Genetic Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes in the 22 Arab Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem Zayed
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Epidemiology ◽  
Arab Countries

scholarly journals Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Islet Autoantibodies Are Tools to Characterize Type 1 Diabetes in Arab Countries: Emphasis on Kuwait

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jahromi ◽  
Ebaa Al-Ozairi
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Human Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in Kuwait had been increasing exponentially and has doubled in children≤14 years old within almost two decades. Therefore, there is a dire need for a careful systematic familial cohort study. Several immunogenetic factors affect the pathogenesis of the disease. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) accounts for the major genetic susceptibility to the disease. The triggering agents initiate disease onset by type 1 destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Both HLA and anti-islet antibodies can be used to characterize, predict susceptibility to the disease, innovate, or delay the β-cell destruction. Evidence from prospective longitudinal studies suggested that the underlying disease process represents a continuum that begins before the symptoms are clinically evident. Autoimmunity of the functional pancreatic β-cells results in symptomatic type 1 diabetes and lifelong insulin dependence. The autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), insulinoma antigen-2 (IA-2A), insulin (IAA), and zinc transporter-8 (ZnT-8A) comprise the most reliable biomarkers for type 1 diabetes in both children and adults. Although Kuwait is the second among the top 10 countries with a high incidence rate of type 1 diabetes, there have been no proper diagnostic and prediction tools as per the World Health Organization. The Kuwaiti Type 1 Diabetes Study (KADS) was initiated to understand the disease pathogenesis as well as the HLA and anti-islet autoantibody profile of type 1 diabetes in Kuwait. Understanding the disease sequela in a homogenous gene pool and highly consanguineous population of Kuwaitis could help solve the challenges and pathogenesis, as well as hasten the prevention, of type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Retinopathy of Type 1 Diabetes in Arab Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Hatem Zayed ◽  
Ussama M. Abdel Motal ◽  
Akila Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Chinnayan  Ponnuraja ◽  
C. George Priya Doss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arab Countries

Genetic epidemiology of type 1 diabetes

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel N. Hirschhorn
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Epidemiology

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ashraf El-Metwally ◽  
Paivi Toivola ◽  
Khalid AlAhmary ◽  
Salwa Bahkali ◽  
Ali AlKhathaami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Arab Countries

Background and Aims. Celiac disease (CD) is possibly the most common autoimmune disorder, which may lead to dietary problems in the Arab region. This paper is aimed at exploring the epidemiology of the celiac disease in Arab countries, including its prevalence, associated risk factors, and clinical patterns. Methods. An extensive search of the literature was conducted from electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. In total, 134 research papers were retrieved. We extracted studies published from January 1996 to December 2019. Our search was limited to studies published in English. Findings. The review included 35 studies with 22,340 participants from 12 countries and demonstrated a wide variation in the prevalence of CD. The highest prevalence among the general population (3.2%) was reported in Saudi Arabia, and the lowest (0.1%) was reported in Tunisia. Women demonstrated a higher prevalence of celiac disease relative to men. The peak age at diagnosis fell between 1 and 3 years and 9-10 years. Most studies focused on type 1 diabetes. Children with type 1 diabetes have a higher prevalence of CD (range from 5.5% to 20%), while the prevalence of CD in Down’s syndrome patients was 1.1% and 10.7% in UAE and Saudi Arabia, respectively. Other autoimmune diseases associated with CD are thyroid disease and irritable bowel disease. The most widely recognized clinical presentation was an inability to flourish and poor weight gain, followed by short stature, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, bloating, and chronic diarrhea. Conclusion. The prevalence of the celiac disease in Arab countries varies with sex and age. However, we found that celiac disease presented similar clinical characteristics independent of the geographic region. Longitudinal population-based studies are needed to better identify the true burden and determinants of celiac disease.

Genetic epidemiology of type 1 diabetes

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Epidemiology

Genetic epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan

2000 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. S41-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Ming Chuang ◽  
Shih-Tzer Tsai ◽  
Jyuhn-Huarng Juang ◽  
Wen-Yu Tsai ◽  
Tong-Yuan Tai
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Genetic Epidemiology

scholarly journals Recent Expeditious Growth of Type 1 Diabetes in the Gulf Arab Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jahromi ◽  
Mona Al Sheikh ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Gcc Countries

The incidence of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in the Arab world, particularly, oil and gas rich Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) countries has more than doubled in the last twenty years. Therefore, there is a dire need for careful systematic familial cohort studies, especially in high-risk populations. Several immunogenetic factors affect the pathogenesis of the disease. Genes in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) account for the major genetic susceptibility to the disease. The triggering agents initiate disease onset by destruction of pancreatic β-cells. The autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), insulinoma antigen-2 (IA-2A), insulin (IAA), and zinc transporter-8 (ZnT-8A) comprise the most reliable biomarkers for T1D in both children and adults. Although three of the GCC countries, namely Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Qatar are among the top 10 countries with high incidence rate of T1D, no proper diagnostic and prediction tools were applied in the region. Understanding the disease sequelae in a homogenous gene pool with high consanguinity in the GCC could help solve the challenges in understanding pathogenesis, as well as hasten the prevention of T1D. Arab states must incorporate T1D predictive and intervention policies on a war-footing basis to minimize the burden of this serious disease.

scholarly journals Cultural Adaptation of Health Literacy Measures: Translation Validation of the Newest Vital Sign in Arabic-speaking Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes in Kuwait.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Al-Abdulrazzaq ◽  
Abdullah Al-Taiar ◽  
Muneera Al-Haddad ◽  
Abeer Al-Tararwa ◽  
Nabeela Al-Zanati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Reliable Tool ◽  
Newest Vital Sign

Abstract Background Low level of health literacy (HL) has been linked to several adverse health outcomes independently from education, ethnicity and socio-economic status. There is a dire need for a reliable tool to assess HL of patients and general public in Arab countries. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of use and reliability of the Arabic version of the Newest Vital Sign (NVS) in parents of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Methods Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Arabic version of the NVS (NVS-Ar) was conducted according to established guidelines. In order to investigate the functionality of NVS, the final version of NVS-Ar was administered to 175 adult caregivers of children with T1D, who are native Arabic speakers. We assessed the association between NVS-Ar score for the parents and HbA1C for their children. The internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach’s Alpha (CA) and reliability was assessed by test retest method.Results The median (interquartile rang IQR) score was 4.0 (3-5). The internal consistency of the NVS-Ar was moderate (CA= 0.58). While the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.61. There was no correlation between NVS-Ar score and HbA1C (Spearman's rho = 0.055; p=0.62). Furthermore, there was significant inverse association between adequate HL and optimal glycemic control among children, which remained evident even after adjusting for the duration of T1D, age or education of the parents/child guardian. However, it lost statistical significance when we adjust for treatment regimen.Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that NVS is unlikely to be a predictive tool for functional HL in Arabic settings and that there is a need to properly translate and validate other tools such as TOFLA or alternatively develop a reliable tool de novo.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document