and methods: 112 dogs of different ages from Samarkand and the surrounding area were examined. 45 animals were examined by the method of incomplete helminthological autopsy; diagnostic deworming was performed in 12 priotarny dogs; in 55 dogs, feces were examined once by the Fulleborn method. Results: In the examined dogs, 4 types of cestodes and 4 types of nematodes were found in the intestines. The most common type was dog tapeworm (Dipylidium caninum). The extent of invasion (EI) is 73.7%, the intensity of invasion (AI) is 5-56 copies. Taenia hydatigena tapeworm was detected during preventive deworming in 5 animals out of 12 (41.7%), and at autopsy in 18 dogs out of 45 (40%), AI 1-4 copies. The tapeworm of Echinicoccus granulosus was found in the autopsy of one dog out of 45 (EI-4.4%, AI-more than 350 copies). Mesocestoides lineatus cestodes were observed in the autopsy of 3 dogs (EI-6.7%, AI-1-2 copies). Trichuris (=Trichocephalus) vulpis lived in the caecum of 20 dissected animals (EI-88%, AI-5-23 copies). During coproscopy of feces of 55 dogs, whipworm eggs were found in 25 animals (45.5%). Males and females of Toxocara canis were found in the intestines during autopsy of 5 animals (EI -22%, AI-2-4 copies). Eggs Toxocara coproscopy found in the feces of dogs 9 out of 55 (16.4 percent). The EI of the nematode Toxascaris leonina averaged 14.0%. AI 1-3 copies. The nematode Pterygodermatites (=Rictularia) affinis was found in the singular (male) in the duodenum of one dissected dog. Conclusions: In domestic and neglected dogs living in the territory of Samarkand and the Samarkand region, it was possible to establish the presence of 8 species of intestinal helminths, of which three species are dangerous to humans and have important epidemiological significance: Echinicoccus granulosus, Dipylidium caninum and Toxocara canis.


Author(s):  
Vinicius Correa ◽  
Eduardo Faria Porto Arantes ◽  
Cecilia Gomes Barbosa ◽  
César Gomez-Hernandez ◽  
Karine Rezende-Oliveira

Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de parasitos em amostras de fezes e de solo colhidas em diferentes áreas no Município de Ituiutaba-MG. Metodologia: Foram visitadas 17 praças e coletadas um total de 85 amostras de fezes, analisadas pelas técnicas parasitológicas de flutuação, formol-éter e sedimentação espontânea. As amostras de solo foram colhidas em 20 locais entre praças e clubes, sendo cinco amostras em cada local. As amostras foram acondicionadas em sacos formando um “pool do local”, e identificadas com data e temperatura do solo e encaminhadas para análise parasitológica. Resultados: Do total de amostras de fezes coletadas 23,5% (20/85) estavam positivas, sendo 68% (15/20) apresentaram formas evolutivas de Ancylostoma spp e 9% das amostras (2/20) continham ovos de Dipylidium caninum e/ou de Toxocara spp. Quanto à presença de protozoários, 9% (2/20) das amostras tinham cistos e/ou trofozoíto de Giardia duodenalis e 4,5% (1/20) apresentaram oocistos de coccídeos. Do total de amostras de solo coletadas, 70% (14/20) dos locais positivaram para formas parasitárias de helmintos, sendo que 78,5% (11/14) apresentaram formas evolutivas de Ancylostoma spp , 64,3% (9/14) de Toxocara spp.,  14,3% (2/14)  Strongyloides stercolaris, 7,2% (1/14) D. caninum ou  Hymenolepis nana ou Spirometra mansonoides. Conclusão: O encontro de formas parasitárias nestes locais destaca a necessidade de ações de promoção em saúde, colocando em prática o conceito de saúde única.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e74101018643
Author(s):  
Mayara Leal Firmino da Silva ◽  
Valeska Shelda Pessoa de Melo ◽  
Vanessa Martins Fayad Milken ◽  
Felipe Nael Seixas

Animais podem frequentar locais públicos como praias, praças e parques públicos, resultando em problemas de saúde pública. O solo contaminado por ovos e larvas de helmintos serve como via de transmissão e é um importante indicador de ocorrência de larva migrans cutânea (LMC) e larva migrans visceral (LMV). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a contaminação por parasitas de potencial zoonótico nas areias de praças públicas da cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Para tanto, foram coletadas amostras de areia e fezes de cães e/ou gatos de 40 praças e, posteriormente analisadas. Das praças avaliadas, 95% (38/40) estavam contaminadas. De acordo com a metodologia aplicada, foram analisadas um total de 456 amostras de areia e fezes e obtido 45,6% (208/456) de positividade. Destas, 45,9% (200/436) eram areia e 47,5% (8/17) fezes contaminadas. Os parasitas encontrados neste estudo foram ovos (62,4%) e larvas (30,9%) de Ancylostoma spp., ovos (0,26%) e larvas (5,5%) de Strongyloides spp. e ovos tanto de Toxocara spp. (0,59%) quanto de Dipylidium caninum (0,19%). O encontro de diversos tipos de parasitas tem uma importância epidemiológica significante, indicando a existência de condições ambientais favoráveis ao desenvolvimento destes microrganismos, principalmente em relação à possibilidade de ocorrência das LMC e LMV. Esses resultados mostram que existe risco à saúde da população que frequenta esses ambientes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1916-1921
Author(s):  
Husain F. Hassan ◽  
Sabreen Y. Gaeib

