Mud Density Optimization for Horizontal Well System in Clayey Silt Hydrate Reservoir with Considering Borehole Collapse

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingchao Li
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Hydrate Reservoir ◽  
Clayey Silt

scholarly journals Effects of Formation Dip on Gas Production from Unconfined Marine Hydrate-Bearing Sediments through Depressurization

Geofluids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilong Yuan ◽  
Tianfu Xu ◽  
Yingli Xia ◽  
Xin Xin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Hydrate Reservoir ◽  
Hydrate Bearing Sediments

The effects of geologic conditions and production methods on gas production from hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) have been widely investigated. The reservoir was usually treated as horizontal distribution, whereas the sloping reservoir was not considered. In fact, most strata have gradients because of the effects of geological structure and diagenesis. In this study, based on currently available geological data from field measurements in Shenhu area of the South China Sea, the effects of formation dip on gas production were investigated through depressurization using a horizontal well. The modeling results indicate that the strategy of horizontal well is an effective production method from the unconfined Class 2 HBS. The predicted cumulative volume of methane produced at the 1000 m horizontal well was 4.51 × 107 ST m3 over 5-year period. The hydrate dissociation behavior of sloping formation is sensitive to changes in the reservoir pressure. As in unconfined marine hydrate reservoir, the sloping formation is not conducive to free methane gas recovery, which results in more dissolved methane produced at the horizontal well. The obvious issue for this challenging target is relatively low exploitation efficiency of methane because of the recovery of very large volumes of water. Consequently, the development of the favorable well completion method to prevent water production is significantly important for realizing large scale hydrate exploitation in the future.

scholarly journals Permeability Evolution at Various Pressure Gradients in Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoir at the Shenhu Area in the South China Sea

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu ◽  
Xia ◽  
Sun ◽  
Bian ◽  
Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Permeability Evolution ◽  
Shenhu Area ◽  
Evolution Law ◽  
Hydrate Reservoir ◽  
Clayey Silt

The sediment of the hydrate reservoir in the Shenhu Area is mainly clayey silt. Its characteristic small particles and poor cementation challenge the quantification of the reservoir permeability during gas production. An accurate description of the seepage mechanism of the clayey-silt reservoir is the basis, and also a difficulty, of effective development of gas in the South China Sea. In this study, four sets of water seepage experiments under different pressure gradients are carried out using the clayey-silt reservoir sediments, in which the fourth sample was subjected to computed tomographic (CT) scans. The experimental results shows that the clayey-silt reservoir has a compression of the pore structure and decreasing permeability with the increasing pressure gradient. CT images are used to show the reduction of pore spaces for fluid flow. When the pressure gradient is less than 3 MPa per meter, the pore structure of the reservoir has minor changes. When the pressure gradient is greater than this value, the pore structure of the reservoir will be quickly compressed. This leads to a rapid decrease in permeability, and the process of permeability reduction is irreversible. The decrease of permeability can be predicted directly by establishing a power law model with the change of porosity. Our experimental results preliminarily reveal the dynamic evolution law of pore structure and permeability of clayey-silt reservoir in the process of gas hydrate exploitation via depressurization. The permeability evolution law at various pressure gradients provides a scientific and reasonable basis of a productivity control system for clayey-silt gas hydrate in depressurized gas production.

scholarly journals Gas hydrate in-situ formation and dissociation in clayey-silt sediments: An investigation by low-field NMR

2020 ◽  
pp. 014459872097415
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Sun ◽  
Xuwen Qin ◽  
Hongfeng Lu ◽  
Jingli Wang ◽  
Jianchun Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Dissociation Process ◽  
Hydrate Dissociation ◽  
Hydrate Reservoir ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation ◽  
Clayey Silt ◽  
Hydrate Saturation ◽  
Low Field Nmr

The hydrate reservoir in the Shenhu Area of the South China Sea is a typical clayey-silt porous media with high clay mineral content and poor cementation, in which gas hydrate formation and dissociation characteristics are unclear. In this study, the CO2 hydrate saturation, growth rate, and permeability were studied in sandstone, artificial samples, and clayey-silt sediments using a custom-built measurement apparatus based on the low-field NMR technique. Results show that the T2 spectra amplitudes decrease with the hydrate formation and increase with the dissociation process. For the artificial samples and Shenhu sediments, the CO2 hydrate occupies larger pores first and the homogeneity of the sandstone pores becomes poor. Meanwhile, compared with the clayey-silt sediments, CO2 hydrate is easier to form and with higher hydrate saturation for the sandstone and artificial samples. In hydrate dissociation process, there exists a protection mechanism, i.e. the dissociation near the center of hydrates grain is suppressed when gas pressure drops suddenly and quickly. For permeability of those samples, it decreased with hydrate forms, and increases with hydrate dissociation. Meanwhile, with the same hydrate saturation, permeability is higher in hydrate formation than in dissociation.

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