Protozoan Parasites and Leafy Greens in Marrakech: Study of Occurrence Using a Molecular Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Berrouch ◽  
Sandie Escotte-Binet ◽  
Atika Madline ◽  
Dominique Aubert ◽  
Eva Nast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Leafy Greens

scholarly journals Determination of the Occurrence of Toxoplasma Gondii, Giardia Duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in leafy Greens in Marrakech using a Molecular Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
salma Berrouch ◽  
Sandie Escotte-Binet ◽  
Atika Madline ◽  
Dominique Aubert ◽  
Eva Nast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Food Matrices ◽  
Real Time Qpcr

Abstract Background: The association between the parasitic illnesses and the consumption of contaminated food is more and more described. However, there is still a lack of studies investigating the occurrence of parasitic contamination in food matrices. The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of T. gondii and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and G. duodenalis cysts, in three leafy greens (coriander, lettuce and parsley) commonly consumed raw.Methods: A total of 152 leafy green samples were collected in Marrakech from April 2018 to October 2019. Parasites were eluted and concentrated before detection of their DNA by real-time qPCR. Results: The analysis revealed an overall rate of contamination of 32.2% (49/152), with 29.6% (45/152) positive for T. gondii, 2.6% (4/152) for G. duodenalis, while Cryptosporidium spp was not detected. Conclusion: The results showed that leafy greens vegetables available in markets of Morocco are subjected to protozoan parasites contaminations. Thus, humans can be exposed to these parasites through vegetables consumption. Further investigations can be performed to acquire new epidemiological data on the health risk of these protozoan diseases in Morocco.

Quantification of viable protozoan parasites on leafy greens using molecular methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 103816
Author(s):  
Minji Kim ◽  
Karen Shapiro ◽  
Verónica B. Rajal ◽  
Andrea Packham ◽  
Beatriz Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Leafy Greens

Phylogenetic relationship ofHepatozoonblood parasites found in snakes from Africa, America and Asia

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. HAKLOVÁ ◽  
V. MAJLÁTHOVÁ ◽  
I. MAJLÁTH ◽  
D. J. HARRIS ◽  
V. PETRILLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Geographical Pattern ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYThe blood parasites from the genusHepatozoonMiller, 1908 (Apicomplexa: Adeleida: Hepatozoidae) represent the most common intracellular protozoan parasites found in snakes. In the present study, we examined 209 individuals of snakes, from different zoogeographical regions (Africa, America, Asia and Europe), for the occurrence of blood parasites using both molecular and microscopic examination methods, and assess phylogenetic relationships of allHepatozoonparasites from snakes for the first time. In total, 178 blood smears obtained from 209 individuals, representing 40 species, were examined, from whichHepatozoonunicellular parasites were found in 26 samples (14·6% prevalence). Out of 180 samples tested by molecular method polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the presence of parasites was observed in 21 individuals (prevalence 11·6%): 14 snakes from Africa belonging to six genera (Dendroaspis, Dispholidus, Mehelya, Naja, PhilothamnusandPython), five snakes from Asia from the genusMoreliaand two snakes from America, from two genera (ColuberandCorallus). The intensity of infection varied from one to 1433 infected cells per 10 000 erythrocytes. Results of phylogenetic analyses (Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood) revealed the existence of five haplotypes divided into four main lineages. The present data also indicate neither geographical pattern of studiedHepatozoonsp., nor congruency in the host association.

Simultaneous detection of four protozoan parasites on leafy greens using a novel multiplex PCR assay

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 103252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Shapiro ◽  
Minji Kim ◽  
Veronica B. Rajal ◽  
Michael J. Arrowood ◽  
Andrea Packham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay

scholarly journals Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Toxoplasma gondii detection in fresh vegetables consumed in Marrakech, Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1669-78
Author(s):  
Salma Berrouch ◽  
Sandie Escotte-Binet ◽  
Yassine Amraouza ◽  
Pierre Flori ◽  
Dominique Aubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Fresh Vegetables

Background: Protozoan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium spp., can be transmitted to humans via accidental consumption of contaminated water, fresh produce and foodstuffs. There is a lack of epidemiological data about these pathogens in Morocco. Hence the aim of this study, which is the determination of their prevalence in some leafy greens and root vegetables sold in Marrakech. Methods: A total of 132 vegetable samples including carrot, coriander, lettuce, parsley and radish were purchased monthly from three different markets in Marrakech from March 2017 to January 2018, pre-treated and subjected to microscopic and molecular analyses. Results: Of the 132 samples of vegetables analyzed by qPCR, the overall rate of protozoan was 21.21% (28/132); 22 samples were found to be contaminated with T. gondii, 6 with G. duodenalis, and none was positive for C. parvum/hominis. Whereas, modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining allowed the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in 3% (4/132) of examined samples. Conclusion: This survey on the presence of protozoan parasites in fresh vegetables revealed that vegetables sold in Marrakech are contaminated by these protozoan parasites, as it showed that leafy green vegetables were more susceptible for parasitic contamination than root ones. Keywords: Fresh vegetables; protozoan parasites; Marrakech; qPCR.