In this study, 25 stray cats were caught from the urban city of Kirkuk hunted using specially designed traps. Cats were dissected and examined in order to investigate its infection with intestinal parasites. Our results indicate that all stray cats were infected with at least one type of helminthes. Three types of Trematodes were identified: Echinochasmus, Heterophyes and , Prohemistomum with infection rate of 4% for each type. Such species were identified for the first time in stray cats in the Iraq. Moreover, four types of cestodes were identified: Diplopylidium, Dipylidium caninum, Joyeuxiella and Taenia taeniaeformis with infection rate of 24% 48%, 16% and 12%, respectively. Nematodes of Physaloptera preputalis, Toxocara cati and Toxoascaris leonina were also found. The infection rate was 4% ,28% and 8% for each type, respectively. Keywords: intestinal helminthes, stray cats, Trematodes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692110331
Author(s):  
Tamara Libertad Iturbe Cossío ◽  
Azucena Danae Montes Luna ◽  
Magdalena Ruiz Mejia ◽  
Ariadna Flores Ortega ◽  
Rafel Heredia Cárdenas ◽  
...  

Objectives The present study was carried out to evaluate the risk factors for and presence of intestinal parasites in cats at the feline hospital ‘CEME Gatos’, Mexico City. Methods In total, 528 fecal samples from domestic cats were collected and analyzed in order to diagnose enteroparasites. Results The parasite with the highest prevalence was Giardia species (21.97%), followed by Cryptosporidium species (7%), Toxocara cati (6.45%), Cystoisospora species (5.11%) and Dipylidium caninum (0.76%). One hundred and twenty-one cats (55.50%) were infected with a single parasite, 80 (36.69%) were infected with two and 17 (14.04%) were infected with three parasites. The results of the prevalence study showed that a liquid consistency of feces was associated with the presence of Giardia species, whereas age <7 months and mucus in the stool were factors associated with the prevalence of Cystoisospora species. Regarding T cati, the associated risk factors were age <7 months, being male, contact with other animal species and access to the outdoors. The last factor was strongly associated with the presence of T cati (eight times more likely) in outdoor cats’ feces. Brushing frequency was also an associated factor: T cati was present in cats that were never brushed. The results of the analysis of cats infected with D caninum showed that interaction with other species was a risk factor for infection. Conclusions and relevance Age <7 months, mucus in feces, living with other animal species, outdoor access and frequency of brushing are risk factors for the presence of parasites.


2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Ľ. Burcáková ◽  
G. Štrkolcová ◽  
A. Königová ◽  
M. Várady

Abstract Considering the close contact of companion animals and humans, gastrointestinal parasitic zoonoses are very widespread and represent a high risk of transmission with the potential of severe consequences affecting the digestive tract of both humans and other animals. In this study we focused on enteric zoonoses caused by Toxocara canis nematode, Dipylidium caninum tapeworm and Giardia duodenalis protozoa. Our primary aim was to observe Toxocara canis egg excretion within the 27 consecutive days before and after orally treatment (2 Caniverm® tablets) on Day 13 in a naturally infected puppy. An average egg per gram (EPG) of T. canis detected by coprological quantitative McMaster method was 4558.33 and 666.66, before and after treatment, respectively. The percentage of faecal egg count reduction (%FECR) in in vivo Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) has confirmed an 85.37 % efficacy against T. canis. Secondly, the efficacy of Caniverm® against the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum was also determined. No D. caninum proglottides were detected on Day 14. The data showed 100 % effectiveness of the anthelmintic treatment. Metrobactin® 250 mg has been tested as experimental therapy against Giardia duodenalis on Day 3. On day 10, no cysts were observed in the faeces after per os ¼ tablet administration twice a day for 7 days.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alberto Iannacone Oliver ◽  
Bruno J. De Andrade Silva

No presente estudo foi realizado hemograma completo em 100 cães positivos para helmintos e/ou protozoários no exame coproparasitológico, visando verificar as possíveis alterações hematológicas relacionadas ao parasitismo intestinal. Para o diagnóstico coproparasitológico, as amostras de fezes foram submetidas ao método de tamisação e posteriormente analisadas segundo as técnicas de Willis, Faust e Hoffman. Os hemogramas foram realizados com auxílio de um analisador hematológico automatizado e avaliação morfológica através de esfregaço sanguíneo corado com Panótico rápido, utilizando microscopia óptica de campo claro. A análise das amostras fecais revelou que Ancylostoma sp. foi o parasito mais frequente (42%), seguido de Cystoisospora sp. (20%), Giardia sp. (20%), Cystoisospora e Giardia (4%), Toxocara sp. (3%), Ancylostoma e Giardia (3%), Dipylidium caninum (Linnaeus, 1758) (2%), entre outros (6%). As alterações hematológicas mais comumente encontradas foram: anemia, trombocitopenia e leucocitose, tanto na infecção por helmintos, quanto na por protozoários. Nenhum dos cães parasitados por protozoários apresentou eosinofilia, somente aqueles parasitados por helmintos. Todos os animais estudados apresentaram resultado negativo na pesquisa de hematozoários através da capa leucocitária. As alterações observadas nos animais infectados podem servir como um indicativo da presença dos parasitos, assim, esses dados podem ser utilizados em conjunto com as técnicas de diagnóstico coproparasitológico, para se obter uma melhor avaliação da gravidade do parasitismo em seu hospedeiro.


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