Another Pitfall in Brain Death Diagnosis: Return of Cerebral Function After Determination of Brain Death by Both Clinical and Radionuclide Cerebral Perfusion Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Gene S. Latorre ◽  
Elena B. Schmidt ◽  
David M. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Cerebral Function ◽  
Brain Death Diagnosis

Determination of cerebral perfusion by means of planar brain scintigraphy and99mTc-HMPAO in brain death, persistent vegetative state and severe coma

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. -P. Schlake ◽  
I. G. Böttger ◽  
K. -H. Grotemeyer ◽  
I. W. Husstedt ◽  
W. Brandau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Persistent Vegetative State

BRAINDEX: An Interactive, Knowledge-Based System Supporting Brain Death Diagnosis

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schwarz ◽  
R. Grims ◽  
E. Rumpl ◽  
G. Rom ◽  
G. Pfurtscheller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Knowledge Based System ◽  
Forward Chaining ◽  
Brain Death Diagnosis ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Expert System Shell

AbstractBRAINDEX (Brain-Death Expert System) is an interactive, knowledge-based expert system offering support to physicians in decision making concerning brain death. The physician is given the possibility of communicating in almost natural language and, therefore, in terms with which he is familiar. This updated version of the system is implemented on an IBM-PC/AT with the expert system shell PC-PLUS and consists of about 430 rules. The determination of brain death is realized with backward chaining and for the optional coma-scaling a forward-chaining mechanism is used.

Radionuclide cerebral perfusion scintigraphy in determination of brain death in children

Neurology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1027-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Holzman ◽  
R. G. Curless ◽  
G. N. Sfakianakis ◽  
C. Ajmone-Marsan ◽  
J. E. Montes
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Scintigraphy

Cerebral perfusion imaging for brain death with 99Tcm-HMPAO

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
R. H. Reid ◽  
M. J. Gelfand ◽  
T. C. Frewen
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion

scholarly journals Clinical Brain Death with False Positive Radionuclide Cerebral Perfusion Scans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhaghatta Venkatram ◽  
Sara Bughio ◽  
Gilda Diaz-Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Apnea Test ◽  
Radionuclide Studies ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Ancillary Test

Practice guidelines from the American Academy of Neurology for the determination of brain death in adults define brain death as “the irreversible loss of function of the brain, including the brainstem.” Neurological determination of brain death is primarily based on clinical examination; if clinical criteria are met, a definitive confirmatory test is indicated. The apnea test remains the gold standard for confirmation. In patients with factors that confound the clinical determination or when apnea tests cannot safely be performed, an ancillary test is required to confirm brain death. Confirmatory ancillary tests for brain death include (a) tests of electrical activity (electroencephalography (EEG) and somatosensory evoked potentials) and (b) radiologic examinations of blood flow (contrast angiography, transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), and radionuclide methods). Of these, however, radionuclide studies are used most commonly. Here we present data from two patients with a false positive Radionuclide Cerebral Perfusion Scan (RCPS).

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in raised intra-cranial pressure and in intracranial circulatory arrest

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Hassler ◽  
Helmuth Steinmetz ◽  
Jan Gawlowski
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography

✓ Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was used to monitor 71 patients suffering from intracranial hypertension with subsequent brain death. Among these, 29 patients were also assessed for systemic arterial pressure and epidural intracranial pressure, so that a correlation between cerebral perfusion pressure and the Doppler ultrasonography waveforms could be established. Four-vessel angiography was also performed in 33 patients after clinical brain death. With increasing intracranial pressure, the transcranial Doppler ultrasonography waveforms exhibited different characteristic high-resistance profiles with first low, then zero, and then reversed diastolic flow velocities, depending on the relationship between intracranial pressure and blood pressure (that is, cerebral perfusion pressure). This study shows that transcranial. Doppler ultrasonography may be used to assess the degree of intracranial hypertension. This technique further provides a practicable, noninvasive bedside monitor of therapeutic measures.

Return of Spontaneous Respiration in an Infant Who Fulfilled Current Criteria to Determine Brain Death

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-520
Author(s):  
Ken Okamoto ◽  
Tsuyoshi Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Spontaneous Respiration ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Child's Brain

It is generally assumed that the child's brain is more resistant to insults leading to death. Current guidelines for brain death, therefore, avoid application of these standards to young children.1 The determination of brain death in children, however, has become increasingly important, and different sets of new guidelines for children have been recently published.1-4 Especially, the recommendations of a special task force, consisting of representatives from neurologic organizations and the American Academy of Pediatrics, were published in five major journals.4 Those primary distinctions were three separate longer observation periods depending on the child's age and the necessity for two corroborating electroencephalograms (EEGs) or one EEG with a corroborating cerebral radionucleotide angiogram.

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