Direct Method for Determination of Al, Cd, Cu, and Pb in Beers In Situ Digested by GF AAS Using Permanent Modifiers

2015 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Soares de Oliveira Borges ◽  
Mark Anthony Beinner ◽  
José Bento Borba Silva
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Permanent Modifiers ◽  
Gf Aas

UV-photochemical vapour generation with in situ trapping in a graphite tube atomizer for ultratrace determination of selenium

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1752-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Rybínová ◽  
Václav Červený ◽  
Petr Rychlovský
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Graphite Tube ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Gf Aas ◽  
Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Vapour Generation

UV-photochemical vapour generation followed by in situ trapping and atomization of the generated volatile compounds in the graphite furnace atomizer of an atomic absorption spectrometer (GF-AAS) was employed to determine selenium in the sub-ppb range.

scholarly journals In situ determination of dynamic stiffness for resilient elements

2015 ◽  
Vol 230 (6) ◽  
pp. 986-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
JWR Meggitt ◽  
AS Elliott ◽  
AT Moorhouse ◽  
H Kevin Lai
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Finite Difference Approximation ◽  
Difference Approximation ◽  
Remote Measurement ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Rotational Components ◽  
Plate System

An in situ method for the measurement of a resilient elements dynamic transfer stiffness is outlined and validated. Unlike current methods, the proposed in situ approach allows for the characterisation of a resilient element whilst incorporated into an assembly, and therefore under representative mounting conditions. Potential advantages of the proposed method include the simultaneous attainment of both translational and rotational transfer stiffness components over a broad frequency range without the need for any cumbersome test rigs. These rotational components are obtained via the application of a finite difference approximation. A further advantage is provided via an extension to the method allowing for the use of remote measurement positions. Such an extension allows for the possible characterisation of hard-to-reach elements, as well as the over-determination of the problem. The proposed method can thus be broken into two sub-methods: direct and remote. Preliminary results are shown for the direct method on a simple mass-isolator-mass laboratory test rig along with a more realistic beam-isolator-plate system. Validation of this method is provided for by a transmissibility prediction, in which an obtained dynamic stiffness value is used to predict the transmissibility of a separate system. Further results are presented for the remote case using a beam-isolator-plate system. In all cases the results are obtained over a substantial frequency range and are of a sufficient quality to be used as part of structure borne sound and vibration predictions.

scholarly journals Double immunocytochemical staining for the in situ study of allotype distribution during an anti-trinitrophenyl immune response in chimeric rabbits.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 989-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Claassen ◽  
L T Adler ◽  
F L Adler
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin ◽  
Immunocytochemical Staining ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Simultaneous Identification

After incubation of tissue sections with anti-allotype-enzyme conjugates, the localization of immunoglobulin-allotype-bearing cells in the lymphoid tissues of conventional and chimeric rabbits could be established. The use of anti-allotype sera bearing distinct enzyme labels allowed simultaneous recognition of B cells producing immunoglobulin of one or the other parental types in heterozygous rabbits, or of B cells from the donor and recipient in chimeras. After immunization of chimeric rabbits with trinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, anti-trinitrophenyl antibody-forming cells could be demonstrated through the use of a trinitrophenyl-alkaline phosphatase conjugate. Simultaneous incubation of sections with this reagent and with horseradish peroxidase coupled to (donor or recipient) anti-allotype sera made possible the determination of the origin (donor or recipient) of the antibody-forming cells. In agreement with the results of plaque assays and analyses of serum antibodies, all the anti-TNP producing cells were of donor origin when the chimeras had been created through injection of spleen or lymph node cells from trinitrophenyl primed donors. With this study we introduce a simple, direct method for the simultaneous identification of cells that produce antibody of a given allotype and a given specificity, applicable to appropriate studies in heterozygous or chimeric rabbits. The procedure has various advantages over previously reported methods.

Determination of copper in composite biomaterials by capillary electrophoresis: an UV-direct method based on in situ complex formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (43) ◽  
pp. 7767-7773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. Cattalini ◽  
Viviana S. Mouriño ◽  
Silvia E. Lucangioli
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis Method ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Electrophoresis Method ◽  
Determination Of Copper ◽  
Composite Biomaterials

This work describes the optimization and validation of an UV-direct capillary electrophoresis method for the analysis of copper ions in samples obtained from release studies of bone-tissue-engineering composite biomaterials.

Photochemical vapor generation and in situ preconcentration for determination of mercury by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 3015-3021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlin He ◽  
Guanglei Cheng ◽  
Chengbin Zheng ◽  
Li Wu ◽  
Yong-Ill Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Mercury Vapor ◽  
Vapor Generation ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽  
Photochemical Vapor Generation ◽  
Gf Aas

Mercury vapor from photo-chemical vapor generation (CVG) was enriched in gold nanorods (AuNRs) for enhancing sensitivity of GF-AAS.

Ab initio structure determination of cytochrome c6 by combined reciprocal space-real space approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chowdhury ◽  
S. Ghosh ◽  
M. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Reciprocal Space ◽  
Cytochrome C6 ◽  
Ab Initio Structure ◽  
Space Approach

AbstractThe direct method program SAYTAN has been applied successfully to redetermine the structure of cytochrome c

INDIREKTE PAPIERCHROMATOGRAPHISCHE METHODE ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER HARNOESTROGENE

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kecskés ◽  
F. Mutschler ◽  
I. Glós ◽  
E. Thán ◽  
I. Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
List Type ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Phenol Fraction ◽  
Qualitative Determination

ABSTRACT 1. An indirect paperchromatographic method is described for separating urinary oestrogens; this consists of the following steps: acidic hydrolysis, extraction with ether, dissociation of phenol-fractions with partition between the solvents. Previous purification of phenol fraction with the aid of paperchromatography. The elution of oestrogen containing fractions is followed by acetylation. Oestrogen acetate is isolated by re-chromatography. The chromatogram was developed after hydrolysis of the oestrogens 'in situ' on the paper. The quantity of oestrogens was determined indirectly, by means of an iron-reaction, after the elution of the iron content of the oestrogen spot, which was developed by the Jellinek-reaction. 2. The method described above is satisfactory for determining urinary oestrogen, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, but could include 16-epioestriol and other oestrogenic metabolites. 3. The sensitivity of the method is 1.3–1.6 μg/24 hours. 4. The quantitative and qualitative determination of urinary oestrogens with the above mentioned method was performed in 50 pregnant and 9 non pregnant women, and also in 2 patients with granulosa cell tumour.

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