Biodegradation of used engine oil by novel strains of Ochrobactrum anthropi HM-1 and Citrobacter freundii HM-2 isolated from oil-contaminated soil

The focus of the study was to evaluate and compare the performance of urea fertilizer, goat manure, pig manure and brewery spent grain for the bioremediation of used engine oil contaminated soil. Soil with no pollution history was collected and subjected to detailed laboratory analysis to determine the total heterotrophic bacterial population, pH, moisture content, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and total hydrocarbon content. Used engine oil contaminated soil was prepared by adding 250g of used engine oil into a clean dry plastic bucket containing 1kg of unpolluted soil. The mixture was properly mixed and covered with aluminium foil paper before use. The used engine oil contaminated soil was left for a period of four (4) days for stabilization before the commencement of treatment. The entire setup and its content was open throughout the period of experimentation to allow for the influence of atmospheric oxidation. The setup was monitored for twelve (12) weeks and sampling/analysis of the samples was done on a weekly basis to ascertain the progress of treatment. The residual hydrocarbon content after each treatment was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results obtained shows that pig manure is the best substrate for the clean-up of used engine oil contaminated soil with calculated removal efficiency of 64.4% followed by BSG with 51.4% removal efficiency, Goat Manure with removal efficiency of 39.9% and Urea Fertilizer with 33.7% efficiency. The kinetic modelling shows that experimental data fitted well with pseudo-first order kinetic model with calculated error sum of square (SSE) values of (0.0002, 0.0005, 0.0012 and 0.0072) and root mean square errors (RMSE) of (0.0028, 0.0073, 0.0082 and 0.0481). On the accurate prediction of the optimum remediation time, it was observed that the non-linear regression model gave higher coefficient of determination of 0.9824, 0.9812, 0.9886 and 0.9899 compared to linear regression.

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Monitoring the in-situ Bioremediation of Spend engine-oil contaminated soil After Irrigation with Fermented Chicken-droppings

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v24i3.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 411-416

Author(s):

V.E. Okpashi ◽

O.A. Ushie ◽

F.E. Abeng ◽

I.H. Inyang

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Low Cost ◽

Positive Control ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Control Group ◽

Used Engine Oil ◽

Uncontaminated Soil ◽

Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

Preparation for the bioremediation of petroleum contaminants is explored to provide a low-cost and capable strategy for biodegradation of contaminants and renewal of soil fertility. In this study, fermented chicken droppings were used as novel in-situ bio-stimulants and bio- augmentation materials. The investigation determines the capability of fermented chicken droppings to biodegrade the residual total petroleum hydrocarbon compounds in-used engine oil contaminated soil – in the case of auto mechanic shops. The soil was collected at 10 cm depth from the ground, air-dried and sieved with 2.5mm mesh. A 4 kg of soil was weighed into 13 perforated buckets to allow aeration and prevent waterlogging. The setup consists of three replicates that were spiked with 150 ml of used engine oil. 500 ml of the fermented chicken droppings were used to irrigate the contaminated soil at ratio 1:8 periodically for every 3 days per irrigation for 21 days. The uncontaminated soil used as the control group was irrigated with normal water. The TPH composition of the contaminated and remediated soil samples was screened using gas Chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy. Results show that the uncontaminated soil (A-group) had C10 - 24.058 ± 0.02 ppm, C12 - 37.327 ± 0.01 ppm, C14 - 28.515 ± 0.02 ppm and C16 - 12.097 ± 0.02 ppm, respectively out of about 35 TPH compounds that ought to be detected from C8 to C40. The Concentration of TPH in Contaminated soil before irrigation with Chicken droppings – positive control (ppm) B-group gave a significant qualitative and quantitative presence of TPHs in contaminated soil at varying concentrations. 36 TPHs were detected out of forty, starting from C10 - 1.836 ± 0.01 ppm to C38 - 50.150±0.01 ppm. Whereas, the Concentration of residual TPH in Contaminated soil after irrigation with Chicken droppings gave varying levels of residual TPHs ranging from C8 - 1.519 ± 0.02 ppm to C38 - 41.487 ±0.02 ppm. This also gave a resultant/differences in the degradation level of TPHs. Differences in TPH Concentration between before the irrigation and after irrigation of contaminated soil were calculated, C8 had - 0.317 ppm while another TPHs concentration varies accordingly. From the results, one can be deduced that despite other environmental factors that influence the degradation of TPHs, fermented chicken droppings showed great capability in the degradation of TPHs in the contaminated soil. Keywords: Bioremediation, auto-mechanic-yard, Soil-fertility, Used-engine-oil, fermented-chicken-droppings

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Effect Of Agitated Chicken-Droppings for in Situ Bioremediation of Pahs in Spend Engine-Oil Contaminated Soil

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v29i0.54817 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

VE Okpashi ◽

NE Etim ◽

Inyang IH ◽

UN Obeten

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soil ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Low Cost ◽

Ground Level ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Used Engine Oil ◽

Normal Water

The populace are concern about how their environment is impacted by spend or used engine oil. The spills from spend engine oil posed serious problems to the land and aquatic habitats. Efficient methods but low-cost technique for remediating spends engine oil contaminated soil and restorations of soil fertility are being explored. In response to used engine oil pollution to the soil, the present investigation examined the comparative biodegradation level of spend engine oil contaminated soil using fermented chicken droppings. The soil sample was collected from the uncontaminated site 10 cm below ground level. The sandy/loam soil was sieved with 2.5 mm mesh. A 4 kg of the soil was weighed into each bucket and contaminated with spend engine oil, the soil was contaminated with 150 ml of the spend engine oil at a ratio of 1:27. A 27 kg of chicken droppings was mixed with 27 liters of water in a ratio of 1 kg: 1L. The mixture was left for 7days to ferment and increase the microbial load. The contaminated soil was irrigated using an experimental design that included uncontaminated soil that was irrigated using normal water (positive control), contaminated soil that was irrigated using normal water (negative control) and contaminated soil irrigated using fermented chicken droppings (test). Five hundred mL of the chicken droppings mixture was used to irrigate the soil for 21 days at an interval of 3 days per irrigation. Thereafter, the irrigated soil was screened with gas chromatography linked with mass spectroscopy. There was an observed change in contaminant concentration without fermented chicken droppings. The percentage of differences in the concentrations was recorded in × 10–5% with the presence of Naphthalene and Acenaphthylene with the percent difference of 2.0 × 10–5% and 5.0 × 10– 5%. Result revealed an appreciable decrease in PAHs level compared to the positive and negative control. The findings suggest the positive effect and rapid uptake of the contaminant in the application of fermented chicken droppings. J. Bio-Sci. 29(1): 01-09, 2021 (June)

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Isolation and screening of potential biosurfactant-producing bacteria from used engine oil-contaminated soil

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.438 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zainatul `Asyiqin Samsu ◽

Fatin Nabilah Jeffry ◽

Wan Nur Aishah Natasha Wan A.R. Azizan

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soil ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Used Engine Oil

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