Role of activated charcoal and amino acids in developing an efficient regeneration system for foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.) using leaf base segments

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv) categorized as an underutilized crop in Nepal persist a large diversity among different germplasms and accessions found in the country. Ten foxtail millet accessions were collected from different parts of Nepal and were evaluated for assessing the diversity in different characters at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan. The accessions were experimented in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Observations were taken for qualitative traits i.e. tip of first leaf, anthocyanin at leaf base, lobe compactness, length of bristles, anthocyanin presence, leaf blade altitude, flag leaf color, lobe in panicles, panicle lodging, inflorescence compactness, overall color, panicle anthocyanin, panicle shape and growth habit. Shannon Weiner index and Evenness were calculated to assess the diversity in the accessions under study. The maximum number of diversity in traits of lobe compactness of panicle (1.3624) followed by panicle lodging (1.1595), inflorescence compactness (1.1235) and length of bristles (1.0681). Least diversity was observed in trait of growth habit (0.3926) followed by panicle anthocyanin coloration (0.4505) and lobes in panicles (0.5799). The finding of existence of wide diversity in the studied accessions could be a pivotal information for further study of genetic variation of foxtail millet germplasms.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 483-488

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Efficient regeneration system from wheat leaf base segments

Biologia Plantarum ◽

10.1007/s10535-006-0045-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 326-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

K. Haliloglu

Keyword(s):

Regeneration System ◽

Leaf Base ◽

Efficient Regeneration ◽

Wheat Leaf

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Amino acid transporter (AAT) gene family in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.): widespread family expansion, functional differentiation, roles in quality formation and response to abiotic stresses

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-021-07779-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yang Yang ◽

Yongmao Chai ◽

Jiayi Liu ◽

Jie Zheng ◽

Zhangchen Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Gene Family ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Functional Differentiation ◽

Setaria Italica ◽

Evolutionary Features ◽

Sequence Characteristics ◽

Quality Formation

Abstract Background Amino acid transporters (AATs) plays an essential roles in growth and development of plants, including amino acids long-range transport, seed germination, quality formation, responsiveness to pathogenic bacteria and abiotic stress by modulating the transmembrane transfer of amino acids. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screening to analyze the AAT genes in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.), especially those associated with quality formation and abiotic stresses response. Results A total number of 94 AAT genes were identified and divided into 12 subfamilies by their sequence characteristics and phylogenetic relationship. A large number (58/94, 62%) of AAT genes in foxtail millet were expanded via gene duplication, involving 13 tandem and 12 segmental duplication events. Tandemly duplicated genes had a significant impact on their functional differentiation via sequence variation, structural variation and expression variation. Further comparison in multiple species showed that in addition to paralogous genes, the expression variations of the orthologous AAT genes also contributed to their functional differentiation. The transcriptomic comparison of two millet cultivars verified the direct contribution of the AAT genes such as SiAAP1, SiAAP8, and SiAUX2 in the formation of grain quality. In addition, the qRT-PCR analysis suggested that several AAT genes continuously responded to diverse abiotic stresses, such as SiATLb1, SiANT1. Finally, combined with the previous studies and analysis on sequence characteristics and expression patterns of AAT genes, the possible functions of the foxtail millet AAT genes were predicted. Conclusion This study for the first time reported the evolutionary features, functional differentiation, roles in the quality formation and response to abiotic stresses of foxtail millet AAT gene family, thus providing a framework for further functional analysis of SiAAT genes, and also contributing to the applications of AAT genes in improving the quality and resistance to abiotic stresses of foxtail millet, and other cereal crops.

