Nonmedical Benzodiazepine Use in Adolescents: Indirect Effects of Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émilie Fletcher ◽  
Jérémie Richard ◽  
Jeffrey Derevensky ◽  
William Ivoska ◽  
Caroline Temcheff
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms

scholarly journals Personality traits and combat exposure as predictors of psychopathology over time

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Koffel ◽  
M. D. Kramer ◽  
P. A. Arbisi ◽  
C. R. Erbes ◽  
M. Kaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms

Background.Research suggests that personality traits have both direct and indirect effects on the development of psychological symptoms, with indirect effects mediated by stressful or traumatic events. This study models the direct influence of personality traits on residualized changes in internalizing and externalizing symptoms following a stressful and potentially traumatic deployment, as well as the indirect influence of personality on symptom levels mediated by combat exposure.Method.We utilized structural equation modeling with a longitudinal prospective study of 522 US National Guard soldiers deployed to Iraq. Analyses were based on self-report measures of personality, combat exposure, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms.Results.Both pre-deployment Disconstraint and externalizing symptoms predicted combat exposure, which in turn predicted internalizing and externalizing symptoms. There was a significant indirect effect for pre-deployment externalizing symptoms on post-deployment externalizing via combat exposure (p< 0.01). Negative Emotionality and pre-deployment internalizing symptoms directly predicted post-deployment internalizing symptoms, but both were unrelated to combat exposure. No direct effects of personality on residualized changes in externalizing symptoms were found.Conclusions.Baseline symptom dimensions had significant direct and indirect effects on post-deployment symptoms. Controlling for both pre-exposure personality and symptoms, combat experiences remained positively related to both internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Implications for diagnostic classification are discussed.

Transdiagnostic Approaches With Children

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Temkin ◽  
Mina Yadegar ◽  
Christine Cho ◽  
Brian C. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Case Conceptualization ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Transdiagnostic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms

In recent years, the field of clinical psychology has seen a growing movement toward the research and development of transdiagnostic treatments. Transdiagnostic approaches have the potential to address numerous issues related to the development and treatment of mental disorders. Among these are the high rates of comorbidity across disorders, the increasing need for efficient protocols, and the call for treatments that can be more easily disseminated. This chapter provides a review of the current transdiagnostic treatment approaches for the treatment of youth mental disorders. Three different types of transdiagnostic protocols are examined: mechanism-based protocols, common elements treatments, and general treatment models that originated from single-disorder approaches to have broader reach. A case study illuminates how a mechanism-based approach would inform case conceptualization for a client presenting with internalizing and externalizing symptoms and how a transdiagnostic framework translates into practice.

scholarly journals Externalizing and internalizing symptoms and coping strategies in young victims of abuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Moreno-Manso ◽  
Mª. Elena García-Baamonde ◽  
Eloísa Guerrero-Barona ◽  
Mª. José Godoy-Merino ◽  
Mónica Guerrero-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms

AbstractThis research analyses the internalizing and externalizing symptoms and the coping strategies of young victims of abuse. These young people are in residential care under protective measures due to abuse. The participants were 61 youths (32 male and 29 female) between 12 and 17 years of age. Different works of research stress the need for an early identification of the psychopathological symptomatology that these adolescents may present in order to provide an adequate psycho-educational intervention. The relationship between the adolescents’ psychopathological symptomatology and the coping strategies and styles they use to resolve problems is studied. It is also analyzed whether internalizing and externalizing problems predict the style and coping strategies of adolescents. Two tests were used: 1. Child and Adolescent Evaluation System (SENA); 2. Adolescent Coping Scales (ACS). The results indicate that young victims of abuse have internalizing and externalizing symptoms. These adolescents are characterized by an unproductive coping style, as well as by the use of coping strategies that are not very functional and ineffective for resolving conflicts. The psychopathological symptomatology is related to and predicts an unproductive coping style, badly adapted to solving daily problems (worrying, blaming oneself, not coping, ignoring the problem, or keeping it to oneself). This research has allowed us to identify the presence of several areas of vulnerability in these young persons which could be playing an important role in their psychosocial maladjustment. The research suggests the design of intervention strategies, for both groups and individuals, aimed at mitigating and modifying the sources of the problems in victims of child abuse.

Transdiagnostic dimensions in obsessive-compulsive and related disorders: associations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ivar Snorrason ◽  
Courtney Beard ◽  
Andrew D. Peckham ◽  
Thröstur Björgvinsson
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Cravings ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms

Abstract Background Hierarchical structural models of psychopathology rarely extend to obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. The current study sought to examine the higher-order structure of the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) in DSM-5: obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), hoarding disorder (HD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder; HPD) and excoriation (skin-picking) disorder (SPD). Methods Adult patients in a partial hospital program (N = 532) completed a dimensional measure of the five OCRDs. We used confirmatory factor analysis to identify the optimal model of the comorbidity structure. We then examined the associations between the transdiagnostic factors and internalizing and externalizing symptoms (i.e. depression, generalized anxiety, neuroticism, and drug/alcohol cravings). Results The best fitting model included two correlated higher-order factors: an obsessions-compulsions (OC) factor (OCD, BDD, and HD), and a body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) factor (HPD and SPD). The OC factor, not the BFRB factor, had unique associations with internalizing symptoms (standardized effects = 0.42–0.66) and the BFRB factor, not the OC factor, had small marginally significant unique association with drug/alcohol cravings (standardized effect = 0.22, p = 0.088). Conclusions The results mirror findings from twin research and indicate that OCD, BDD, and HD share liability that is significantly associated with internalizing symptoms, but this liability may be relatively less important for BFRBs. Further research is needed to better examine the associations between BFRBs and addictive disorders.

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