Phytotoxicity of short-term exposure to excess zinc or copper in Scots pine seedlings in relation to growth, water status, nutrient balance, and antioxidative activity

This paper discusses whole-plant responses to salinity in order to answer the question of what process limits growth of non-halophytes in saline soils. Leaf growth is more sensitive to salinity than root growth, so we focus on the process or processes that might limit leaf expansion. Effects of short-term exposure (days) are considered separately from long-term exposure (weeks to years). The answer in the short term is probably the water status of the root and we suggest that a message from the root is regulating leaf expansion. The answer to what limits growth in the long term may be the maximum salt concentration tolerated by the fully expanded leaves of the shoot; if the rate of leaf death approaches the rate of new leaf expansion, the photosynthetic area will eventually become too low to support continued growth.

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Short-Term Exposure to Atmospheric Ammonia Does not Affect Frost Hardening of Needles from Three- and Five-Year-Old Scots Pine Trees

Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1016/s0176-1617(99)80257-0 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 154 (5-6) ◽

pp. 775-780 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Johannes M.A.M. Clement ◽

Philip R. Van Hasselt ◽

Ludger J.M. van der Eerden ◽

Thomas A. Dueck

Keyword(s):

Scots Pine ◽

Short Term ◽

Frost Hardening ◽

Atmospheric Ammonia ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Pine Trees

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Effect of mycorrhiza and nitrate nutrition on nitrate reductase activity in Scots pine seedlings

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1034/j.1399-3054.1991.810115.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 89-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tytti Sarjala

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Pine Seedlings

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The Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on In Vitro Platelet Function

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1648027 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 36 (01) ◽

pp. 221-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Charles A. Schiffer ◽

Caroline L. Whitaker ◽

Morton Schmukler ◽

Joseph Aisner ◽

Steven L. Hilbert

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽

Platelet Function ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Short Term ◽

Platelet Factor ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Structural Abnormalities

SummaryAlthough dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been used extensively as a cryopreservative for platelets there are few studies dealing with the effect of DMSO on platelet function. Using techniques similar to those employed in platelet cryopreservation platelets were incubated with final concentrations of 2-10% DMSO at 25° C. After exposure to 5 and 10% DMSO platelets remained discoid and electron micrographs revealed no structural abnormalities. There was no significant change in platelet count. In terms of injury to platelet membranes, there was no increased availability of platelet factor-3 or leakage of nucleotides, 5 hydroxytryptamine (5HT) or glycosidases with final DMSO concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10% DMSO. Thrombin stimulated nucleotide and 5HT release was reduced by 10% DMSO. Impairment of thrombin induced glycosidase release was noted at lower DMSO concentrations and was dose related. Similarly, aggregation to ADP was progressively impaired at DMSO concentrations from 1-5% and was dose related. After the platelets exposed to DMSO were washed, however, aggregation and release returned to control values. Platelet aggregation by epinephrine was also inhibited by DMSO and this could not be corrected by washing the platelets. DMSO-plasma solutions are hypertonic but only minimal increases in platelet volume (at 10% DMSO) could be detected. Shrinkage of platelets was seen with hypertonic solutions of sodium chloride or sucrose suggesting that the rapid transmembrane passage of DMSO prevented significant shifts of water. These studies demonstrate that there are minimal irreversible alterations in in vitro platelet function after short-term exposure to DMSO.

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Silvicultural characteristics of a Scots pine stand on drift sands

Silva Gandavensis ◽

10.21825/sg.v57i0.884 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

Author(s):

D. Maddelein ◽

N. Lust

Keyword(s):

Scots Pine ◽

Mixed Forest ◽

Rotation Period ◽

Average Height ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Pedunculate Oak ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Humus Layer ◽

Pine Seedlings ◽

Pine Regeneration

The study of a seventy years old stand of Scots pine on drift sands proves that Scots pine growth on these sites was and is still relatively good: average diameter 27.6 cm, average height 19.4 m, standing volume 213 m3 and an annual increment of 4.9 m3.ha-1.yr-1. All Scots pines belong to the upper storey. Yet considerable differences in crown development and vitality are observed. The current growth rate and the spontaneous settlement of pine seedlings under canopy show the ideal conditions for the creation of a high forest with reserves. Anyway a rotation period of more than 70 years is recommendable. On several places a consolidated regeneration of Scots pine seedlings under canopy occur. Groups with a stem number of 700 to 3,500 seedlings per are, ranging in age from 3 to 11 years and in height from 10 to 170 cm, are present. This Scots pine regeneration has developed in a normal mor humus layer and in a dense Deschampsia mat. Broadleaved regeneration is not so abundant, and consists for 75 % of black cherry. Absence of seed trees, browsing damage and the exclusive character of black cherry are the limiting factors for the installation and survival of valuable indigenous species, such as pedunculate oak. Provided that black cherry is removed and that the regeneration is protected against wild damage, it is possible to create a mixed forest dominated by Scots pine but with a considerable admixture of indigenous broadleaved trees. However, if black cherry will not be sufficiently controlled, it can be expected that in a first phase black cherry will dominate the understorey, that it will prevent the regeneration of all other species and that, very soon, it will form an almost single-species dominated stage in forest succession.

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