Extreme weather events and plant–plant interactions: shifts between competition and facilitation among grassland species in the face of drought and heavy rainfall

Climate change and extreme weather events put in peril the critical coastal infrastructure that is vital to economies, livelihoods, and sustainability. However, for a variety of reasons, decision makers often do not implement potential adaptation strategies to plan and adjust to climate and extreme weather events. To respond to the question of how seaport decision makers perceive strategies to overcome the barriers to adaptation we used semi-structured interviews of 30 seaport directors/managers, environmental specialists, and safety managers from 15 medium- and high-use ports of the U.S. North Atlantic. This paper contributes four broad strategies identified by seaport decision makers as necessary to help them advance on this challenge: funding, better planning or guidance, research and education, and advocacy/lobbying. We coded these strategies parallel to our partner paper that identified seven key barriers faced by the same set of decision makers. Results can help direct resources in ways targeted to the needs of seaport decision makers. The proposed framework contributes to theories of resilience building and barriers to decision making. Being strategic about change facilitates effective adaptation, decreasing risk, and enables continuity of safe, and sustainable, operations of U.S. seaports in the face of climate and extreme weather events.

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Association of climate variability and childhood diarrhoeal disease in rural Bangladesh, 2000–2006

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026881300277x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 142 (9) ◽

pp. 1859-1868 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

J. WU ◽

M. YUNUS ◽

P. K. STREATFIELD ◽

M. EMCH

Keyword(s):

Heavy Rainfall ◽

Diarrhoeal Disease ◽

Extreme Weather ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Weather Factors ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Childhood Diarrhoea ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Weather Events ◽

Hot Days

SUMMARYThis study examined the effects of meteorological factors, particularly, extreme weather events, on the prevalence of childhood diarrhoeal disease in Matlab, Bangladesh. Logistic regression models were used to examine impacts of temperature, rainfall and the extreme weather factors (the number of hot days and days with heavy rainfall) on childhood diarrhoea from 2000 to 2006 at the bari (cluster of dwellings) level. The results showed that the increases in the number of hot days and days with heavy rainfall were associated with an increase in daily diarrhoea cases by 0·8–3·8% and 1–6·2%, respectively. The results from multivariable stepwise models showed that the extreme weather factors were still positively associated with childhood diarrhoea, while the associations for average temperature and rainfall could be negative after other variables were controlled. The findings showed that not only the intensity, but also the frequency of extreme weather events had significant effects on childhood diarrhoea.

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Weather extremes : A spatio-temporal perspectives

MAUSAM ◽

10.54302/mausam.v67i1.1141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 27-52

Author(s):

L. S. RATHORE ◽

D. R. PATTANAIK ◽

S. C. BHAN

Keyword(s):

Heavy Rainfall ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Extreme Weather ◽

Dust Storms ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Weather Extremes ◽

Cold Waves ◽

Severe Thunderstorms ◽

Weather Events ◽

Spatio Temporal

Being mainly an agricultural country the economy of India and its growth mainly depends on the vagaries of the weather and in particular the extreme weather events. India with a land of unique climatic regime due to several characteristic features, including (i) two monsoon seasons (south-west and north-east) leading to drought & flood condition, active and break cycle of monsoon and also heavy rainfall leading to flash flood and landslides, (ii) two cyclone seasons (pre and post-monsoon cyclone seasons), (iii) hot weather season characterized by severe thunderstorms, dust storms and heat waves, (iv) cold weather season characterized by violent snow storms in the Himalayan regions, cold waves and fog. The socio-economic impacts of the extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, heavy rainfall, cyclones, hail storm, thunderstorm, heat and cold waves have been increasing due to large growth of population and urbanizations, which has led to greater vulnerability. A spatio-temporal analysis of these weather extremes over India will be very helpful to understand the vulnerability potential and to improve the forecast skill and use these forecasts in minimizing the adverse impacts of such weather extremes.

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What Does Florida Weather during the Past 20 Years Look Like? Florida Weather Represented by the Florida Automated Weather Network (FAWN)

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ae537-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Satbyeol Shin ◽

Young Gu Her ◽

Geraldina Zhang ◽

William Lusher

Keyword(s):

Heavy Rainfall ◽

Extreme Weather ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Tropical Storms ◽

Biological Engineering ◽

The Past ◽

Weather Events ◽

Spatial Trends ◽

Temporal And Spatial ◽

Temporal And Spatial Trends

This 8-page document gives an overview of Florida temperature and rainfall during the past 20 years based on historical FAWN data to provide information about the temporal and spatial trends of Florida weather and the frequency and size of extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall and drought. This document also investigates the characteristics of drought and heavy rainfall in relation to hurricanes and tropical storms. Written by Satbyeol Shin, Young Gu Her, Geraldina Zhang, and William Lusher, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, January 2020.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae537

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Vulnerability and adaptability of sanitation systems to climate change

Journal of Water and Climate Change ◽

10.2166/wcc.2014.003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 487-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Anjali Manandhar Sherpa ◽

Thammarat Koottatep ◽

Christian Zurbrügg ◽

Guéladio Cissé

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Action Research ◽

Heavy Precipitation ◽

Extreme Weather ◽

Treatment System ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Urine Diversion ◽

Weather Events ◽

The Face ◽

Sanitation Systems

Climate change is among the major challenges that are increasing the risk of extreme weather events, such as increases in the strength and frequency of heavy precipitation, floods, and drought. Technologies currently promoted for improving access to sanitation are vulnerable to climate-related threats. In today's context where nearly 2.5 billion people do not have access to sanitation, climate change is an additional hurdle in ensuring them access. Climate change, its impact on sanitation systems and their scope of adaptation must be addressed to accelerate sustainable sanitation coverage. This paper attempts to analyse the vulnerability and potential adaptability of certain sanitation systems with a focus on floods and will provide guidance on systems selection. The waterless system with urine diversion has the components necessary to cope with a flood situation, while the waterless system with alternating pits and the pour flush system with twin pits are less suitable. The (semi-)centralized treatment system is the least adaptable system. This paper recommends action research on the vulnerability and adaptability of sanitation systems in order to make informed choices based on future climatic projections to ensure sustainable sanitation systems in the face of climate change.

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