Identification Pseudomonas aeruginosa by OprD Gene for Differentiation from Other Pseudomonas Species that Isolated from Clinical Samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Ashwak B Al-Hashimy ◽  
Huda S Alagely ◽  
Akeel K Albuaji ◽  
Khalid R Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Specific Sequences

The present study included the collection of 100 samples from various clinical sources for investigating the presence of P. aeruginosa in those sources, the samples have been collected from some hospitals in Baghdad and Hillah city (Al-qassim General Hospital, ,Al-hillah teaching hospital,and Al-hashimya General hospital ) which included wounds, burns, ear and sputum infections. The study was carried out through October 2017 till the end of March 2018. The samples were identified based on the morphological and microscopically characteristics of the colonies when they were culturing or number of culture media as well as biochemical tests, molecular identification were also used as a final diagnostic test for isolates that were positive as they belong to P.aeruginosa bacteria during previous tests based on the OprD gene which has specific sequences for P.aeruginosa bacteria as a detection gene and also consider as virulence factor so it have a synonyms mechanism to antibiotic resistance . The results of the final diagnosis showed that 38 isolates belong to target bacteria were distributed as 18 of burns, 11 isolates of wounds, 6 isolates of ear infection and 3 isolates of sputum, The examination of the sensitivity of all bacterial isolates was done for elected 38 isolation towards the 9 antibiotic by a Bauer - Kirby and the isolates were resistant for a number of antibiotics used such as Ciprofloxacin 65.7%, Norflaxacin 71%, Imipenem 63.1% Meropenem 68.4%, Gentamicin 65.7%, Amikacin 26.3%, Cefepime 68.4%, Ceftazidime 65.7% and Piperacillin 57.8%.Molecular method , All isolates (38) of P. aeruginosa positive for the diagnostic special gene (OprD) genes (100%).

Survival of giardia, cryptosporidium, poliovirus and salmonella in marine waters

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Johnson ◽  
C. E. Enriquez ◽  
I. L. Pepper ◽  
T. L. Davis ◽  
C. P. Gerba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Waterborne Pathogens ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocysts ◽  
Giardia Muris

Discharge of sewage into the ocean is still a common method of disposal worldwide. Both treated and untreated sewage may contain significant concentrations of waterborne pathogens, such as Giardia, Cryptosporidium, poliovirus and Salmonella. Limited studies exist on the survival of poliovirus and Salmonella in marine waters; however, almost no information exists on the survival of protozoan parasites in marine waters. This study examined the survival of Giardia muris cysts, Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, poliovirus-1 and Salmonella typhimurium in marine waters. The survival of the microorganisms varied according to the presence of light, salinity and water quality (as determined by quantity of enterococci). All microorganisms survived longer in the dark than in sunlight, the order of survival in sunlight being: Cryptosporidium > poliovirus > Giardia > Salmonella.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Growth Behavior in Lettuce Cultivars Grown under Field and Greenhouse Conditions

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Melisa Lanza Volpe ◽  
Verónica C. Soto Vargas ◽  
Anabel Morón ◽  
Roxana E. González
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Field Production

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most important leafy greens worldwide. The nutritional value of its edible leaf depends on different factors including type and growing conditions. The aim was to determine the bioactive compounds content, antioxidant activity and growth behavior of twenty-two lettuce genotypes, cultivated under field and greenhouse conditions. Total phenolic compound, chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activities were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant differences between bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and growth behavior were found among cultivars and morphological types, for both growth conditions. Carotenoid and chlorophyll content was higher in greenhouse conditions for all genotypes. In field production, butterhead and iceberg lettuces showed lower content of these bioactive compounds. The red-pigmented Falbala cultivar from field production showed the highest level of polyphenols and anthocyanin. Meanwhile, in greenhouse conditions, the oak leaf cultivar Grenadine displayed the highest concentration of these phenolic compounds. The iceberg type lettuce showed the lowest percentages of antioxidant activity in both environments. The results showed the effect of growing conditions and the high variability in lettuce bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity among the different types.

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