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Amino Acid Transporter (AAT) Gene Family in Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica L.): Widespread Family Expansion, Functional Differentiation, Roles in Quality Formation and Response to Abiotic Stresses

10.21203/rs.3.rs-113517/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Yang ◽

Yongmao Chai ◽

Jiayi Liu ◽

Jie Zheng ◽

Zhangchen Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Gene Family ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Functional Differentiation ◽

Setaria Italica ◽

Evolutionary Features ◽

Sequence Characteristics ◽

Quality Formation

Abstract Background: Amino acid transporters (AATs) plays an essential roles in growth and development of plants, including amino acids long-range transport, seed germination, quality formation, responsiveness to pathogenic bacteria and abiotic stress by modulating the transmembrane transfer of amino acids. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screening to analyze the AAT genes in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.), especially those associated with quality formation and abiotic stresses response.Results: A total number of 94 AAT genes were identified and divided into 12 subfamilies by their sequence characteristics and phylogenetic relationship. A large number (58/94, 62%) of AAT genes in foxtail millet were expanded via gene duplication, involving 13 tandem and 12 segmental duplication events. Tandemly duplicated genes had a significant impact on their functional differentiation via sequence variation, structural variation and expression variation. Further comparison in multiple species showed that in addition to paralogous genes, the expression variations of the orthologous AAT genes also contributed to their functional differentiation. The transcriptomic comparison of two millet cultivars verified the direct contribution of the AAT genes such as SiAAP1, SiAAP8, and SiAUX2 in the formation of grain quality. In addition, the qRT-PCR analysis suggested that several AAT genes continuously responded to diverse abiotic stresses, such as SiATLb1, SiANT1. Finally, combined with the previous studies and analysis on sequence characteristics and expression patterns of AAT genes, the possible functions of the foxtail millet AAT genes were predicted.Conclusion: This study for the first time reported the evolutionary features, functional differentiation, roles in the quality formation and response to abiotic stresses of foxtail millet AAT gene family, thus providing a framework for further functional analysis of SiAAT genes, and also contributing to the applications of AAT genes in improving the quality and resistance to abiotic stresses of foxtail millet, and other cereal crops.

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Determination of protein, fat, starch, and amino acids in foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] by Fourier transform near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Food Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s10068-013-0243-1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1495-1500 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Xiu-Shi Yang ◽

Li-Li Wang ◽

Xian-Rong Zhou ◽

Shao-Min Shuang ◽

Zhi-Hua Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Setaria Italica ◽

Infrared Reflectance ◽

Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Near Infrared Reflectance

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Amino Acid Transporter (AAT) Gene Family In Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica L.): Widespread Family Expansion, Functional Differentiation, Roles In Quality Formation And Response To Abiotic Stresses

10.21203/rs.3.rs-119005/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Yang ◽

Yongmao Chai ◽

Jiayi Liu ◽

Jie Zheng ◽

Zhangchen Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Gene Family ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Functional Differentiation ◽

Setaria Italica ◽

Evolutionary Features ◽

Sequence Characteristics ◽

Quality Formation

Abstract Background: Amino acid transporters (AATs) plays an essential roles in growth and development of plants, including amino acids long-range transport, seed germination, quality formation, responsiveness to pathogenic bacteria and abiotic stress by modulating the transmembrane transfer of amino acids. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screening to analyze the AAT genes in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.), especially those associated with quality formation and abiotic stresses response.Results: A total number of 94 AAT genes were identified and divided into 12 subfamilies by their sequence characteristics and phylogenetic relationship. A large number (58/94, 62%) of AAT genes in foxtail millet were expanded via gene duplication, involving 13 tandem and 12 segmental duplication events. Tandemly duplicated genes had a significant impact on their functional differentiation via sequence variation, structural variation and expression variation. Further comparison in multiple species showed that in addition to paralogous genes, the expression variations of the orthologous AAT genes also contributed to their functional differentiation. The transcriptomic comparison of two millet cultivars verified the direct contribution of the AAT genes such as SiAAP1, SiAAP8, and SiAUX2 in the formation of grain quality. In addition, the qRT-PCR analysis suggested that several AAT genes continuously responded to diverse abiotic stresses, such as SiATLb1, SiANT1. Finally, combined with the previous studies and analysis on sequence characteristics and expression patterns of AAT genes, the possible functions of the foxtail millet AAT genes were predicted.Conclusion: This study for the first time reported the evolutionary features, functional differentiation, roles in the quality formation and response to abiotic stresses of foxtail millet AAT gene family, thus providing a framework for further functional analysis of SiAAT genes, and also contributing to the applications of AAT genes in improving the quality and resistance to abiotic stresses of foxtail millet, and other cereal crops.

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