Process Performance and Microbial Community Variation in High-Rate Anaerobic Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Treating Palm Oil Mill Effluent at Temperatures Between 55 and 70 °C

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maneerat Khemkhao ◽  
Vichai Domrongpokkaphan ◽  
Chantaraporn Phalakornkule
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Community Variation

scholarly journals Process Performance and Microbial Community Variation in High-Rate Anaerobic Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Treating Palm Oil Mill Effluent at Temperatures Between 55 °C and 70 °C

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maneerat Khemkhao ◽  
Vichai Domrongpokkaphan ◽  
Chantaraporn Phalakornkule
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Abstract Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is wastewater with a relatively high temperature (80 – 90 °C) that is generated from the extraction of oil from palm fruit and palm kernels. Owing to its high discharge temperatures, the thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) of POME could be advantageous as treatment at thermophilic temperatures can reduce loads for cooling the wastewater. In this study, the effects of stepwise temperature increments of 5 °C from 55 °C to 70 °C on the AD of POME were investigated in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) operated under high organic loading rates (OLRs). The process performance and microbial community structure at each temperature interval were evaluated. It was observed that the methane production rates of the CSTR increased with increasing OLRs up to values of 13.7 g/L d, 25.7 g/L d, and 26.5 g/L d at operating temperatures of 55 °C, 60 °C, and 65 °C, respectively. As a result of the increasing OLRs, the maximum rate of methane production increased from 3.8 L/L d at 55 °C to 4.4 L/L d at 60 °C and to 3.8 L/L d at 65 °C. The microbial community structure analysis showed that there were notable reductions in the gene copy number of the bacterial domain and the Methanosarcinales order with increasing temperatures from 55 °C to 60 °C and to 65 °C, whereas hydrogenotrophic methanogens, especially the genus Methanobacterium, in the order Methanobacteriales became dominant at 60 °C and 65 °C. Thus, the methanogenesis pathway was suggested to be a combination of acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis at 55 °C and 60 °C with an increased contribution of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis at 60 °C, whereas methane was mainly generated via hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis at 65 °C. The thermophilic AD of POME at 60 °C was found to be promising because the methane content in the biogas and the methane production rates were optimal, with an average methane content of approximately 73%.

Appropriate mixing speeds of Rushton turbine for biohydrogen production from palm oil mill effluent in a continuous stirred tank reactor

Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 823-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanawat Srirugsa ◽  
Suteera Prasertsan ◽  
Thanansak Theppaya ◽  
Theerayut Leevijit ◽  
Poonsuk Prasertsan
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Rushton Turbine ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEEKONOMIAN PEMBANGUNAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA BIOGAS DARI POME DENGAN CONTINUOUS STIRRED TANK REACTOR (CSTR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Sugiyono ◽  
Adiarso Adiarso ◽  
Ratna Etie Puspita Dewi ◽  
Yudiartono Yudiartono ◽  
Agung Wijono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Limbah cair kelapa sawit atau dikenal dengan POME (palm oil mill effluent) dapat diproses menjadi biogas sebagai bahan bakar untuk pembangkit listrik. Produksi POME saat ini dapat digunakan untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga biogas (PLTBg) dengan kapasitas mencapai 153,4 MW yang sebagian besar berada di wilayah Sumatera. Salah satu pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS) yang berpotensi untuk pembangunan PLTBg adalah PKS Sei Pagar milik PTPN V Pekanbaru. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis keekonomian pembangunan PLTBg. PLTBg didesain dengan kapasitas 700 kW dengan menggunakan biodigester jenis continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Listrik yang dihasilkan akan dijual ke PLN dengan harga jual sebesar 85% biaya pokok penyediaan (BPP) pembangkitan wilayah Riau sebesar 1.249,5 Rp/kWh. Hasil perhitungan keekonomian menunjukkan bahwa biaya investasi mencapai 26,3 milar Rupiah dengan skema 70% pinjaman dari bank dan sisanya 30% dengan modal sendiri (equity). Biaya opersi dan perawatan mencapai 2,3 miliar Rupiah setiap tahun. Pembangunan PLTBg layak untuk dilaksanakan dengan nilai IRR sebesar 11,44%, waktu pengembalian modal selama 7 tahun 11 bulan, dan NPV sebesar 1.1 miliar Rupiah.

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